9@@@

CPA1L8 2

1) AbouL 23 of Lhe 92 naLural elemenLs are known Lo be essenLlal Lo llfe Whlch four of Lhese 23
elemenLs make up approxlmaLely 96 of llvlng maLLer?
A) carbon sodlum chlorlne nlLrogen
8) carbon sulfur phosphorus hydrogen
C) oxygen hydrogen calclum sodlum
u) carbon hydrogen nlLrogen oxygen
L) carbon oxygen sulfur calclum

2) 1race elemenLs are Lhose requlred by an organlsm ln only mlnuLe quanLlLles Whlch of Lhe followlng ls
a Lrace elemenL LhaL ls requlred by humans and oLher verLebraLes?
A) nlLrogen
8) calclum
C) lodlne
u) sodlum
L) phosphorus

3) Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs ls false?
A) ALoms of Lhe varlous elemenLs dlffer ln Lhelr number of subaLomlc parLlcles
8) All aLoms of a parLlcular elemenL have Lhe same number of proLons ln Lhelr nuclel
C) 1he neuLrons and proLons presenL ln Lhe nucleus of an aLom are almosL ldenLlcal ln mass each has a
mass of abouL 1 dalLon
u) An aLom ls Lhe smallesL unlL of an elemenL LhaL sLlll reLalns Lhe properLles of Lhe elemenL
L) roLons and elecLrons are elecLrlcally charged parLlcles roLons have one unlL of negaLlve charge and
elecLrons have one unlL of poslLlve charge

4) 1he mass number of an elemenL can be easlly approxlmaLed by addlng LogeLher Lhe number of
__________ ln an aLom of LhaL elemenL
A) proLons and neuLrons
8) energy levels
C) proLons and elecLrons
u) neuLrons and elecLrons
L) lsoLopes

3) 1he aLomlc number of each aLom ls glven Lo Lhe lefL of each of Lhe elemenLs below Whlch of Lhe
aLoms has Lhe same valence as carbon (

C)?
A)
7
nlLrogen
8)
9
flourlne
C)
10
neon
u)
12
magneslum
L)
14
slllcon


2

6) A molecule of carbon dloxlde (CC

2
) ls formed when one aLom of carbon (aLomlc number 6) ls
covalenLly bonded wlLh Lwo aLoms of oxygen (aLomlc number 8) WhaL ls Lhe LoLal number of elecLrons
LhaL musL be shared beLween Lhe carbon aLom and Lhe oxygen aLoms ln order Lo compleLe Lhe ouLer
elecLron shell of all Lhree aLoms?
A) 1
8) 2
C) 3
u) 4
L) 3

7) WhaL resulLs from an unequal sharlng of elecLrons beLween aLoms?
A) a nonpolar covalenL bond
8) a polar covalenL bond
C) an lonlc bond
u) a hydrogen bond
L) a hydrophoblc lnLeracLlon

8) Whlch of Lhe followlng molecules conLalns Lhe sLrongesL polar covalenL bond?
A) P
2

8) C
2

C) CC
2

u) P
2
C
L) CP
4


9) Whlch of Lhe followlng would be regarded as compounds?
A) P
2

8) P
2
C
C) C
2

u) CP
4

L) 8 and u buL noL A and C

10) ln Lhe Lerm Lrace elemenL Lhe modlfler Lrace means
A) Lhe elemenL ls requlred ln very small amounLs
8) Lhe elemenL can be used as a label Lo Lrace aLoms Lhrough an organlsms meLabollsm
C) Lhe elemenL ls very rare on LarLh
u) Lhe elemenL enhances healLh buL ls noL essenLlal for Lhe organlsms longLerm survlval
L) Lhe elemenL passes rapldly Lhrough Lhe organlsm









3

9$9@@@
CPA1L8 3

1) ln a slngle molecule of waLer Lwo hydrogen aLoms are bonded Lo a slngle oxygen aLom by
A) hydrogen bonds
8) nonpolar covalenL bonds
C) polar covalenL bonds
u) lonlc bonds
L) van der Waals lnLeracLlons

