‫بسم ال الر حم ن الرحيم‬

Some oral questions

These are some oral questions of Dr.Abdelbaset El-

.naggar

?What’s the normal ext. appearance of the eye-1

a-The eye lid are in normal position,the upper and lower lashes
.are attached to the corresponding lids
B-
.(Normal eyes have parallel lenses without deviation(no squint
c-
.Normal corneal luster
d-
.Normal position of brows
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How can the patient see after hypermature cataract without-2
?surgery

As there’ll be degeneration of zonules leading to drooping of the lens

.backwards then light can enter the eye and the patient can see
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?What’s the position of light in light perception &hand motion tests-3

.In light perception-----light is behind the doctor

.In hand movement-----light is behind the patient
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?How a patient with artificial lens can’t see well after sometimes-4

.As there’s opacity in the post. Capsule

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?How can cataract operation causes binocular diplopia-5

If the artificial lens was put in front of the eye and it hasn’t the-1
.same power of the other eye
when we put a glasses as its high lens is in front of his operated eye-2
.and the other eye have no lens in front of it
If there’s subluxation of the lens in one eye leading to formation of-3
.two images on its retina so, the patient see more than one picture
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?Does monocular diplopia occurs in hypermature subluxating lens-6

No, As in hyper mature cataract there’s complete opacity of the

lens, meanwhile when subluxation occurs, there is two refractive media
of the light ,the lens &the cornea. So in hyprmature subluxation
.there’s one medium refracts the light so there’s no diplopia
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How the patient with cataract has normal thickness of lens with-7
?.bilateral shallow A.C

.As the patient is bilateral hypermetrope

N.B.In cataract with normal lens thickness and bilat. Deep A.C.-
.there’s bilat. Myopia
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?What’re the common drugs causing cataract-8

.a-Pilocarpin---cat. Starts ant. Capsular&subcapsular

.(b-Cortisone---cat. Starts pst.capsular(post surface of the lens
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?How can foreign body trauma cause cataract-9

As the F.B. causes lens penetration-----leakage of aquous----

.cataract in hrs. if there’s penetrating trauma
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?What’s the normal iris pattern-10

N.B.:Don’t say that the iris covers the lens anteriorely and is
.attached to the cilliary body posteriorely, It’s a common mistake

Tha normal iris pattern is: It’s ant. circular muscular part of the
eye and formed of :Cilliary border, papillary border with serrated
ruffle, regular crypts near the cilliary border with contraction furrows
.and the collarette near the papillary border with radial lines
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Why D.M. and Hypertension are important in past history in diag. -11
?Of cataract

.a-To control it before operation

b-They may be an additional cause of progressive painless
.diminution of vision as diabetic retinopathy in patient with diabetes
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?How can you make a diagnosis from the coplaint of patient-12

:By asking him about

.Diminution of vision or other complain-1
.progressive or not & incidence-2
.panful or painless-3
.In which eye-4
.Since how long-5
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?What’s the common disease affecting the macula-13

It’s diabetic retinopathy

.Its common signs:-Difficulty in reading, colouring &details
.optic N. lesion-
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?How can pterygium affect the vision-14

.By compression on cornea leading to irregular astigmatism-1

.In advanced pterygium reaching the pupil-2
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?How can you differentiate bet. Active & passive pterygium-15

The active pterygium has a white line of corneal infiltration(cap) on

.its head
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What’s the most important measure before removing of-16
?pterygium

Before removing it, we should make it staitionary first(stop its

progression)by giving corticosteroids and decongestants, to prevent its
.recurrence after removal
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?How can you differentiate bet. Pseudophakic & normal person-17

By countin the numbers of purkenji images. It’s 3 images in normal

.person while it’s 2 in pseudophakic
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?What are the clinical applications of testing iris shadow-18

.a-Dignosis of the degree of cataract

.b-In following up the case to limit the time of operation
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?What is the cause of absent iris shadow in partially opaque lens-19

In case of brown nuclear cataract (cataracta negra) as the colour of

.the shadow is the same of the nucleus of the lens
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?What are the causes of lens induced glaucoma-20

Hypermature cataract - denaturated ptn. -exit of lens fibres --1

. engulfing by macrophage -closure of angle of filteration
.(It’s called phacolytic glaucoma (2ry. Open angle type

Phacomorphic glaucoma -swelling of lens - contact bet. Iris-2

& lens - collection of aquous behind the iris - bulging of iris -
.closure of angle of filteration

.In spherophakia(ronded lens) -Irido-lenticular touch-3

Microspherophakia(small rounded lens leading to touch of the-4

.(periphery of the lens by the iris - closur of the angle

.Ant. Dislocated lens-5

.post. Dislocation of the lens - causing bulging of vitreous-6

N.B.: Ant. Dislocation is more dangerous than post. Dislocation as
if it is left for 24 hrs. -corneal opacity as it distructs the endothelium
.-needs keratopathy plus glaucoma operation

Traumatic rupture of lens - exit of lens material - periph.-7

.Ant. Synaechia - closure of the angle

pseudo-exfoliation of lens and by the rubbing movement of-8

amyloid like material by the the miotic – mydriatic action of the iris -
 distribution & accumulation of the material to the periphery and
.the centre becomes clear -closure of the angle

Pigmentary glaucoma by: rubbing of iris to the lens -dispersion-9

.of pigmented cells of the iris - 2ry. Open angle glaucoma
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‫تمت بحمد ال‬
‫وآخر دعوانا أن الحمد ل رب العالمين‬
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