Cleopatra King 6 October 2011 US History Smith Quiz #5 1.

Link Past and Present Americans embraced innovation and technology with the goals of expanding peoples lives and improving peoples daily lives. Industrialization started in England but the second industrial revolution turned the US into an industrial power house. It changed the lives of American people. Natural Resources were beginning to come of use. Coal mines began to show up. Forest were being cut down. The railroads transported all the material. In 1859, Edwin Drake drilled what became the worlds first oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania. This encourages the growth of kerosene and gasoline. Transporting goods like steal, grain and textiles dominated international markets and expanded the economy, making the US a world economic power. Farmers became mechanized needing fewer labors. Many people did worry about how internalizing were affecting the environment. Congress created the Yellow stone park in 1872 to protect lands. In the modern world technology is dominating our economy. Companies like Apple in Windows are thought out the world giving and take jobs away just like factories and machines back then. Since technology has advanced so much many of our factories are run by machines and people lose their jobs. 2. Determine Relevance Investors developed corporations as a form of group ownership. Corporations tried to gain a monopoly to control a product or service. Others formed a cartel to eliminate a business or their competitions. John D. Rockefeller made deals with railroads to increase his profits. He was practically the father of horizontal integration. In contrast, Andrew Carnegie used the process of vertical integration. Both Rockefeller and Carnegie were powerful business men with unfair advantages. Because of their capacity to sidle the poor they became known as robber barons. Others believed they served the nation and nicknamed them capital of industry. Rockefeller gave ten percent of his earnings to his church, and gave away hundreds of millions of dollars, but he took control of the entire supply chain and was able to exert almost the complete control of competitors. Andrew Carnegie wrote in the Wealth that people should give away some of the wealth they had received also known as the :gospel of wealth. 3. Draw Conclusion The United States created the ICC to over sea railroad operations. They were the first federal body set up to monitor American business operations. They could only monitor railroads that crossed state lines and required the railroads to send their records to Congress. The Sherman Antitrust Act witch outlawed any trust operations. I think these regulations where kind of effective because Congress would know who was transporting things on the railroads and people wouldnt feel cheated.

Cleopatra King 6 October 2011 US History Smith 4. Recognize Cause and Effect The major strikes the late 1800s where the Railroad strikes of 1877 response to cuts in workers wages. The made violent strikes to come. Haymarket Riot of 1886 was part of a campaign to achieve an eight-hour workday. Americans became wary of labor unions; the Knights of Labor were blamed for and membership declined. The Homestead Act of 1892 was cause by economic depression led to cut in steelworkers wages. After losing the standoff, steelworkers unions lost power throughout the country. The Pullman strike of 1893 wages cut without a decrease in the cost of living in the company town. Employers used the courts to limit the influence of unions. These strikes appealed frequently for court orders against unions, citing legislation like the Sherman Antitrust Act. They were influenced by socialism. 5. Analyze Information The company towns were where the labors were forced to live in order to work for that company. Almost everything they had was owned by the businesses. They sold goods on credit but charged high interest therefore they would always be in debt. As a result workers received wages that mostly went to the employer. Since workers would be arrested if they left without paying back their loans, employers could hold a worker to their job through a system called waged slavery. 6. Make Comparison Immigrants had always come to American for economic opportunity and religious freedom. The old immigrants were from northern and western Europe. They usually travel in groups and saved money. Some were educated and knew English. Irish and Germans were joined by new immigrant from southern and eastern Europe. They came with the thought to make money then return to their homeland. Many where unskilled, poor and most of them would settle in cities. 7. Explain Causes Many farmers migrated to cities. Farmers often worked in poor conditions. It was very difficult to make a living because of competition plus the excitement of city life motivated many to move. Most moved because of economic opportunities. 8. Main Idea and Detail Technology increased rapidly over time. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. His goal was to develop affordable lighting for homes. They also developed plans for central power plants to light entire sections for cites. Samuel Morse perfected telegraphic technology. Before the telegraph, messages where sent by horse and rider. Elias Howes sewing machine revolutionized the way clothes were made in homes and factories. As railroads expanded. George Westinghouse patented air breaks for trains in 1869. Meatpacker Gustavus Swift developed refrigerated cars for transporting food. Mass transit or public transportation began. Electric trolleys improve city life. In 1879, Boston

Cleopatra King 6 October 2011 US History Smith solved the problem of eclectic cable cars crowding streets by making the nations first subway system. Ten-story and taller buildings know as skyscrapers become recognizable. Elisha Otis developed a safety elevator that would not fall if the lifting rope broke. Central heat systems were also improved. Cites became even more populated. 9. Link Past to Present Baseball Americans national sport soon became a public show. Major cities built stadiums like the Boston Fenway Park. Also boxing emerged and immigrants rooted for the boxer who shared their background. In 1884, Lamarcus Thompson opened the worlds 1st roller coaster at Coney Island. Vaudeville shows were medley of musical drama, songs, and off-color comedy. In todays world we dont really go to baseball games like we used to. Roller costars and amusement parks are improving and getting more dangerous. We have more shows like the vaudeville shows. 10. Interpret Point of View Mark Twains book The Gilded Age explored harsh realities were popular. In the quote I think Mark Twain calls economic and social conditions as an entirely ideal state of society because maybe he is trying to say that everybody has this idea of common wealth. He imagines the country without corruption, but its impossible. He depicts society as gilded or having a rotten core covered in golden paint.