Академический Документы
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1. (a) In a marine museum, living marine animals are kept in different exhibition areas
according to their animals group. Some of the animals in the museum are shown in
the diagrams below:
(i) Using the letters provided, state all the animal(s) that should be placed in the
exhibition area for reptiles. (1 mark)
(ii) B and E are kept in the same exhibition area. Name the animal group to which
they belong. (1 mark)
(iii) State two structure differences between A and C which explain why that of C.
Suggest an explanation for this. (2 marks)
(iv) The amount of daily food intake unit mass of A is much greater than that of C.
Suggest an explanation for this. (4 marks)
(v) The population of F in Nature has decreased continuously in recent years. Suggest
two ways of preventing the extinction of F. (2 marks)
1. (b) Two similar pieces of dialysis tubing were set up as shown in the following
diagrams. The concentrations of the sucrose solution and the glucose solution were
the same.
The height of the solution column in each capillary tube was measured and recorded
in the table below.
Time (min) Height of solution column in the capillary tube
Set-up A(mm) Set-up B(mm)
0 0 0
10 103 25
20 170 40
30 200 45
40 205 46
50 205 44
60 205 41
(i) (1) P was advised to have a hepatitis B vaccination. Explain how P could become
immune against the disease after vaccination. (4 marks)
(2)Would this vaccination allow P to become immune to other types of hepatitis?
Why? (2 marks)
(ii) Both Q and R have not received any hepatitis B vaccination before. Suggest a
reason to explain the difference in their blood test results. (2 marks)
(iii) Hepatitis b is transmitted through contact with the body fluid of an infected
person. Apart from vaccination, suggest two measures that can prevent the
transmission of this disease. (2 marks)
2. (c) The diagram below shows part of the human skeleton:
(i) Joints A, B, C and D can be classified into two types according to their freedom of
movement. Name these two types of joints. Classify A, B, C and D into these two
types.(4 marks)
(ii) State how the vertebrae help to maintain the upright posture of a person. (2 marks)
(iii) Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bone material of a person decrease and
the bones become more porous and lighter than normal. It is more common in old
people. Suggest, with a reason, one way in which people could reduce the chance of
getting osteoporosis. (2 marks)
3. (a) The diagram below shows part of the circulatory system and its neighbouring
cells:
(i) P is in the form of a highly branched network. Explain the importance of this
feature to the function of P. (4 marks)
(ii) Describe how fluid B is formed from fluid A. (3 marks)
(iii) (1) Substances in fluid C will eventually reach the heart. Which chamber of the
heart first receives these substances? (1 mark)
(2) Describe how the continuous flow of fluid C towards the heart is maintained.
(2 marks)
3. (b) The diagrams below show some of the steps carried out by a farmer in the
reproduction of a certain species of plant:
A rat was first put onto the bell jar and the weight of flask A was measured. Air was
then pumped through the set-up for 30 minutes and the weight of flask A was
measured again:
Then the drying agent and the solutions in all three flasks were renewed. The
procedures were repeated without the rat in the bell jar.
The weights of flask A were recorded as shown in the below:
Set-up Initial weight of flask A (g) Final weight of flask A (g)
Experimental (with rat) 211.8 211.8
Control (without rat) 206.7 206.1
(i) Explain why the removal of trees may lead to serious soil erosion. (2 marks)
(ii) A scientist suggested that the harmers should grow some leguminous plants along
the edge of the field. At the end of the year, the fruits of these plants were harvested.
The leaves and roots were ploughed into the field.
(1) State two uses of the fruits. (2 marks)
(2) Explain how the soil fertility can be increased by growing leguminous plants and
returning their leaves and roots into the field. (4 marks)
(iii) The scientist pointed out that the yield of the crop would decrease if the farmers
grew the same type of crop in the same field over the years even though they adopted
the above suggestion. Give two reasons to explain why the yield would decrease.
(4 marks)
4. (c) Four test tubes containing equal volumes of coagulated egg white cubes were
set up. Different solutions were then added to the test and they were allowed to stand
at 30℃. The table below shows the solutions added to the test tubes and the results
observed after 24 hours.
Tube 1 2 3 4
3 3
Solutions Hydrochloric acid 2 cm - 2 cm -
added Solution A 2 cm3 2 cm3 - -
3 3
Distilled water - 2 cm 2 cm 4 cm3
Result after 24 hours × ˇ ˇ ˇ
(i) (1
mark)
(ii) Light-sensitive cells on the retina were stimulated(1 mark)
Never impulses were set-up(1 mark)
And transmitted along the optic nerve(1 mark)
To the cerebral cortex for interpretation into vision(1 mark)
Communication Skill (C) (1 mark)
(iii) Ciliary muscles would contract(1 mark)
Suspensory ligaments would slacken(1 mark)
Lens would become more convex(1 mark)
(iv) Convex lens )
lens of the eye )
nearby object (diverging rays) )
converging rays )
arrow sign )
image on retina )
title )any 6 3 marks