BUSINESS STATISTICS

AFTERSCHO☺OL
– DEVELOPING CHANGE MAKERS
CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
PGPSE PROGRAMME –
World’ Most Comprehensive programme in social
entrepreneurship & spiritual entrepreneurship
OPEN FOR ALL FREE FOR ALL

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 BUSINESS STATISTICS
Dr. T.K. Jain.
AFTERSCHO☺OL
Centre for social entrepreneurship
Bikaner M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
www.afterschool.tk, www.afterschoool.tk
www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS
 What is the coefficient of mean
deviation on mean for the first 9
natural numbers?
• We can solve it as:
• As se can see the
mean is 5 and MD is
2.22
• =2.22/5 *100
• =44 answer.
www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's
X MD
1 4
2 3
3 2
4 1
5 0
6 1
7 2
8 3
9 4
MATERIAL 5 2.22
FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS
 If the mean and standard
deviations of X are AM and SD,
then what is standard deviation of
(X-AM)/SD?

• Let us take a hypothetical example: with

this example we can find that the answer
is 1. answer.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Solution ..
X DX DX^2      
1 -4 16 -1.5 -1.55 2.4
2 -3 9 -1.2 -1.16 1.35
3 -2 4 -0.8 -0.77 0.6
4 -1 1 -0.4 -0.39 0.15
5 0 0 0 0 0
6 1 1 0.39 0.387 0.15
7 2 4 0.77 0.775 0.6
8 3 9 1.16 1.162 1.35
9 4 16 1.55 1.549 2.4
5 0 6.67 0 1
sd =
www.afterschoool.tk 2.58
AFTERSCHO☺OL's sdFOR= PGPSE PARTICIPANTS 1
MATERIAL
If standard deviation of X is 3, what
is the variance of (5-2x)?
• Variance is square of standard deviation.
Thus variance of 2x is (2*3)^2 = 36
answer.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 X and Y are related by 2x+3y +4
=0. if standard deviation of X is 6,
what is the standard deviation of Y?
• If the standard deviation of X is 6, then
putting this we find:
• 12+3Y =0 (ignore constant).
• 3Y =-12
• Y = -4 (since in standard deviation, the
value is always positive; the answer is 4).

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 What is standard error?
• Standard deviation of sampling distribution
is called standard error.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 What is sample distribution?
• We can generate infinite sample
distribution from a population. These
distribution show the values drawn from
sample.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 What is relation between standard
error and population standard
error?

• Standard error = population standard

deviation / square root of sample size.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

There are 2 samples with means of
1500 and 1550. Standard
deviations are 50 and 60. Are these
samples different at 1% degree of
significance?
• Standard error = sqrt((1500/50) +(1550/60))
• =7.81
• Difference / SE = 50/7.81 = 6.4
• =the standard value is 2.58. thus these samples are
different (because their difference is more than
standard value).

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

We have carried out a test on boys
and girls in a school. The mean
scores are 75 and 70 and standard
deviations are 15 and 20. the
number of boys and girls is 150 and
200. is there a significant difference
in the two groups (at 5%)?

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Solution. .
• =sqrt((225/150)+(400/250))
• =1.76
• Difference / standard error
• =5/1.76
• =2.84
• Standard value is 1.96. This value is more
than standard value, therefore the groups
are significantly different. Answer.
www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS
 X and Y are related as 3x+4y = 20,
if quartile deviation of X is 12, then
quartile deviation of Y is?

• 3*12 +4Y =0
• 4Y =36
• Y =36/4 = 9 answer.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 If quartiles are 45,52 and 65, what
is quartile deviation?
• 20/2 =10 answr.
• What is coffecient of quartile deviation:
• 20/110*100 =18.2%

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 ABOUT AFTERSCHO☺OL
Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE
(after class 12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18
month PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social
Entrepreneurship) along with preparation for CS / CFP /
CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is also available online
also. It also conducts workshops on social
entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over India –
start social entrepreneurship club in your institution
today with the help from afterschoool and help us in
developing society.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Why such a programme?
• To promote people to take up entrepreneurship
and help develop the society
• To enable people to take up franchising and
other such options to start a business / social
development project
• To enable people to take up social development
as their mission
• To enable people to promote spirituality and
positive thinking in the world

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Who are our supporters?
• Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries,
entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs
are supporting us.
• You can also support us – not necessarily
by money – but by being promotor of our
concept and our ideas.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 About AFTERSCHO☺OL PGPSE – the
best programme for developing great
entrepreneurs
• Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme
• Available in distance learning mode
• Case study focused- latest cases
• Industry oriented practical curriculum
• Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just
an employee
• Option to take up part time job – so earn while
you learn
• The only absolutely free course on internet
www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS
 Workshops from
AFTERSCHO☺OL
• IIF, Delhi
• CIPS, Jaipur
• ICSI Hyderabad Branch
• Gyan Vihar, Jaipur
• Apex Institute of Management, Jaipur
• Aravali Institute of Management, Jodhpur
• Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneshwar
• Pacific Institute, Udaipur
• Engineering College, Hyderabad

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Flexible Specialisations:
• Spiritualising business and society
• Rural development and transformation
• HRD and Education, Social Development
• NGO and voluntary work
• Investment analysis,microfinance and inclusion
• Retail sector, BPO, KPO
• Accounting & Information system (with CA / CS /CMA)
• Hospital management and Health care
• Hospitality sector and culture and heritage
• Other sectors of high growth, high technology and social
relevance

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Salient features:
• The only programme of its kind (in the whole world)
• No publicity and low profile course
• For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a
degree
• Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue the rest of
the education by distance mode. / you may attend weekend
classes
• Scholarships for those from poor economic background
• Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace
with the time
• Placement for those who are interested
• Admissions open throughout the year
• Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study
material

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Components
• Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB
Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad)
• Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development
• Essential softwares for business
• Business plan, Research projects
• Participation in conferences / seminars
• Workshops on leadership, team building etc.
• Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers
• Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of entrepreneurs
• Editing of journals / newsletters
• Consultancy / research projects
• Assignments, communication skill workshops
• Participation in conferences and seminars
• Group discussions, mock interviews, self development diaryng
• Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Pedagogy
• Case analysis,
• Articles from Harvard Business Review
• Quiz, seminars, workshops, games,
• Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits
• Presentations, Latest audio-visuals
• Group discussions and group projects
• Periodic self assessment
• Mentoring and counselling
• Study exchange programme (with institutions out of
India)
• Rural development / Social welfare projects
www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS
 Branches
• AFTERSCHO☺OL will shortly open its
branches in important cities in India
including Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon
and other important cities.
Afterschooolians will be responsible for
managing and developing these branches
– and for promoting social entrepreneurs.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Case Studies
• We want to write case studies on social
entrepreneurs, first generation
entrepreneurs, ethical entrepreneurs.
Please help us in this process. Help us to
be in touch with entrepreneurs, so that we
may develop entrepreneurs.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Basic values at AFTERSCHO☺OL
• Share to learn more
• Interact to develop yourself
• Fear is your worst enemy
• Make mistakes to learn
• Study & discuss in a group
• Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support
and help
• Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how &
where?
• Embrace change – and compete with yourself
only
www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS
 www.afterschoool.tk
social entrepreneurship for better
society

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS