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In Belgium, around 10m people live on a surface of less than 30,000 square kilometres, which amounts to approx. 350 inhabitants per square kilometre. In Europe, this density of population is second only to the Netherlands. Around 97% of Belgian people live in towns and cities. The largest urban areas are Brussels, Antwerp, Lige and Ghent. This makes Belgium's postal market attractive for potential newcomers. Belgium's Gross Domestic Product of 32.400 per capita is above average in the EU-15 (29.300 ). The service sector generates around 75% of the Gross Domestic Product; approx. 87% of the goods and services produced are exported. Belgium's central geographical situation makes it a highly suitable location for logistics companies. Its seaports (Antwerp above all) and the Brussels airport are logistics hubs with European and intercontinental connections. This is reflected by the high density of companies, especially in the courier and forwarding business. The express and logistics markets and their players are characterised by a high degree of interdependence with the Netherlands and Luxembourg.
Postal Market
Belgium's postal market has a volume of around 3bn addressed mail items. Including unaddressed mail and parcels total mail volume is at around 7.8bn consignments. Total turnover of the post and its competitors is over 3bn . With a market share of almost 100% De Post/La Poste is absolutely marketdominating in the addressed mail sector. In this sector there is almost no competition apart from a few small local companies. TNT's announcement to engage itself more in this sector in its neighbour country has been withdrawn and postponed to the period after 2010. The government's subsidies to La Poste, its exemption from VAT and uncertainty about future regulations are considered to be the main market entry barriers for competitors. The situation in the bulk mail sector is totally different. La Poste's main competitor, Belgique Diffusion, is the market leader, by far. The company also gained a respectable market share in the delivery of newspapers. After outbound cross-border mail has been liberalised in 2003 vivid competition emerged in this market. Besides De Post/La Poste the largest companies in this area are subsidiaries of big global players like DHL, DPD, Swiss Post International and Spring (a joint venture of TNT and Royal Mail). De Post/La Poste and the government fear for the funding of the universal service after the complete deregulation of the postal market. Therefore the abolishment of the reserved area is not expected before January 1 2011.
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BE
Express Market
The post is only one of several well positioned service providers in the market for parcel and express consignments. Besides large integrators like UPS, FedEx and DHL, TNT, DPD and GLS are also active on Belgium's express market. Additionally there are a lot of small and medium sized companies active in the express market. Their business is triggered by the vicinity of the international air cargo hubs Brussels and Amsterdam. Turnover is estimated to be around 950m and showed a dynamic growth over the past few years. Competition on the market increased in the course of this development despite a comparably high degree of consolidation.
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BR
Economic Data
GDP (in bn ) Inflation rate (%) Agriculture's Share of GDP (%) Industry's Share of GDP (%) Services Sector's Share of GDP (%) Exports of Goods and Services (% of GDP) Imports of Goods and Services (% of GDP) High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured goods) GDP Per Capita (in thousand ) 866.9 3.6 5 30.6 64.5 12.9 10.7 12.1 4.5
Goods Transport
Airports Rail Network (1,000 km) Road Network (1,000 km) Air Freight (m tkm) Road Freight (bn tkm) Railway Freight (bn tkm) Seaport Handling (m tons) Seaports 718 29.5 1,751.9 1,412.26 485.6 164.8 509.6 12
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With its area of over 8m square kilometres, Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world and the largest on the South American continent.
BR
With about 190m inhabitants, Brazil is the most populous country of South America. Almost 22 inhabitants live on one square kilometre. The majority of the population lives in the big cities near the Atlantic coast. About 85% of the entire population live in cities like Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Brasilia. More than 80% of Brazil's gross national product are generated in the five largest cities: Sao Paulo (43.7%), Rio Grande de Sul (11.5%), Minas Gerais (10.6%), Parana (8.6%) and Rio de Janeiro (5.9%). Brazil's economy saw robust growth over the last years. The gross domestic product only decreased marginally in the year of crisis 2009. With 866.9bn , Brazil's gross domestic product counts among the highest of all South American countries. However, per capita income only amounts to about 4,500 per year. Brazil counts among the world's 20 largest export nations. 18% of the Brazilian gross domestic product is exported. Brazil's economic growth primarily depends on exports. Export volume grew by 166% from 2002 2007 and reached 108bn in 2007. The country's most important export goods include machinery, cars, aircraft, steel, aluminium and tin as well as coffee, soy, sugar and meat. Around 30% of the country's gross domestic product is generated by the manufacturing sector while the service sector contributes 64% to Brazil's gross domestic product. Brazil experienced a deep transformation in the 90s, which was characterised by the privatisation of the country's infrastructure and economic stabilisation. Approximately 60% of total turnover in Brazil's transport industry is generated by road haulage. But the infrastructure of the transport sector is poorly developed on the whole. So far, only small amounts of money have been invested in roads and railway connections. There are too few air routes to make the country accessible, especially in the sparsely populated areas. The expansive Amazonian rainforests in the north and the plateaus and mountains in the south are only sparsely populated and present a rather big problem for nationwide infrastructure and distribution systems. The infrastructure is considered to be one of the main impediments to the growth of Brazil's economy. The picture is characterised by overloaded ports, poorly developed roads, collapsing air traffic and the threat of an energy shortage. Brazil's former president Lula passed the PAC (Programa de Acelerao do Crescimento) in January 2007 to promote the expansion of the infrastructure and to accelerate economic growth. The programme was launched to stimulate private initiatives, promised to improve the country's financial policy and higher public investments. Investments from the PAC programme will total 193bn . Besides the government commitment tax relieves for the construction sector and for new investments are planned.
