Atlas of DR - Alaa&Dr

ATLAS OF
EYELIDS
OPHTHALMOLOGY
LACRIMAL
By
CONJUNCTIVA
ALAA EL DORGHAMY
& CORNEA
MOHAMAD EL SADANY
SCLERA
Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology LENS
Faculty of Medicine
Tanta University
THE EYELIDS
MENU
THE EYELIDS
NORMAL ANATOMY
MENU
THE EYELIDS
NORMAL ANATOMY
MENU
THE EYELIDS
NORMAL ANATOMY
MENU
THE EYELIDS
NORMAL ANATOMY
MENU
THE EYELIDS
MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS
Congenital entropion
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Involutional (senile) entropion

MENU
THE EYELIDS
Cicatricial entropion
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Congenital ectropion
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Involutional (senile) lower lid ectropion

MENU
THE EYELIDS
Mechanical ectropion
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Cicatricial lower lid ectropion

MENU
THE EYELIDS
paralytic ectropion
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID RETRACTION (dysthyroid eye)
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID RETRACTION (dysthyroid eye)
✦ Lid retraction can be better assessed in downgaze.

MENU
THE EYELIDS
PTOSIS
✦ Right ptosis and apparent retraction of the contralateral

upper lid due to increased neuronal stimulation of this
levator.
MENU
THE EYELIDS
PTOSIS
Congenital ptosis
MENU
THE EYELIDS
PTOSIS
Right involutional ptosis.

MENU
THE EYELIDS
PTOSIS
Paralytic ptosis (III nerve palsy)

MENU
THE EYELIDS
PTOSIS
Horner’s syndrome (sympathetic paralysis)

MENU
THE EYELIDS
PTOSIS
Marcus Gunn (Jaw-winking ) ptosis.

MENU
THE EYELIDS
PTOSIS
Ocular myopathy
MENU
THE EYELIDS
(Dermatochalasis)
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID CYSTS AND INFILTRATIONS
Horduolum enternum
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Chalazion
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Cyst of moll
MENU
THE EYELIDS
A cyst of Zeis
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Sebaceous cysts
MENU
THE EYELIDS
Xanthelasma
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
squamous papilloma
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Seborrhoeic keratosis
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Actinic or solar keratosis

MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
A keratoanthoma
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Haemangiomas
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Neurofibroma
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Basal cell carcinoma (rodent ulcer )
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Basal cell carcinomas spread by direct

extension
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Squamous cell carcinoma

MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Malignant melanoma
MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
Meibomian gland carcinoma

MENU
THE EYELIDS
EYELID TUMOURS
The more generalized form of meibomian

gland carcinoma
MENU
THE EYELIDS
TISSUE DEFICIENCY
Epicanthic folds
MENU
THE EYELIDS
TISSUE DEFICIENCY
Blepharophimosis
MENU
THE EYELIDS
TISSUE DEFICIENCY
A Congenital lid coloboma

MENU
TRAUMA THE EYELIDS
TISSUE DEFICIENCY
Full thickness loss of eyelid tissue, as in this

case following a caustic burn
MENU
THE EYELIDS
TISSUE DEFICIENCY
Avulsion of the lower eyelid

MENU
THE EYELIDS
TISSUE DEFICIENCY
Upper lid lacerations lacerations

MENU
THE LACRIMAL
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
MENU
THE LACRIMAL DRAINAGE SYSTEM
APPLIED ANATOMY
Anatomy of the lacrimal drainage system

MENU
PHYSIOLOGY
Physiology of the lacrimal pump mechanism
MENU
PHYSIOLOGY
Increased marginal strip stained with fluorescein

MENU
PROBING
Hard stop ; right : soft stop
MENU
JONES DYE TESTING
● Jones dye testing. Top : primary test, bottom: secondary test

MENU
DACRYOCYSTOGRAM
● Right dacryocystogram showing free flow of contrast

medium into the nose despite mild stenosis of the common
canaliculus.
MENU
DACRYOCYSTOGRAM
● Bilateral dacryocystogram. Right shows some irregularioty

of the common canaliculus , although contrast medium
passes through an otherwise patent lacrimal system. Left
shows complete obstruction high in the sac.
MENU
PUNCTAL DILATATION
Technique of dilating the inferior punctum

MENU
PUNCTAL SURGERY
● Two-snip procedure for punctal stenosis: (a) vertical cut; (b)

horizontal cut; (C) final result . MENU
PUNCTAL ECTROPION
Punctal stenosis due to mild eversion

MENU
CONGENETAL NASOLACRIMAL DUCT OBSTRUCTION
● Sticky eye due to delayed canalization of the nasolacrimal

duct . MENU
ACUTE DACRYOSTITIS
● Acute dacryostitis secondary to delayed canalization of the

nasolacrimal duct MENU
PROBING OF THE NASOLACRIMAL DUCT
Technique of probing of the nasolacrimal duct

MENU
DACRYOCYSISTORHINOSTOMY
Technique of dacryocysistorhinostomy
MENU
CANALICULITIS
● Oedema of the left canaliculus due to chronic

canaliculitis
MENU
CHRONIC CANALICULITIS
● Pouting of the punctum in the patient with

chronic canaliculitis. MENU
CHRONIC CANALICULITIS
● Expressed concretions in a patient with

chronic canaliculitis . MENU
ACUTE DACRYOCYSTITIS
MENU
ACUTE DACRYOCYSTITIS
● Distension of the lacrimal in a patient with acute

dacryocystitis. MENU
CHRONIC DACRYOCYSTITIS
● Mucocele in a patient with chronic

dacryocystitis MENU
CHRONIC DACRYOCYSTITIS
● Expression of mucopurulent material in a

patient with chronic dacryocystitis. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
ANATOMY
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CONJUNCTIVAL INFLAMMATION
Conjunctival follicles
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
❒ Conjunctival papillae involving the upper

tarsal conjunctiva. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Severe chemosis MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
Scaming of the inferior forniceal conjunctiva

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Conjunctival pseudomembrane MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
Removal of a conjunctival pseudomembrane

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS
❒ Severe crusting of the eyelids in bacterial

conjunctivitis MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
❒ Mucopurulent discharge in bacterial conjunctivitis

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
❒ Purulent discharge in adult gonococcat conjunctivitis.

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
VIRAL CONJUNCTIVITIS
❒ Superior tarsal injection and follicles in severe

adenoviral conjunctivitis. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
❒ Subconjunctival haemorrhages in severe adenociral

conjunctivitis. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
❒ Conjunctival pseudomembrane in severe adenoviral

conjunctivitis. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Adenoviral keratitis MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
Adenoviral keratitis
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
HERPES SIMPLEX CONJUNCTIVITIS
Herpes simplex biepharoconjunctivitis

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
CHLAMYDIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS (TRACHOMA)
● Large follicles in the inferior fornix fomix in adult chlamydial

conjunctivitis . MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Follicles and papillae on the superior tarsal

conjunctiva in early active trachoma MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Follicles involving the superior palpebral conjunctiva

in adult chlamydial conjunctivits . MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Marginal infiltrates in adut chlamydial conjunctivitis

(HERBERT ROSETTES ) MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Superior micropannus in longstanding chlamydial

conjunctivitis . MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Scarring of upper tarsal conjunctiva (Arlt line ) in

chronic trachoma. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Herbert pits in trachoma

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Trichiasis and comeal vascularization in advanced

trachoma. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Entropoin of the upper eyelid in advanced trachoma.

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS
● Milky appearance of the conjunctiva in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis .

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS
● Conjunctival hyperaemia and diffuse papillary hypertrophy of

the superior tarsal conjunctiva in mild vernal conjunctivitis .
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Giant ‘cobblestone‘ papillae on the superior tarsal

conjunctiva in severe vernal conjunctivits . MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Giant papillae and copious mucus on the superior

tarsus in advanced vernal conjunctivitis. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Gelatinous superior limbal elevations with overlying

fine white plaques (Trantas dots) in vernal limbitis.
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Punctate epitheliopathy stained with fluorescein, in

vernal disease. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Marcroerosion stained with fluorescein in vernal disease.

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Corneal plaque in vernal disease

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Subepithelial scarring in vernal disease.

