Design and Implementation of Welding with Electromagnetic

Trailing Peening Control Circuit

Lu Meijiu,Ma Yuejin, Zhao Jianguo,Li Jianchang, Hao jianjun
College of Mechanical Electronical and Engineering
Agricultural University of Hebei
Baoding, 071001, China
lumeijiu@sina.com


Abstract-In order to eliminate welding stress and improve
the quality of welding.The technology of constant
frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) is applied in
the design of control circuit of welding with trailing
peening.AT89C52 is the core of the circuit.This systemby
the BCD dial provide reference voltage to the single-chip,
by controlling the device of trailing peening to achieve the
controlling of peening force. By changing the input
voltage of V/F voltage frequency converter LM331 to
achieve adjusting of peening frequency.The experiment
has proved that circuit is reliable, and easy to achieve
self-governed adjusting of peening force and peening
frequency in welding.
Key words-welding with trailing peening; single chip ;
peening force ; peening frequenc
I. INTRODUCTION
Welding is a process that local was heated and
cooled rapid. There are inhomogeneous temperature
and strain field in Welder that was caused by welding
and will give rise to a larger piece of welding residual
strain[1]. In recent years developed a new welding
technology that was welding with trailing peening, Its
advantages is that equipment is simple, operation is
flexible, efficiency is high.welding with trailing
peening not only can prevent welding hot cracking but
also control longitudinal or transverse shrinkage
effectively[2].
With the hammering from the welding of the
research point of view. In the actuality of welding with
trailing peening,a lot of peening method can not
accurately and independently adjust the peening force
and peening frequency ,but it is very important impact
to welding quality that are magnitude of peening force
and high low peening frequency.Effective control of
the peening force and peening frequency, not only
eliminate the welding residual stress, but also make the
seam thinning and evenly after peening. So it is the key
to the entire device that the control system design,
particular the peening force and peening frequency
accurately adjust.
At present, the circuit of thyristor frequency
modulation voltage regulation and the power amplified
circuit of technology of constant frequency pulse are
more applicated.The first include unidirectional
thyristor (SCR) control circuit and gate turn-off
thyristor (GTO) control circuit.The first can adjust the
voltage of electromagnetic hammer;the second can
adjust frequency and voltage,but can not independently
adjust[3].In order to adjust accurately independently
adjustment of frequency and voltage,control circuit
was designed based on system that was controlled by
single-chip.Firt this circuit used single-chip to export
current signal,applied the technology of constant
frequency pulse to make the current of electromagnetic
hammer waved around the given value.So that it can
adjust stably to peeening force of electromagnetic
hammer.Second this circuit changed the input voltage
of LM331 to achieve the stepless adjustment lev of
peening frequency.
II. THE DESIGN OF OVERALL CONTROL SYSTEM
CIRCUIT
In order to adjust accurately independently
adjustment of frequency and voltage, control circuit
was designed .For the adjustment of peening force, we
changed the current of winding under the number of
turns fixed.That according to the peeening force have
direct ratio with the square of coil current. For the
adjustment of peening frequency , we changed the input
voltage of V/F LM331 to produce Pulse frequency,so
that changed the time of cutting off to adjust peening
frequency. The circuit system include Output circuit of
reference voltage, ecircuit on comparative
amplification,driving circuit, and so on, control system
block diagram is as follows.

2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation
978-0-7695-3583-8/09 $25.00 2009 IEEE
DOI 10.1109/ICMTMA.2009.192
361

III. DESIGN OF THE CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR PEENING
FORCE
A. Hardware Circuit
1) Reference voltage output circuit
Figure 2 shows that, data port P0.0-P0.7 of Single-
chip connected with data input D0-D7 of 0832, P1.0-
P1.3 connected with the NAND gate 7400, 7400 and
BCD dial connection. P3.0 connected with
CS
, P3.1
connected with write control tip
1 WR
of 0832,
2 WR

XFER
of 0832 ground.P3.0 was used to choose
the 0832 chip, when P3.0 = 1, 0832 strobe-chip,
closing the contrary. 0832 chip was open, if not
closing. 0832 for the importation P3.1 of SCM input
write strobe of register to 0832, When
1 WR
=0
ILE=1
CS
=0, data signal was latched to the first 8-
bit input register. Reference voltage of D/A was
connected with Iout1, Iout2.


2) Control circuit of constant frequency pulsewidth
modulation (PWM)
To provide single-chip 20 kHz square-wave
frequency, voltage reference V
in
. Voltage reference
was allocated through the BCD input to single-chip,
single-chip output digital signal to 0832, This digital
signal is transformed from D/A conversion equipment
to analog voltage by the commutating and filtering
circuitry. DAC0832 usually connect with operation
amplifier to carry out current-voltage conversion.
The 20 KHZ square wave given by the singlechip
was given to CLK pin of D flip-flops to achieve
constant frequency pulse width modulationPWM.
The voltage Ve of resistance R
16
reflected the
waveform of current in coils. circuit on comparative
amplification compared the input voltage Vin with the
voltage after low-pass filtering. such as graph 3

When the reference voltage is constant and rising
level of the clock signal given by the single chip arrive,
the D trigger is set 1 and output high level, then
through the driving circuit, the switch device is on
state, the current of winding L begin to rise. When the
current rise to some degree, \`\`u uud tl
omuuto `'' outut 'o 'v', :o the D
trigger is reset. Then the D trigger output low level, the
switch device is cut off and the current i of winding L
will fall. When the current fall to some degree, \ \`u
uud tl omuuto `'' outut l`_l 'v'.
"lu uxt rising level o Cl :`_uu' u`v,
tl D trigger is set 1 again and output high level,
make the switch device on-state and the current of
winding L rising. In this way, the current of the
electromagnetic hammer loop will wave in the
invariable rage so constant current chopping realized.
When the reference voltage changes, the current of the
electromagnetic hammer loop will wave in a new
invariable rage to realize new constant current
chopping. In a word, the current of the loop will
change along with the reference voltage and that the
change of current will lead to the change of peening
force. In this way, adjusting peening force can be
carried out by adjusting the reference voltage.

