Vz

g'
G1ln'rn,,r r7r.,il; frbn Y',r i i '- i
"'r
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,laAlrA-
I Otrtline soluuons io EEE2006 (June t996)
Ser br B Cirambers. 2.ni reider J C Bem:n
'

il l. The rvording oIrhrs quesion is known in advance by the srudents. The mrterial
requireC ro ars\\,er this quesion is not covered in lecturesbut is the subject of directed
re3d1ng.

n 2. (a) Receir,'er ciencoulator is simple and hence cheap

lvlost of the traasm.ined po'tver is in the carrier and so is wasted
n identical infornation is can-ied in each sideband so bandrvidth is w'asted

t (b) (i) Q.A-\l outDut signal is of tire form x(t)=m1(t) cos roJ + me(t) sin cr"t

n
5
t
fl
m
t ii r S
f. rlr- t.^oi.
I!v!I\'!r ." rn ;i 15
r I I \ rJ
ul\Lrt '.\'.r.ri
Irvv!!rss hv
u-!
\U,/ U!

2 rri(t) .osz ct.t = 2 m:(t) sin.Jci cos oct = mi(r) + m1(t) cos 2o.t + m2(t) cos 1c:.t

This can be lorv-pass fiitereC io r3cover ml(t)

m2(t) can be recovered froci

2 mi(t) cos c)ct sin o"t ' 2 m2r.t) sin2 cc.t = ml(t) cos 2ur"t - m2(t) - m2(t) cos 2r,l.t

This can be low-pass fiitered io recover m2(t)

(in) LO in the demoduiator: is of the form cos [ (clc + Ao)t + I 1

I{ence recovery of m1(t) is from

fmt(t) cos co.t + mr(t) sin or.t I cosf (oc + Acrl)t + 0 ] 2

Expanding gives

2 m1(t) cos cDct fcos co.t cos Acot cos 0 -sin o"t sin Aott cos 0 -sin 0 sin cl.t cos Aclt -JU 0 cos
rr:at sin Jc,ltl
 +2rn}ft)sinro"t[coso.tcosAaltcos0-sinor.tsinAcotcos0-sin0sinoctcosAot-sin0
cos oct sin Aot]

Aft er lorv-p ass filterin_s

NI1(t): m1(t) cos Arot cos e - ml(t) sin Aot sin 0 -m2(t) sin Acot cos 0 - m2(t) cos Arrrt sin 0 .?
F{ence }I1(t) : mt(t) cos (Arrrt + e) - m2(t) sin (Aot + 0)
i.s. nmplitude, frequencv and phase distortion. Onlli imponant for digital ml(t), then only if
iarge.

3. (c) lst sidebands disappear w.hen J1(B) = 0 i.e. p = 3.832

Then carrier ampiitude cc Jg(3.832) = - 0..t

..-(z
I'
2nd sideband amplitude c J2(3.832):0.+

When carrier is unmodulated V, Vc I (2 50) = 1gO W. Hence Vc : 100 V

WAen F : 3.832 carrier porver: Ug (3.832)12 100 = 16 W .;-

Hence- power in remeining sidebands = 100 - 16 : 8.1 W -i-
Power in 2nd sidebands: ? 100 [J1(3.832)]2 = 32W ,,-
.tfi-
a. (a) C - gfunrnel capaciry in bitVsec. B = bandlvidth in IIz. S : signal polver in W, N : noise
power in W.

Hartley Shannou represents an upper limit on performance.

(a\J (b) c = B lo-e2 (1 + slN) : B lo-sr ( t'SilB)

log2 (x) : lo-es (x) / log* (2): l.143log. (x)

Hence C: 1.443 B log. (l = SiqB)

As B -+ m, S/r1B -+ 0
I

Tlren C -> 1.443 SiqB bits / sec

(c) (i) Minimum bandwidth = 2 x 44.1 : 88.2 kl{z 2
(ii) Number of quantisation levels q= 216

SA{ = ,2 = 232 fl
C = 83.2 x 103 x 1og2 0 + 232',x 2.3221r.VI bits i sec 3
 D
u

' (li) SA{ = to lo*e1g e32):96.33 dB ?

Ov'ersampling eases the desisr of the lolv-pass filter since the skirts can be made less steep and
hence less frlter elements are required (hence cheaper to manufacture) 3

e-

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