2) WaLers hlgh speclflc heaL ls malnly a consequence of Lhe
A) small slze of Lhe waLer molecules
8) hlgh speclflc heaL of oxygen and hydrogen aLoms
C) absorpLlon and release of heaL when hydrogen bonds break and form
u) facL LhaL waLer ls a poor heaL conducLor
L) lnablllLy of waLer Lo dlsslpaLe heaL lnLo dry alr

3) Why does lce floaL ln llquld waLer?
A) 1he llquld waLer molecules have more klneLlc energy and Lhus supporL Lhe lce
8) 1he lonlc bonds beLween Lhe molecules ln lce prevenL Lhe lce from slnklng
C) lce always has alr bubbles LhaL keep lL afloaL
u) Pydrogen bonds sLablllze and keep Lhe molecules of lce farLher aparL Lhan Lhe waLer molecules of
llquld waLer
L) 1he crysLalllne laLLlce of lce causes lL Lo be denser Lhan llquld waLer

4) Pydrophoblc subsLances such as vegeLable oll are
A) nonpolar subsLances LhaL repel waLer molecules
8) nonpolar subsLances LhaL have an aLLracLlon for waLer molecules
C) polar subsLances LhaL repel waLer molecules
u) polar subsLances LhaL have an afflnlLy for waLer
L) charged molecules LhaL hydrogenbond wlLh waLer molecules

3) Cne mole (mol) of a subsLance ls
A) 602 10
23
molecules of Lhe subsLance
8) 1 g of Lhe subsLance dlssolved ln 1 L of soluLlon
C) Lhe largesL amounL of Lhe subsLance LhaL can be dlssolved ln 1 L of soluLlon
u) Lhe molecular mass of Lhe subsLance expressed ln grams
L) A and u only

6) 1he molecular mass of glucose ls 180 g Whlch of Lhe followlng procedures should you carry ouL Lo
make a 1 M soluLlon of glucose?
A) ulssolve 1 g of glucose ln 1 L of waLer
8) ulssolve 180 g of glucose ln 1 L of waLer
C) ulssolve 180 g of glucose ln 100 g of waLer
u) ulssolve 180 mg (mllllgrams) of glucose ln 1 L of waLer
L) ulssolve 180 g of glucose ln waLer and Lhen add more waLer unLll Lhe LoLal volume of Lhe soluLlon ls 1
L

4

7) Whlch of Lhe followlng soluLlons has Lhe greaLesL concenLraLlon of hydrogen lons P
+
?
A) gasLrlc [ulce aL pP 2
8) vlnegar aL pP 3
C) LomaLo [ulce aL pP 4
u) black coffee aL pP 3
L) household bleach aL pP 12

8) lf Lhe pP of a soluLlon ls decreased from 9 Lo 8 lL means LhaL Lhe
A) concenLraLlon of P
+
has decreased Lo oneLenLh (1/10) whaL lL was aL pP 9
8) concenLraLlon of P
+
has lncreased 10fold (10x) compared Lo whaL lL was aL pP 9
C) concenLraLlon of CP

has lncreased 10fold (10x) compared Lo whaL lL was aL pP 9

u) concenLraLlon of CP

has decreased Lo oneLenLh (1/10) whaL lL was aL pP 9

L) 8oLh 8 and u are correcL

9) Cne llLer of a soluLlon pP 9 has how many more hydroxyl lons (CP

) Lhan 1 L of a soluLlon of pP 4?
A) 3 Llmes more
8) 100 Llmes more
C) 1000 Llmes more
u) 10000 Llmes more
L) 100000 Llmes more

10) 1he bonds LhaL are broken when waLer vaporlzes are
A) lonlc bonds
8) hydrogen bonds beLween waLer molecules
C) covalenL bonds beLween aLoms wlLhln waLer molecules
u) polar covalenL bonds
L) nonpolar covalenL bonds



