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Supratarsal injection of steroid in severe vernal MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
The three layers of the precorneal tear film MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
● Function of the mucin layer Left : in mucin defiency, the aqueous layer
(blue) cannot wet the corneal epithelium,; right : a normal amount of mucin
(red) enables wetting of the corneal epithelium by the aqueous layer (blue).
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
Punctate epitheliopathy in keratoconjunctivitis sicca

(Stained with rose bengal).
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
Corneal filaments in keratoconjunctivi\it is sicca

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
Break-up of the tear film . MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
● Mild staining of the conjunctiva with rose bengal in

keratoconjunctivitis sicca . MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
● Extensive staining with rose bengal in keratoconjunctivitis

sicca . MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
DRY EYE
Schirmer test
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
CONJUNTIVAL DEGENERATION
Pinguecula MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Early pterygium MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
Established pterygium
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Advanced pterygium
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Pseudopterygium
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Conjunctival concretions (PTCs)

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Conjunctival retention cyst

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
PIGMENTED CONJUNTIVAL LESIONS
Conjunctival epithelial melanosis

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
BIGMENTED CONJUNTIVAL LESIONS
Melanosis around an intrascleral nerve

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
BIGMENTED CONJUNTIVAL LESIONS
Deposits of mascara in the inferior fornix

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Conjunctival adrenochrome deposits

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Congenital subepithelial melanocytosis

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
PIGMENTED CONJUNCTIVAL LESIONS
Non-pigmented conjunctival naevus

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Pigmented conjunctival neavus

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Naevus of the caruncle MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
CONJUNCTIVAL MELANOMA
Primary conjunctival melanoma

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Non-pigmented conjunctival melanoma

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Pigmented conjunctival melanoma MENU

THE CONJUNCTIVA
NON-PIGMENTED CONJUNCTIVAL TUMOURS
Multiple pedunculated conjunctival papillomas

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Sessile conjunctival papilloma

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Large juxtalimbal conjuctival papilloma

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Large juxtalimbal conjunctival papillome

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Conjunctival intraepithelial hyperplasia

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva invading

the cornea. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Large squamous cell carcinoma of the

conjunctiva. MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
● Very extensive squamous cell carcinoma of the

conjunctiva inading the cornea . MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Dermoid of the right eye

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Dermoid
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Lipodermoid
MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Comjunctival kaposi sarcoma

MENU
THE CONJUNCTIVA
Conjunctival lymphoma
MENU
THE CORNEA
MENU
THE CORNEA
APPLIED CORNEAL ANATOMY
MENU
THE CORNEA
CLINICAL SIGNS OF CORNEAL DISEASE
Punctate epithelial erosions- unstaind

MENU
THE CORNEA
Punctate epithelial erosions stained with flurescein

MENU
THE CORNEA
Conrneal epithelial edema

MENU
THE CORNEA
Bullous keratopathy MENU

THE CORNEA
Corneal filaments and mucus plaques stained with rose

MENU
THE CORNEA
Punctate epithelial keratitis

MENU
THE CORNEA
Corneal pannus
MENU
THE CORNEA
Stromal infitrate
MENU
THE CORNEA
Stromal infitrate
MENU
THE CORNEA
Stromal Vascularization
MENU
THE CORNEA
SPECULAR MICROSCOPE
❑ Top: specular microscope; bottom: appearance

of the normal endothelium . MENU
THE CORNEA
CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY
❑ Corneal map showing a normal, spherical in an

absolute scale ranging from 34 to 540 with 1D intervals
MENU
THE CORNEA
CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY
❑ Relative scale corneal maps showing advanced

keratoconus in the right eye ana an early paracentral
cone in the left . ` MENU
THE CORNEA
MICROBIAL KERATITIS
❑ Small corneal infiltrate in early bacteria keratitis .

MENU
THE CORNEA
MICROBIAL KERATITIS
❑ Large corneal infitrate in bacterial keratitis .

MENU
THE CORNEA
MICROBIAL KERATITIS
❑ Severe staphylococcal keratitis

MENU
THE CORNEA
MICROBIAL KERATITIS
❑ Advanced staphylococcal keratitis

MENU
THE CORNEA
MICROBIAL KERATITIS
❑ Severe pseudomonas keratitis with hypopyon .