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CH
Even though two third of all domestic payment transactions are handled by Swiss Post, the company does not have a banking licence. Since 2005 Swiss Post attempts to obtain one but these attempts have always failed due to the opposition of Switzerland's banks. Thus, Swiss Post can only offer loans and mortgages in co-operation with other banks. Nevertheless, over the past years PostFinance became Swiss Post's most important profit earner by far. In 2009 the division contributed more than 54% to Swiss Post's profit. A distinctive feature of Swiss Post is the division PostAuto which operates regional public transport networks in Switzerland and also abroad, e.g. in France. In 2009 the unit transported 118m passengers with more than 2.000 vehicles. The group is represented in 16 European countries, four major Asian cities and in the USA by its Swiss Post International division. By its own account, SPI is the 'world's no. 3 in international letter distribution'. The unit generated revenues of 691m and a profit of 36m . Co-operation and alliances are characteristic for Swiss Post's business. The group's international express business is a joint venture with TNT and international parcels are delivered in co-operation with GLS. Swiss Post also co-operates with Hermes Logistics Group. Swiss Post's long-term strategy is based on two pillars. In the short term the company tries to obtain a banking licence to compensate for the decline of letter volume. In the medium term the post plans to establish itself as a 'service provider for companies', also on an international level. In this context the post plans to offer several electronic services like digital mail processing, scanning and digital archiving. The post and its subsidiary PostFinance are to become two joint stock companies on January 1 2012. Thereby the post should become more flexible and politics should be kept out of the day-to-day business.
Express market
Unlike in many European countries, Switzerland has no general compulsory registration for companies in the courier and express sector. Turnover data is also usually not published. Total market volume is estimated at 1.2bn to 1.5bn of which the parcel business accounts for 520m on 115m shipments (2009). As Switzerland's parcel market wasn't opened to competition until 2004 the post is still the biggest player in this sector with a market share of around 80%. Market observers blame market barriers like a ban on night-time driving (which doesn't apply to Swiss Post) for this. Swiss Post DPD (Switzerland) AG and DHL Express (Switzerland) AG are the two largest companies in the parcel market. These two companies account for over 80% of the licencees' total turnover.
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DHL Express (Switzerland) AG and TNT are the two major companies in Switzerland's express market. Additionally, there are lot of private run courier and express companies like GO!, Overnight.CH, Swiss Transport, EcoExpress and Ruebli Kurier operating in the Swiss market. A distinctive feature of Switzerland's CEP market is the voluntary commitment of private parcel services to create better labour conditions - even for subcontractors. In autumn 2007 the members of the KEP&Mail association agreed on common labour conditions. The key points of this agreement are (1) a minimum wage of 42.000 Swiss franc around 32.100 annually for a full-time job, (2) a maximum weekly working time of 43 hours for drivers and 42 hours for other employees and (3) 25 days of holyday for employees above the age of 50. These terms apply not only to the members of the association but also to their subcontractors.
CH
Logistics market
Forwarding and logistics count among the major traditional services rendered worldwide by Swiss firms: two of the biggest global logistics groups, Panalpina and Kuehne + Nagel, are based in Switzerland. The market is heavily fragmented, and many smaller businesses operate in the industry: in Basel alone, the most important forwarding centre in Switzerland, there are 70-80 operators. Other important companies are M & M Militzer &
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Companies in the Spanish CEP market previously had a strong regional orientation. However, this situation is changing with the economic growth in recent years and Spain's integration into the EU. At present, all major players are expanding their networks through takeovers, franchise operations and co-operations with retail chains. In particular DHL and the French post established themselves early in the Spanish market through acquisitions (Guipuzcoana and Seur respectively).