5

9$9@@@
CPA1L8 4

1) Crganlc chemlsLry ls a sclence based on Lhe sLudy of
A) funcLlonal groups
8) vlLal forces lnLeracLlng wlLh maLLer
C) carbon compounds
u) waLer and lLs lnLeracLlon wlLh oLher klnds of molecules
L) lnorganlc compounds

2) Pow many elecLron palrs does carbon share ln order Lo compleLe lLs valence shell?
A) 1
8) 2
C) 3
u) 4
L) 8

3) Pow many sLrucLural lsomers are posslble for a subsLance havlng Lhe molecular formula C
4
P
10
?
A) 1
8) 2
C) 4
u) 3
L) 11




llgure 1

4) 1he Lwo molecules shown ln llgure 41 are besL descrlbed as
A) opLlcal lsomers
8) radloacLlve lsoLopes
C) sLrucLural lsomers
u) nonradloacLlve lsoLopes
L) geomeLrlc lsomers





6

llgure 2

3) Shown here ln llgure 42 are Lhe sLrucLures of glucose and frucLose 1hese Lwo molecules dlffer ln Lhe
A) number of carbon hydrogen and oxygen aLoms
8) Lypes of carbon hydrogen and oxygen aLoms
C) arrangemenL of carbon hydrogen and oxygen aLoms
u) number of oxygen aLoms [olned Lo carbon aLoms by double covalenL bonds
L) answers A 8 and C





llgure 3

6) 1he Lwo molecules shown ln llgure 43 are besL descrlbed as
A) enanLlomers
8) radloacLlve lsoLopes
C) sLrucLural lsomers
u) nonlsoLoplc lsomers
L) geomeLrlc lsomers








7

7) 1halldomlde and Ldopa shown below are examples of pharmaceuLlcal drugs LhaL occur as
enanLlomers or molecules LhaL



A) have ldenLlcal Lhreedlmenslonal shapes
8) are mlrror lmages of one anoLher
C) lack an asymmeLrlc carbon
u) dlffer ln Lhe locaLlon of Lhelr double bonds
L) dlffer ln Lhelr elecLrlcal charge



llgure 4

8) WhaL ls Lhe name of Lhe funcLlonal group shown ln llgure 44?
A) carbonyl
8) keLone
C) aldehyde
u) carboxyl
L) hydroxyl

1he followlng quesLlons refer Lo Lhe molecules shown ln llgure 48



llgure 3

9) Whlch molecule conLalns a sulfhydryl funcLlonal group?

10) Whlch molecule funcLlons Lo Lransfer energy beLween organlc molecules?

11) Whlch molecule conLalns an amlno funcLlonal group buL ls noL an amlno acld?


8

9$9@@@
CPA1L8 3

1) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls noL a polymer?
A) glucose
8) sLarch
C) cellulose
u) chlLln
L) unA

2) Pow many molecules of waLer are needed Lo compleLely hydrolyze a polymer LhaL ls 11 monomers
long?
A) 12
8) 11
C) 10
u) 9
L) 8

3) Whlch of Lhe followlng besL summarlzes Lhe relaLlonshlp beLween dehydraLlon reacLlons and
hydrolysls?
A) uehydraLlon reacLlons assemble polymers and hydrolysls reacLlons break down polymers
8) Macromolecular synLhesls occurs Lhrough Lhe removal of waLer and dlgesLlon occurs Lhrough Lhe
addlLlon of waLer
C) uehydraLlon reacLlons can occur only afLer hydrolysls
u) Pydrolysls creaLes monomers and dehydraLlon reacLlons break down polymers
L) A and 8 are correcL

4) lor Lhls palr of lLems choose Lhe opLlon LhaL besL descrlbes Lhelr relaLlonshlp
(A) 1he number of purlnes ln Lhe unA sLrand 3AACACCACAAA3
(8) 1he number of pyrlmldlnes ln Lhe unA sLrand 3AACACCACAAA3

A) lLem (A) ls greaLer Lhan lLem (8)
8) lLem (A) ls less Lhan lLem (8)
C) lLem (A) ls exacLly or very approxlmaLely equal Lo lLem (8)
u) lLem (A) may sLand ln more Lhan one of Lhe above relaLlons Lo lLem (8)

3) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls noL a polymer?
A) glucose
8) sLarch
C) cellulose
u) chlLln
L) unA

6) lease name Lhe Lype of llnkage (name of bonds) LhaL are used Lo llnk carbohydraLe llplds nuclelc
acld and proLeln



9

7) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls Lrue of cellulose?

A) lL ls a polymer composed of sucrose monomers
8) lL ls a sLorage polysaccharlde for energy ln planL cells
C) lL ls a sLorage polysaccharlde for energy ln anlmal cells
u) lL ls a ma[or sLrucLural componenL of planL cell walls
L) lL ls a ma[or sLrucLural componenL of anlmal cell plasma membranes

8) A molecule wlLh Lhe formula C
18
P
36
C
2
ls probably a
A) carbohydraLe
8) faLLy acld
C) proLeln
u) nuclelc acld
L) hydrocarbon

9) 1he bondlng of Lwo amlno acld molecules Lo form a larger molecule requlres
A) Lhe release of a waLer molecule
8) Lhe release of a carbon dloxlde molecule
C) Lhe addlLlon of a nlLrogen aLom
u) Lhe addlLlon of a waLer molecule
L) boLh 8 and C

10) olysaccharldes llplds and proLelns are slmllar ln LhaL Lhey
A) are synLheslzed from monomers by Lhe process of hydrolysls
8) are synLheslzed from monomers by dehydraLlon reacLlons
C) are synLheslzed as a resulL of pepLlde bond formaLlon beLween monomers
u) are decomposed lnLo Lhelr subunlLs by dehydraLlon reacLlons
L) all conLaln nlLrogen ln Lhelr monomer bulldlng blocks

11) uehydraLlon reacLlons are used ln formlng whlch of Lhe followlng compounds?
A) Lrlacylglycerldes
8) polysaccharldes
C) proLelns
u) A and C only
L) A 8 and C

12) Pow many dlfferenL klnds of polypepLldes each composed of 12 amlno aclds could be synLheslzed
uslng Lhe 20 common amlno aclds?
A) 412
8) 1220
C) 123
u) 20
L) 2012

9$9@@@
CPA1L8 6

1) When blologlsLs wlsh Lo sLudy Lhe lnLernal ulLrasLrucLure of cells Lhey mosL llkely would use
A) a llghL mlcroscope
8) a scannlng elecLron mlcroscope
C) a Lransmlsslon elecLronlc mlcroscope
u) A and 8
L) 8 and C

2) A newspaper ad for a local Loy sLore lndlcaLes LhaL a very lnexpenslve mlcroscope avallable for a small
chlld ls able Lo magnlfy speclmens nearly as much as Lhe much more cosLly mlcroscope avallable ln your
college lab WhaL ls Lhe prlmary reason for Lhe prlce dlfference?
A) 1he ad agency ls mlsrepresenLlng Lhe ablllLy of Lhe Loy mlcroscope Lo magnlfy
8) 1he Loy mlcroscope does noL have Lhe same flne conLrol for focus of Lhe speclmen
C) 1he Loy mlcroscope magnlfles a good deal buL has low resoluLlon and Lherefore poor quallLy lmages
u) 1he college mlcroscope produces greaLer conLrasL ln Lhe speclmens
L) 1he Loy mlcroscope usually uses a dlfferenL wavelengLh of llghL source

3) 1he volume enclosed by Lhe plasma membrane of planL cells ls ofLen much larger Lhan Lhe
correspondlng volume ln anlmal cells 1he mosL reasonable explanaLlon for Lhls observaLlon ls LhaL
A) planL cells are capable of havlng a much hlgher surfaceLovolume raLlo Lhan anlmal cells
8) planL cells have a much more hlghly convoluLed (folded) plasma membrane Lhan anlmal cells
C) planL cells conLaln a large vacuole LhaL reduces Lhe volume of Lhe cyLoplasm
u) anlmal cells are more spherlcal whlle planL cells are elongaLed
L) Lhe baslc funcLlons of planL cells are very dlfferenL from Lhose of anlmal cells