MENU
THE CORNEA
MICROBIAL KERATITIS
❑ Very advanced pseudomonas keratitis

MENU
THE CORNEA
FUNGAL KERATITIS
❑ Filamentous fungal keratitis

MENU
THE CORNEA
FUNGAL KERATITIS
❑ Advanced filamentous fungal keratitis with surrounding

infiltrateds .
MENU
THE CORNEA
FUNGAL KERATITIS
❑ Advanced filamentous fungal with hypopyon

MENU
THE CORNEA
ACANTHAMOEBA KERATITIS
❑ Anterior stromal infitrates in acanthamoeba keratitis

MENU
THE CORNEA
ACANTHAMOEBA KERATITIS
❑ Ring abscess and hypopyon

MENU
THE CORNEA
INTERSTITIAL KERATITIS
❑ Stromal scarring in old interstitial keratitis

MENU
THE CORNEA
HERPES SIMPLEX KERATITIS
❑ Blepharoconjunctivitis in primary herpes herpes

simplex infection .
MENU
THE CORNEA
❑ Early dendritic ulcer

MENU
THE CORNEA
❑ Small dendritic ulcer stained with fluorescein

MENU
THE CORNEA
❑ Large dendritic ulcer stained with fluorescein .

MENU
THE CORNEA
❑ Geogragraphic ulcer stained with fluorescein .

MENU
THE CORNEA
❑ Stromal necrotic keratitis in herpes simplex .

MENU
THE CORNEA
❑ Advanced stromal necrotic keratitis in herpes simplex

.
MENU
THE CORNEA
❑ Disciform keratitis showing stromal thickening and

keratic precipitates .
MENU
THE CORNEA
HERPES ZOSTER .
MENU
DISEASES OF THE SCLERA
AND EPISCLERA
MENU
DISEASES OF THE SCLERA AND EPISCLERA
ANATOMY
MENU
ANATOMY
✦ Applied anatomy of the anterior vascular coats in relation to

episcleritis and scleritis.
MENU
INFLAMMATION
Nodular episcleritis
MENU
INFLAMMATION
Nodular episcleritis
MENU
INFLAMMATION
Simple sectorial episcleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION
Nodular anterior scleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION
Simple diffuse episcleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION
Diffuse anterior scleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION
Nodular non-necrotizing anterior scleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION
Necrotizing anterior scleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION

MENU
INFLAMMATION

MENU
INFLAMMATION
Avacular patch in early necrotizing scleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION
✦ Thinning following resolution of an anterior diffuse

necrotizing scleritis.
MENU
INFLAMMATION
Sclerokeratitis
MENU
INFLAMMATION
Scleromalacia perforans
MENU
INFLAMMATION
✦ Scleral necrosis in necrotizing anterior scleritis

MENU
INFLAMMATION
✦ Advanced scleral necrosis in necrotizing anterior

scleritis. MENU
INFLAMMATION
Advanced scleromalacia
MENU
INFLAMMATION
✦Subretinal exudation in posterior scleritis.

MENU
INFLAMMATION
✦ This eye was enucleated for glaucoma secondary to sclerkeratitis.
MENU
INFLAMMATION
✦ CT scan showing right posterior scleral thickening in posterior

scleritis MENU
Ultrasonogram in severe posterior scleritis showing

scleral thickening, and fluid in sub-Tenon space
which gives rise to the characterisitc’T’ sign
MENU
THE LENS
MENU
THE LENS
THE NORMAL LENS, ITS DEVELOPMENT
MENU
THE LENS
MENU
THE LENS
❐ The lens in the aged is greatly increased in sagittal width compared with
that in childhood .
MENU
THE LENS
❐ This histological section shows the anterior surface of the lens near
to the equator .
MENU
THE LENS
Lens fibers are hexagonal in shape and lie in layers

rather like the skin of an onion .
MENU
THE LENS
MENU
THE LENS
Marfan’s syndrome is a dominantly inherited disorder which affects the eye,