ES
Logistics Market
Historical, commercial and geographical factors make Spain an important turnstile between Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, Asia (container traffic) and South America. Thus, a number of logistics firms have established themselves in the last few years, using Spain as a hub to serve regional markets. In 2007, the Spanish logistics market's turnover amounted to approx. 82.7bn , making it the fourth largest in Europe - after Germany, France and Great Britain. With a contribution of 7.9% to GDP the logistics industry is still one of Spain's most important business areas.
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ES
Spain's role as Europe's vegetable supplier and its interconnection with Europe's automobile industry are the main reasons for the high demand for logistics services in Spain. Road haulage represents around three quarters of Spain's total transport volume and therefore is the most important mode of transportation. Due to its long coastal line maritime transportation ranks second. Almost one quarter of all transports in Spain are maritime transports. It is therefore not surprising that strengthening rail transportation is one the main goals of Spain's logistics policy. It is planned to improve rail connections of harbours. The expansion of the so called 'Short Sea Shipping' (short range maritime transports) is also among these goals. Spain's largest logistics company is Logista followed by DHL. However, overall the market is characterised by small and medium sized companies and the subsidiaries of internationally operating forwarders. Besides the economic centres Madrid and Barcelona the Basque region and Aragon (here especially the Plaza Saragossa) are important locations for the logistics industry. However, the capital region of Madrid is especially important for the industry and also is the largest centre of logistics operations in Spain.
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HK
Company 4PX International Express ATL Logistics Kong Cathay Pacific China Kong) Post (Hong Hong
Express
G G
Forwarding
Q G G
Logistics
Q G
Courier
G Q G
G G G G Q Q
China Resources China Shipping (H. K.) China Travel Service (Cargo) Cosco (Hong Kong) DHL Express Kong Hong
G G
G G
DHL Global Forwarding (Hong Kong) Ltd. Eastern Worldwide Fast Express Limited FedEX Hong Kong Hongkong Post Hutchison Whampoa Kerry Logistics Maersk Logistics Modern Terminals Orient Overseas Container Line Schenker Hong Kong Sinotrans Hong Kong Taikoo Maritime TNT Hong Kong UPS Hong Kong
G G Q G Q G G G G
G G G
Q Q
G G G
G G G G
G G G G G G
G G Q G G G Q
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IT
Definition of Post
Letters, books, catalogues, newspapers, periodicals and similar consignments, parcels
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IT
Price Regulation
Pricecap
Licensing / Registration
There are two types of licensing: An individual licence (Licenza Individuale) for non reserved postal services within the universal service with a contributory payment of 3 % of the turnover into a compensation fund A general licence (Autorizzazione Generale) for postal services outside of the universal service.
Network Access
Not regulated.
Planned Changes
By order of Legislative Decree May 16, 2008, n. 85.1 the functions of the Ministry of Communications and its inherent financial, material and human resources (concerning the postal market), were transferred to the Ministry of Economic Development.
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NL
Postwet 1 June 2000 (Postal Act) Postbesluit 28 April 2000 (Postal Decree) Barp Postwet 1 June 2000 (general postal directives)
Planned Changes
None
Addresses
Business Register
Kamer van Koophandel Kamer van Koophandel Amsterdam, De Ruyterkade, 5, 1013, AA Amsterdam T +31 20 531 4000 v +31 20 531 4799 m www.kvk.nl/handelsregister k info@amsterdam.kvk.nl
Regulator
Onafhankelijke Post en Telecommunicatie Autoriteit OPTA, Zurichtoren, Muzenstraat, 41, 2511 WB The Hague T +31 (0)70 315 35 00 v +31 (0)70 315 35 01 m http://www.opta.nl/asp/en/ k mail@opta.nl
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Associations
DDMA - Dutch Direct Marketing Association W.G. Plein 507/508, 1054 SJ Amsterdam T +31 20 4528 413 v +31 204528 395 m http://ddma.nl k info@ddma.nl FENEX - Nederlandse Organisatie voor Expeditie en Logistiek PortCity II, Waalhaven Z.z. 19, 3e etage, Havennummer 2235, 3089 JH Rotterdam T +31 10 40 20 398 v +31 10 45 27 367 m http://www.fenex.nl k fenex@fenex.nl Transport en Logistiek Nederland (TLN) Boris Pasternaklaan 22, 2719 DA Zoetermeer T +31 79 3636 111 v +31 79 3636 200 m http://www.tln.nl/ k info@tln.nl
NL
Companies
Audax BV Audax BV, Burgemeester Krollaan, 14, 5126, PT Gilze T +31 16 14 57 000 v +31 16 14 57 777 m http://www.audax.nl/ k info@audax.nl Bakker Logistiek Group BV Bakker Logistiek, Handelsweg, 26, 3899, AB Zeewolde T +31 36-5219521 v +31 36-5219589 m http://www.bakker-logistiek.nl/ k info@bakker-logistiek.nl Broekman Logistics BV Broekman Logistics, Albert Plesmanweg, 61 B, 3088 GB Rotterdam T +31 (0)10 487 32 55 v +31 (0)10 495 17 47 m http://www.broekman-group.nl k info@broekman-group.nl DE RIJKE LOGISTICS B.V. De Rijke Logistics BV, Postbus,18, 3200, AA Spijkenisse T +31(0)181 654200 v +31(0)181 654397 m http://www.derijke.com k info@derijke.com Den Hartogh Logistics Den Hartogh Logistics, Oranjelaan, 45, 3181, HK Rozenburg T +31 181 24 78 00 v +31 181 23 33 00 m http://www.denhartogh.net/ k logistics@denhartogh.com DHL Danzas Air & Ocean (Netherlands) B.V. RIDDERHAVEN 52984 BT RIDDERKERKP.O.BOX 41112 DHL Expess (Netherlands) B.V. Reactorweg 25 , 3542 AD Utrecht, Postbus 40332, 3504 AC Utrecht T +31 030 - 214 95 00 v +31 30 - 214 95 91
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NL
DSV Air & Sea B.V. Hoeksteen 26, NL-2132 MS Hoofddorp T +31 20 405 86 70 v +31 20 405 87 10 m www.dsv.com/nl k info.ams@nl.dsv.com DSV Road BV DSV Road B.V., Tasmanweg, 2, Trade Port West, NL-5928 LH Venlo T +31 77 389 22 22 v +31 77 389 22 00 m http://www.dsv.com/nl k info.ven@nl.dsv.com DSV Solutions B.V. Head Office Logistics, Moerdijk, NL-4761 RL T +31 168 41 30 00 v +31 168 41 40 00 m www.dsv.com/nl k info.moerdijk@nl.dsv.com Fritom Holding BV Fritom Transportgroep, De Wymerts, 9, 8701 WT Bolsward T +31-515-570075 v +31-515-570060 m http://www.fritom.nl k info@fritom.nl Genaral Logistics Systems BV GLS Netherlands, Proostwetering, 40, 3543, AG Utrecht T +31 30 - 241 78 00 v +31 30 - 241 79 03 m http://www.gls-netherlands.com k info@gls-netherlands.com Jan De Rijk Logistics BV Jan de Rijk Roosendaal, Leemstraat, 15, 4705, RT Roosendaal, T +31 165 572 572 v +31 165 572 582 m http://www.janderijk.com k info@janderijk.com NIPPON EXPRESS (NEDERLAND) B.V. Cessnalaan 24, 1119 NL Schiphol-Rijk T +31 020 406 65 00 v +31 020 406 65 55 Pax Beheer BV Pax Beheer BV, Willemskade, 1, 8911, AW Leeuwarden T +31 (0)58 244 44 55 v +31 (0)58 213 07 49 m http://www.pax.nl k info@paxbeheer.nl Sandd BV Sandd BV, IJsseldijk, 2, 7325, WZ Apeldoorn T +31 (0)55 3682525 v +31 (0)55 3682526 m http://www.sandd.nl k info@sandd.nl Schenker International BV Schenker International BV, Postbus 75579, 1118, ZP Schiphol-Centrum, Fokkerweg 300, 1438 AN Oude Meer (Schiphol) T +31 20 500 00 00 v +31 20 500 05 99 m http://www.schenker.nl k info.nl@schenker.com TransMission BV TransMission BV, Storkstraat ,14, 2722, NN Zoetermeer T +31 (0)79 3438250 v +31 (0)79 3438251 m http://www.trans-mission.nl k info@trans-mission.nl
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United Parcel Service Nederland B:V Zandsteen 22, 2132 Hoofddorp T 0800 09 91 300 Van Uden Logistics BV Van Uden Logistics BV, Hertog Karelweg, 22, 4175, LS Haaften T +31 (0)418 597 200 v +31 (0)418 597 209 m http://www.van-uden.nl k info@van-uden-logistics.nl VCK Holding BV VCK Holding BV, Valrep, 13, 1042, AN Amsterdam, P.O. Box 58417, 1040 HK Amsterdam T +31 20 5 877 877 v +31 20 5 877 895 m http://www.vck.nl k info.group@vck.nl Vos Logistics BV Vos Logistics BV, Waalkade, 5347, KS Oss T +31 412 699 599 v +31 412 699 501 m http://www.voslogistics.com k corporate@voslogistics.com Wim Bosmann Holding BV Wim Bosman Holding B.V., Industriestraat, 12, P.O. Box 18, 7040 AA 's-Heerenberg T +31 (0)314 67 81 11 v +31 (0)314 66 11 78 m http://www.wimbosman.nl/ k info@wimbosman.nl
NL
Press/Media
Specialist Publications
