Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Step 1. Chop up the DNA into pieces using Step 1. Chop up the DNA into pieces using
an enzyme. an enzyme.
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG
The enzyme recognizes a particular sequence The enzyme recognizes a particular sequence
of bases: of bases:
GTGTG GTGTG
| | | | | | | | | |
CACAC CACAC
Step 1. Chop up the DNA into pieces using Step 1. Chop up the DNA into pieces using
an enzyme. an enzyme.
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG
GTGTGC
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCGCACG
ACCATGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGTACACTTGAATGCGCACG
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGCGTGC ACCGTGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCGCACG TGGCACACTTGAATGCGCACG
mutation
ACCATGTGAACTTACGCGTGC ACCATGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGTACACTTGAATGCGCACG TGGTACACTTGAATGCGCACG
3 12 6
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC
TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ACCGTGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
TGGCACACTTGAATGCGCACG | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
mutation TGGCACACTTGAATGCGCACG
mutation
ACCATGTGAACTTACGCGTGC ACCATGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGTACACTTGAATGCGCACG TGGTACACTTGAATGCGCACG
mutation mutation mutation mutation
3 12 6 The more similar the DNA is between 2 individuals,
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGTGTGC the more similar will be the sizes of the fragments
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | of DNA.
TGGCACACTTGAATGCACACG
3 18
ACCGTGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGCACACTTGAATGCGCACG
mutation
21
ACCATGTGAACTTACGCGTGC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TGGTACACTTGAATGCGCACG
mutation mutation
2
4
Step 2. Put the DNA fragments on a gel. Step 2. Put the DNA fragments on a gel.
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
Step 3. Apply electric current to the gel.
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
long long
fragments fragments
short short
fragments fragments
1 2 3 4
long 1 2 3 4
fragments 3 3 3 3
18 15 12 18
20 20 20 20
20 20 22 20
36 36 35 36
42 42 42 42
44 44 49 44
60 60 60 60
short 66 70 63
63
fragments
1 2 3 4
Step 4. Compare the bands
blood
from a
crime
scene
1 2 3 4
blood blood
from a from
crime a
scene suspect