Figure 2. output circuit of reference voltage
B
C
D

i
n
p
u
t

v
o
l
t
a
g
e

r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e

S
i
n
g
l
e
c
h
i
p

V/Foutput
frequency
Circuit on
comparative
amplification
D/A
D
r
i
v
i
n
g

C
i
r
c
u
i
t
S
w
i
t
c
h

E
l
e
m
e
n
t
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c

h
a
m
m
e
r
S
a
m
p
l
i
n
g

C
i
r
c
u
i
t

Power Supply
Figure .1 control system block diagram
Figure 3 controlcircuitof constant frequency pulsewidth
modulation (PWM)
362
B. Software Design of Single-chip
The whole program is written by compilation
language in Keil Environment.The design of program
includes initializtion,program segment for BCD dial
reading the digitalinterruption subroutine,and so on.
The main reference here to introduce control of the
hammering force reference voltage input process.
\OD lO| 3|
S|H! lO| ?|
Tl\ lO| !l
ST\0l lO| 0l
ST/lT: /C/ ll/DbCD
/C/ |SOllSlT
HO\ DlTl, -/DC083?
HO\ /, S|H!
HO\C /,/DlTl
HO\ \OD, /
/C/ "l083?
ll/DbCD: HO\ l0, -0ll|
HO\ l!, l0
HO\ /, l!
/\ /, -0l|
HO\ ST\0l, /
HO\ l0, -0l|
HO\ l!, l0
HO\ /, l!
/\ /, -0l|
HO\ Tl\, /
llT
|SOllSlT: HO\ /, ST\0l
HO\ b, Tl\
/DD /, b
HO\ S|H!, /
llT
"l083?: HO\ l0, -00
Cl l3.0
SlTb l3.!
HO\ l0, \OD
Cl l3.!
SlTb l3.!
SlTb l3.0
HO\ l0, -00
llT
IV. DESIGN OF THE CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR PEENING
FREQUENC
Having the excellent performance of driving by
voltage, low power need for controlling, high
switching frequency and so on, Power MOSFET which
act as an power electronic equipment become an ideal
device in high frequency applications. TLP250 act as
the power MOSFET to drive IC in the paper, which
have the advantages of isolation of input and output,
wide range of operating voltage, fast speed of the
switch and so on[4]. V/F LM331 is used to output
rectangular wave to 4081.Because the parameters R
t
,
C
t
, R
L
, C
L
and R s of the peripheral circuit is
determined, output frequency f has direct ratio
relations with input voltage V
i
, that V/F transform is
realized. The relationships is f=V
i
Rs/1.9(R
L
, R
t
, C
t
)
[5].
As figure 4 shows, V/FLM331, D flip-flop 4013,
and gate 4081 and TLP250 constitute the driver circuit
of frequency adjustment and Power MOSFET. When
the rising edge of 20kHz rectangular wave arrive, the
4013 output high level to pin 1 of the 4081; pin 7 of
the LM331 is input an adjustable voltage, that pin 3
can output different rectangular wave to pin 2 of the
4081 by adjusting voltage. When the rising edge of the
rectangular wave which is input on pin 2 of the 4081
arrive, pin 3 of the 4081 output high level. At the
moment, TLP250 is on-state and it drives the Power
MOSFET to be on-state. The frequency of the signal
on pin 2 of the 4081 is same as the threshold frequency
of the Power MOSFET, so adjusting the input
frequency that means adjusting the input voltage of the
LM331 can achieve the goal to adjust the on-off
frequency of electromagnetic hammer.

V. CONCLUSION
1. Peening force and peening frequency can be
adjusted separately, don't influence each other.
2. Either driving high power MOSFET or isolating
driving circuit and main circuit effectively that
efficiently avoid the interference signal transmitting to
control level is realized by using TLP250 driving the
integrated circuit.
3. Structured design is used in the software system
that make it has the advantage of maintainability well.
Figure 4.LM331 circuit of adjusting frequency
363
By testing, either the software or the hardware of the
system has stable operation and high accuracy.
4. The hardware design of single-chip minimum
system of AT89C52 combining with software
programming, and being able to adjust the parameter of
peening, make operation flexible and convenient.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to thank grateful the Natural
Science Foundation of Hebei province for its financial
support. The number of the fund is E2006000528.

REFERENCES
[1] zhang-pingchang qu-shiyao zou-zengda wang-xinhong han-bin.
Manufacture of New Equipment Applied to Relieving Residual
Stress [J]. Shandong Machinery,2003,6: 43-46.
[2] XU Wen li; LI Ming; LIU Xue song; TIAN Xi tang. Dynamic
low stress-little distortion-hot crackfree welding technology by
trailing peening [J]. Material Science and Technology,,2001,9(1): 7-
10.
[3]zhaojianguo. Study on Control System of Welding with Trailing
Peening by Electromagnetic Hammer [D],bao ding:Hebei
Agricultural University,2006.
[4] Li Hong. devices of power electronics equipments and Integrated
Circuit application guide[M].BeiJing:Electrotechnical
Journal,2003,(01).
[5] WANG Yu-feng; HE Fei; LIU Yu-gang; SUN Xiu-fen.
Experience of Application of LM331 in the A/D Converted Circuit
[J]. Journal of Electron Devices,2004,273: 453-455.













































364