skeleton and cardiovascular system and is due to a deficiency of fibrillin, a
component of the microfibrillary system associated with elastin and encoded on
chromosome 15 q . The lens tends to dislocate upwards (in contrast to
homocystinuria).
MENU
THE LENS
ABNORMAL POSITION
Lens subluxation
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
✦This diagram illustrates the different morphological characteristics of

cataract together with their depth and location within the lens. The
following illustrations demonstrate clinical examples of these
anatomical entities. MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Capsular cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Subcapsular Catarct
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Subcapsular Catarct
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Senile posterior subcapsular cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Senile posterior subcapsular cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Traumatic cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
punctate cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Coronary cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Coronary cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Nuclear Cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
lamellar cataract ( zonular cataract )
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
lamellar cataract ( zonular cataract )
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Nuclear
Cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Nuclear Cataract (brown cataract)

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Posterior Subcapsular Cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Mature Senile Cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Intumescent Cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Hypermature cataract (morgagnian cataract)
MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Unilateral Congenital Cataract Childhood

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital lameller cataract MENU

THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital nuclear cataract MENU

THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital nuclear cataract MENU

THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital lamellar cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital lamellar cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital sutural cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital anteruir polar cataract MENU

THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital anterior polar pyramidal cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital anterior polar cataract and persistent

pupillary membrane MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital posterior polar cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Congenital blue dot opacities

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Membranous Cataract MENU

THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Coloboma of the lens MENU

THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Posterior lenticouns
MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Anterior lenticonus
MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Microphakia
MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
● Microspherophakic lens dislocated into the anterior

chamber MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Upward lens subluxation in Marfan syndrome

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Upward lens subluxation in Marfan syndrome

MENU
THE LENS
CONGENITAL CATARACT
Inferior lens subluxation in homocysteinuria

MENU
THE LENS
SURGERY OF CONGENITAL CATARACT
Lensectomy-vitrectomy
MENU
THE LENS
Use of intraocular scissors and forceps

MENU
THE LENS
(a) : advanced congenital cataract; (b): appearance

after lensectomy. MENU
THE LENS
POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
● Capsular opacification following congenital

cataract surgery. MENU
THE LENS
POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
● Soemmerring ring following congenital cataract

surgery. MENU
THE LENS
COMPLICATIONS OF CATARACT SURGERY
Aphakic Glasses
MENU
THE LENS
Corneal Edema
MENU
THE LENS
After Cataract
● Soft lens matter remains the anterior chamber following inadequate
removal of cortex
MENU
THE LENS
Pupillary distortion
● Vitreous loss with entrapment in the wound and distortion of the
pupil.
MENU
THE LENS
Uveitis
MENU
THE LENS
Iris Prolapse
MENU
THE LENS
Astigmatism
MENU
THE LENS
Opicified posterior capsule

MENU
THE LENS
Yag laser capsulotomy

MENU
THE LENS
Decentralization of intraocular lens
MENU
THE LENS
Iris capture of a posterior chamber implant

MENU
THE LENS
Posterior Synechiae
MENU
THE LENS
Cystoid Macular Edema
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Anterior subcapsular cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Nuclear catarct
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Nuclear cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Advanced cortical cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Mature cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
● Hypermature cataract with wrinkling of the anterior

lens capsule
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Morgagnian cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Diabetic cataract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Anterior Subcapsular Cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Posterior subcapsular cataract

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Mature catract
MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Cataract caused by severe penetrating trauma

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Vossious ring after severe blunt trauma

MENU
THE LENS
CATARACT
Flower-shaped cataract caused by severe blunt trauma

MENU
THE LENS
SEONDARY CATARACT
● Anterior subcapsular opacities in chronic anterior uveitis.

