BIOLOGY AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR

ONE BRAIN OR TWO? The importance of this study was that it discovered what the different hemispheres of the brain do MORE EXPERIENCE=BIGGER BRAIN The importance of this study was that it showed that experience does affect the size of parts of the brain

WHAT YOU SEE IS WHAT YOUVE LEARNED The importance of this study is that it shows some concepts, like size constancy, are not inborn.

WATCH OUT FOR THE VISUAL CLIFF! The importance of this study is that it discover that depth perception is an inborn trait but when it is apparent is different for different species, some animals can perceive it right away but human infants cant until at least six months.. It at all.

CONSCIOUSNESS
TO SLEEP, NO DOUBT TO DREAM These studies are important because they show when we dream and that we need to dream.

WHEN YOU WISH UPON A DREAM This study is important because it shows us we can think (or wish) something into our dreams. UNROMANCING THE DREAM The importance of this study is that it shows dreaming is not purely psychological, our bodies start the dreaming process, dreaming may just be used as a way to organize our mind and synthesize our thoughts. ACTING AS IF YOU ARE HYPNOTIZED\ The importance of this study is that it cleared up confusion of how hypnosis works and makes it understandable; also it proved that it is not an altered state.

LEARNING AND CONDITIONING

ITS NOT JUST ABOUT SALIVATING DOGS! The importance of this study is that it taught classical conditioning, one of the fundamental theories of modern psychology LITTLE EMOTIONAL ALBERT The importance of this study is that it showed us that classical conditioning not only controls behaviors but emotions, as well.

KNOCK WOOD! The importance of this study is that it showed how we may have come up with ridiculously stupid superstitions through operant conditioning.

SEE AGGRESSIONDO AGGRESSION The importance of this study is it showed how dramatically children could obtain a behavior and led to research on the effect of violent games/movies on children.

Intelligence, thoughts, and memory

WHAT YOU EXPECT IS WHAT YOU GET The importance of this study is that it gave us the idea of the self-fulfilling prophecy, and we realize we can change things just by believing them so. MAKING A GOOD IMPRESSION ] The importance of this study is that it showed how differently traits function in our cognitive process of impression formation.

MAPS IN YOUR MIND The importance of this study is that it showed psychologists used to ignore the role of our thoughts, but Tolman used a few experiments with rats to show that thoughts AND environmental consequences will affect behavior.

THANKS FOR THE MEMORIES! The importance of this study is that it showed memories are not just recalled, but they can be made and manipulated.

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
DISCOVERING LOVE The importance of this study is that it showed biological needs are not our only priority. Monkeys, even one fed by the wire mother, ended up spending as much time as they could with the soft mother because she provided comfort.

OUT OF SIGHT, BUT NOT OUT OF MIND The importance of this study is that it set the stages of cognitive development and we realized there are some things you just are not capable of for a while, as no matter how much you want that six year old to think abstractly he is not yet capable of it. BORN FIRST, BORN SMARTER? The importance of this study is that it showed that the size of a family does affect the intelligence level but they also noted that birth order is not the only thing that determines intelligence, there are many other factors.

IN CONTROL AND GLAD OF IT! The importance of this study is we saw how some sense of control over your situation, and self-responsibility over your own life makes you happier.

EMOTION AND MOTIVATION

A SEXUAL MOTIVATION They reported that (a) sexual response happens in four stages: excitement, plateau,

orgasm, and resolution. (b) Average penis size is 3 flaccid and 6 erect. (c) Flaccid size does not predict erect size. (d) Penis size is a minor factor in sexually stimulating a woman. (e) After orgasm men cannot orgasm again for some time. Women can orgasm again right away. I CAN SEE IT ALL OVER YOUR FACE They found that certain facial expressions are associated with certain emotions across all cultures. LIFE, CHANGE, AND STRESS In 1967, T. H. Hoplmes and R. H. Rahe studied the rate of social readjustment for different life changing events, creating, in the end, the Social Readjustment Scale THOUGHTS OUT OF TUNE Festinger found that if you do or say something contrary to your attitude, you will tend to change your opinion to make it fit with what you said or did. This is an attempt to resolve cognitive dissonance.24

Personality
ARE YOU THE MASTER OF YOUR FATE? In 1966, J. B. Rotter studied the internal expectancies for vs. the external control of fate. HOW MORAL ARE YOU? During premorality, punishment works. During role-conformity, we do what pleases others and keeps order. In self-morality, we take on our cultures values and form our own. LEARNING TO BE DEPRESSED In 1967, M. E. P. Seligman and S. F. Maier studied learned depression with the failure to escape traumatic shock.

RACING AGAINST YOUR HEART The importance of this is it showed a direct correlation between personality traits and health.

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
WHOS CRAZY HERE, ANYWAY? Rosenhans point was that diagnosis has as much to do with the environment of diagnosed as it does with their symptoms. After Rosenhan, diagnosis couldnt be done in psychological hospitals. Now, people dont label as quickly.29

YOURE GETTING DEFENSIVE AGAIN With regression, one retreats into younger behavior. In projection, one projects ones impulses onto other people. In reaction formation, one does the opposite of ones bad impulses). There are others.30 PROJECTIONS OF WHO YOU ARE In 1942, H. Rorschach studied and started the use of the inkblot test. Rorschach showed subjects abstract shapes and asked them what the shapes were. Different types of people (depressed, schizophrenics, etc.) gave different types of responses.35 CROWDING INTO THE BEHAVIORAL SINK In 1962 J. B. Calhoun studied the effects of crowding on social pathology Calhoun studied the effects of crowding on lab rats. He found that crowding causes aggression in some, submissiveness in others, sexual deviance, and reproductive abnormalities. Later studies examined the relation between humans and crowding.

PSYCHOTHERAPY
CHOOSING YOUR PSYCHOTHERAPIST The study showed the importance of your expectations for therapy and whether or not your therapist actually cares greatly affect how much therapy helps you

RELAXING YOUR FEARS AWAY The importance of this study is it showed how that we can get rid of phobias through associating them with positive things. PICTURE THIS In 1938, H. A. Murray studied personality trying to reveal covert and unconscious complexes. A CHEMICAL CALM In 1978, W. E. Whitehead, B. Blackwell, and A. Robinson studied the effects of diazepam on phobias.

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
NOT PRACTICING WHAT YOU PREACH The importance of this study is it showed our beliefs arent always shown in the way we act. THE POWER OF CONFORMITY The importance of this study is it shows that we will go along with an obviously wrong answer just because everyone else did; we will doubt our own perceptions so that we are the same as the group.

TO HELP OR NOT TO HELP The importance of this study is that it revealed to us the bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility. OBEY AT ANY COST The importance of this study s it showed what extreme lengths we will obey someone who is viewed as an authority figure, 65% of these random volunteers obeyed until to

murder.