Mechanical Properties of Materials, Fall 2011 Homework set 1, due before noon, 8 November 2011 (assigned on 26 September 2011)

Instructor: Yun-Che Wang 1. The potential energy V of a pair of atoms in a solid can be expressed as A B + n (1) m r r where A, B, m and n are given parameters. A material has a cubic unit cell with atoms placed at the corners of the cubes. Show that, when the material is stretched in a direction parallel to one of the cube edges, Youngs modulus E is given by V = mnkTm (2) where is the atomic volume, k the Bolzmanns constant and Tm the absolute melting temperature of the solid. Assume V (r0 ) = kTm , where r0 is the equilibrium separation of a pair of atoms. For Tm = 300 K and r0 = 0.281 nm, please calculate the ideal cohesive strength of the material for the 12-6 potential. E= 2. Derive the expressions for the bulk modulus B(, ), B(E, ), B(, ), B(E, ) in the three dimensions. 3. Mathematically show hydrostatic pressure (p) on the surface of a sphere can be calculated by p = (xx + yy + zz )/3. Hint: write stress tensor in both the Cartesian and spherical coordinate, and then observe the rst invariant of the tensors. 4. If the compliance matrix of elasticity is given by s11 s12 s13 0 0 s11 s13 0 0 s33 0 0 s= s44 0 sym. s44 0 0 0 0 0 2(s11 s12 )

(3)

what are the planes of material symmetry? What kind of crystal structures would it correspond to? Also, calculate the elastic modulus in < 110 > direction for such a material. What is the degree of anisotropy of this material. 5. The elastic constant of an orthotropic material are: E11 = 1.3 GPa, E22 = 0.9 GPa, E33 = 16.4 GPa, G32 = 910 MPa, G31 = 1180 MPa, G21 = 790 MPa, 32 = 0.37, 31 = 0.43, 21 = 0.4, 23 = 0.024, 12 = 0.63, 13 = 0.028. Calculate (a) the strain and (b) the dilatation, resulting from the following stress state in a block of the material: 11 = 22 = 20 MPa and 12 = 21 = 10 MPa. 6. Given a laminate made of graphite and epoxy tapes with 45 /-45 /0 /90 . Total layers are 24. The properties of each layer in the principal material directions, labeled as 1 and 2, are as follows. The total thickness is 0.0056 in. E1 = 18 x 106 psi, E2 = 1.4 x 106 psi, 12 = 0.34, G12 = 0.9 x 106 psi Determine the in-plane moduli and Poissons ratios for the laminate as a whole. 1

7. For a prismatic rod with round cross section (radius = a) under torsion along the 3 axis. Find its effective shear modulus if the rod is made of orthotropic material. 8. Please derive the constitutive relationships for the standard linear solid and standard linear uid. Calculate their relaxation functions. 9. Given that = A n in pure shear, calculate the strain rates 11 , 22 and 33 of a thin sheet subject to an equal biaxial tension. 10. An aluminum component with a grain size of 0.1 mm is subjected to a uniaxial tensile stress of 10 MPa at a temperature of 400 C. It is assumed that power law creep dominates the strain rate of secondary creep of the aluminum component. Calculate the time to failure using the Monkman-Grant equation log tf + m log ss = B Assume m = 1.00 and B = 0.9. (4)