MENU
THE LENS
SEONDARY CATARACT
● Advanced cataract and posterior synechiae in chronic

anterior uveitis
MENU
THE LENS
SEONDARY CATARACT
● Anterior capsular opacity following acute angle-closure

glaucoma (glaukomflecken).
MENU
THE LENS
MANAGEMENT OF CATARACT
Extracapsular cataract extraction extraction

MENU
THE LENS
Extracapsular cataract extraction

MENU
THE LENS
Phacoemulsificatication
MENU
THE LENS
Nuclear material in the vitreous

MENU
THE LENS
lris prolapse
MENU
THE LENS
Striate keratopathy following cataract extraction

MENU
THE LENS
Very severe keratopathy following cataract extraction

MENU
THE LENS
Fibrinous exudation in severe acute endophthalmitis

MENU
THE LENS
Fibrinous exudation and hypopyon in severe acute

endophthalmitis .
MENU
THE LENS
Vitreous haze in acute endophthalmitis

MENU
THE LENS
Small hypopyon
MENU
THE LENS
Retained lens material in the anterior chamber

MENU
THE LENS
fibrosis of the posterior capsule

MENU
THE LENS
Technique of Nd : YAG laser capsulotomy

MENU
THE LENS
Decentration of a posterior chamber intraocular implant

MENU
THE LENS
● Severe keratopathy caused by an anterior chamber

intraocular implant
MENU
THE LENS
Late dislocation of a posterior chamber intraocular implant

(sunset syndrome)
MENU
THE LENS
Mutton-fat keratic precipitates in chronic postoperative

endophthalmitis
MENU
THE LENS
●White plaque on the posterior capsule in chronic postoperative

endophthalmitis
MENU

Atlas of DR - Alaa&Dr

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Atlas of DR - Alaa&Dr

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

ATLAS OF

MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS

Involutional (senile) entropion

MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS

MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS

Involutional (senile) lower lid ectropion

MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS

MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS

Cicatricial lower lid ectropion

MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS

EYELID RETRACTION (dysthyroid eye)

EYELID RETRACTION (dysthyroid eye)

✦ Lid retraction can be better assessed in downgaze.

✦ Right ptosis and apparent retraction of the contralateral

Right involutional ptosis.

Paralytic ptosis (III nerve palsy)

Horner’s syndrome (sympathetic paralysis)

Marcus Gunn (Jaw-winking ) ptosis.

EYELID CYSTS AND INFILTRATIONS

EYELID CYSTS AND INFILTRATIONS

EYELID CYSTS AND INFILTRATIONS

EYELID CYSTS AND INFILTRATIONS

EYELID CYSTS AND INFILTRATIONS

EYELID CYSTS AND INFILTRATIONS

Actinic or solar keratosis

Basal cell carcinoma (rodent ulcer )

Basal cell carcinomas spread by direct

Squamous cell carcinoma

Meibomian gland carcinoma

The more generalized form of meibomian

A Congenital lid coloboma

Full thickness loss of eyelid tissue, as in this

Avulsion of the lower eyelid

Upper lid lacerations lacerations

Anatomy of the lacrimal drainage system

Physiology of the lacrimal pump mechanism

Increased marginal strip stained with fluorescein

Hard stop ; right : soft stop

● Jones dye testing. Top : primary test, bottom: secondary test

● Right dacryocystogram showing free flow of contrast

● Bilateral dacryocystogram. Right shows some irregularioty

Technique of dilating the inferior punctum

● Two-snip procedure for punctal stenosis: (a) vertical cut; (b)

Punctal stenosis due to mild eversion

CONGENETAL NASOLACRIMAL DUCT OBSTRUCTION

● Sticky eye due to delayed canalization of the nasolacrimal

● Acute dacryostitis secondary to delayed canalization of the

PROBING OF THE NASOLACRIMAL DUCT

Technique of probing of the nasolacrimal duct

● Oedema of the left canaliculus due to chronic

● Pouting of the punctum in the patient with

● Expressed concretions in a patient with

● Distension of the lacrimal in a patient with acute

● Mucocele in a patient with chronic

● Expression of mucopurulent material in a

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CONJUNCTIVAL INFLAMMATION

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CONJUNCTIVAL INFLAMMATION

❒ Conjunctival papillae involving the upper

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CONJUNCTIVAL INFLAMMATION

Severe chemosis MENU

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CONJUNCTIVAL INFLAMMATION

Scaming of the inferior forniceal conjunctiva

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CONJUNCTIVAL INFLAMMATION