EVO Logistiek / EVO Magazine (Circulation: 6,000) Transport en Logistiek Nederland; Signaalrood 60, 2718 SG Zoetermeer T +31 79 34 67 346 v +31 79 34 67 800 m http://www.evo.nl/ k evo@evo.nl Logistiek - Reed Business bv (Circulation: 16,500) Logistiek - Reed Business bv, Hanzestraat 1, 7006 RH Doetinchem T +31 314 349328 v + 31 314 34 39 91 NT Publishers BV (Circulation: 7,000) Las Palmas, Wilhelminakade 302, 3072 AR Rotterdam T +31 10 28 01 000 v +31 10 28 01 002 m www.nieuwsbladtransport.nl k Redactie.NT@reedbusiness.nl TLN (Transport en Logistiek Nederland) (Circulation: 9,000) Transport en Logistiek, Boris Pasternaklaan 22, 2719 DA Zoetermeer, Postbus 3008, 2700 KS Zoetermeer T +31 79 36 36 187 v +31 79 3636258 m http://www.tln.nl/ k info@tnl.nl
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Turnover
FedEx
316
Turnover Turnover (Express) Turnover (Ground) Turnover (Freight) Turnover (Services) Turnover/Employee Turnover/Consignment Turnover/Consignment (Express) Turnover/Consignment (Ground) Turnover/Consignment (Freight) Operational Results Operating Result Operating Result (Express) Operating Result (Ground) Operating Result (Freight) Return Return (Express) Return (Ground) Return (Freight) Cash Flow (net) Profit Net Profit Own Capital Resources Equity Stock Exchange Value
965.2m
11,259.2m 20,854m
Brief Description
FedEx is considered to be the creator of the overnight express service; FedExing is the synonym for express forwarding in the USA. FedEx is characterised by the high motivation and commitment of its employees, which was even the subject of a successful Hollywood film ( Cast Away with Tom Hanks). Based on the total number of aircrafts, FedEx operates the world's largest air fleet, with 664 airplanes. Initially, the company operated exclusively in the express sector. Through acquisitions, however, it also grew into other business areas. The core business is still express service within the USA. This is where the highest turnover is generated. Through acquisitions FedEx has also - primarily in the USA - gained a foothold in the market segments parcel, SCM, LTL and hazardous goods. Through the acquisition of Kinko's (now known as FedEx Office), FedEx also entered into the printing and document business. Altogether FedEx generates about 70% of its total revenues in the USA. In the business year 2009/2010 the domestic parcel business in the USA (FedEx Ground) became the company's main growth driver. The company's total turnover saw a decline, FedEx Ground was the only division to record growth (+5.6%, 5.77bn ). Even more important: with an operating result of 1.024m US dollar the division has exceeded the 1bn dollar mark for the first time. The express division, with a turnover approximately three times higher, recorded a 10% profit increase compared to 2009/2010 (turnover: 16.7bn , EBIT: 874.5 m ). But in Europe FedEx has difficulties. An initial market entry was abandoned in the late 70s following extremely high losses. For the following 2 decades, the integrator offered almost exclusively import and export services from and into the USA. Domestic services in Europe if offered at all were provided through co-operations. But since a few years FedEx expanded its presence and businesses in Europe. Among other things the company established the Cologne/Bonn Airport as its new main hub in Europe in 2010. However, the company's core business are still international services. In 1999 already, the company launched a joint venture with DTW, one of the largest Chinese express operators (FedEx-DTW International Priority). At the beginning of 2007 FedEx acquired DTW's stake and is since then the sole owner of the company. It is also worth noting that a number of innovations in the express business originated from FedEx and were later adapted by rival companies (for example, online tracking & tracing). In the year-long dispute whether its employees should fall under the jurisdiction of the National Labor Relations Act, FedEx prevailed. Despite massive attempts and lobbying efforts of competitor UPS the final decision was in favour of FedEx. Since 2007 UPS tried to ensure that FedEx also has to operate under
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FedEx
the NLA legislation. While the Railway Labor Act, under which FedEx operates, greatly limits employees' rights to strike amongst other things, the NLA makes it easier for staff to unionise.
FedEx
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