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LECTURE 8
Learning Objectives
Short term objectives:
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To be able to draw PFD and PID in Final Year Plant Design Project using computer aided design software (AUTOCAD).
To be able to draw/sketch, interpret and analyse PFD and PID in communicating your work as an engineer
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Lecture Objectives
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Lecture Contents
What is PFD and PID?
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Flow Diagrams
process industries:
oil, gas, petrochemical (OGP) pharmaceutical food and beverages environmental
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Flow Diagrams
The flow diagrams are divided into three categories: Block diagram Process flow diagram (PFD)
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Block Diagrams
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In the block diagrams, processes and/or process steps are shown as rectangularshape objects, interconnected by flow lines.
Block Diagram
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Block Diagrams
The objects may represent:
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processes process steps unit operations process plants plant sections equipment
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Block Diagram
The block diagram should consist of the following basic information: denomination of objects
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Block Diagram
The block diagram may also contain:
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Block Diagram
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Class Exercise
Construct a block diagram for this process. Biodiesel production:
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step, where phosphoric acid is added. In this step, potassium catalyst is neutralised by the acids and
forms potassium phosphate in solid phase. The solid potassium phosphate is recovered in Soild Separation. The liquid mixture of glycerol is then sent to another Methanol Recovery 2 unit, where methanol is recovered and recycled. Glycerol leaves as final by-product.
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Incorporating BS
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In the process flow diagram (PFD), processes and/or process plants are shown as graphical symbols, interconnected by flow lines. The graphical symbols represent equipment and the lines represent flows of mass or energy or energy carriers.
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denomination of flow directions and flow rates of process fluids between the process steps
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data of equipment
denomination of drives (e.g., gears, conveyors, belts, chains, cranes) and their characteristics elevation of platforms and approximate relative vertical position of equipment.
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The piping and instrument diagram (P&ID) is drawn based on the process flow diagram (PFD).
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The piping and instrument diagram should consist of the following basic information: function or type of equipment, including
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position of equipment
reference designation for valves and fittings denomination of equipment
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What is a Standard?
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A Standard is a published specification that establishes a common language, and contains a technical specification or other precise criteria and is designed to be used consistently, as a rule, a guideline, or a definition.
Source: British Standard Institution (BSI) Education
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avoid misunderstanding/confusion (such that we speak in the same language) expedite/accelerate the technical processes (drafting designing manufacturing) uphold professionalism in engineering field
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Common Standards
Two of the common standards used in this course are listed below: 1. British Standard (BS)
Hardcopy of symbols (BS EN ISO 10628:2001) is available at the IRC
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British Standard
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The British Standard is the official English language version of the European Standard (in German EUROPISCHE NORM or EN for
short).
In this case, EN ISO 10628:2001 is identical with ISO 10628:1997. The governing body is the British Standards Institution (BSI).
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British Standard
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Summary
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British Standards
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