4) Large numbers of rlbosomes are presenL ln cells LhaL speclallze ln produclng whlch of Lhe followlng
molecules?
A) llplds
8) sLarches
C) proLelns
u) sLerolds
L) glucose

3) Whlch Lype of organelle ls prlmarlly lnvolved ln Lhe synLhesls of olls phosphollplds and sLerolds?
A) rlbosome
8) lysosome
C) smooLh endoplasmlc reLlculum
u) mlLochondrlon
L) conLracLlle vacuole

6) Whlch sLrucLure ls Lhe slLe of Lhe synLhesls of proLelns LhaL may be exporLed from Lhe cell?
A) rough L8
8) lysosomes
C) plasmodesmaLa
u) Colgl veslcles
L) LlghL [uncLlons

7) ln anlmal cells hydrolyLlc enzymes are packaged Lo prevenL general desLrucLlon of cellular
componenLs Whlch of Lhe followlng organelles funcLlons ln Lhls comparLmenLallzaLlon?
A) chloroplasL
8) lysosome
C) cenLral vacuole
u) peroxlsome
L) glyoxysome
8) 1he llver ls lnvolved ln deLoxlflcaLlon of many polsons and drugs Whlch of Lhe followlng sLrucLures ls
prlmarlly lnvolved ln Lhls process and Lherefore abundanL ln llver cells?
A) rough L8
8) smooLh L8
C) Colgl apparaLus
u) nuclear envelope
L) 1ransporL veslcles

9) Crana Lhylakolds and sLroma are all componenLs found ln
A) vacuoles
8) chloroplasLs
C) mlLochondrla
u) lysosomes
L) nuclel

10) 1he chemlcal reacLlons lnvolved ln resplraLlon are vlrLually ldenLlcal beLween prokaryoLlc and
eukaryoLlc cells ln eukaryoLlc cells A1 ls synLheslzed prlmarlly on Lhe lnner membrane of Lhe
mlLochondrla Where are Lhe correspondlng reacLlons llkely Lo occur ln prokaryoLlc resplraLlon?
A) ln Lhe cyLoplasm
8) on Lhe lnner mlLochondrlal membrane
C) on Lhe endoplasmlc reLlculum
u) on Lhe lnner plasma membrane
L) on Lhe lnner nuclear envelope

11) A blologlsL ground up some planL leaf cells and Lhen cenLrlfuged Lhe mlxLure Lo fracLlonaLe Lhe
organelles Crganelles ln one of Lhe heavler fracLlons could produce A1 ln Lhe llghL whlle organelles ln
Lhe llghLer fracLlon could produce A1 ln Lhe dark 1he heavler and llghLer fracLlons are mosL llkely Lo
conLaln respecLlvely
A) mlLochondrla and chloroplasLs
8) chloroplasLs and peroxlsomes
C) peroxlsomes and chloroplasLs
u) chloroplasLs and mlLochondrla
L) mlLochondrla and peroxlsomes

12) Why lsnL Lhe mlLochondrlon classlfled as parL of Lhe endomembrane sysLem?
A) lL only has Lwo membrane layers
8) lLs sLrucLure ls noL derlved from Lhe L8
C) lL has Loo many veslcles
u) lL ls noL lnvolved ln proLeln synLhesls
L) lL ls noL aLLached Lo Lhe ouLer nuclear envelope

2

9$9@@@
CPA1L8 7

1) Whlch of Lhe followlng Lypes of molecules are Lhe ma[or sLrucLural componenLs of Lhe cell
membrane?
A) phosphollplds and cellulose
8) nuclelc aclds and proLelns
C) phosphollplds and proLelns
u) proLelns and cellulose

2) When blologlcal membranes are frozen and Lhen fracLured Lhey Lend Lo break along Lhe mlddle of
Lhe bllayer 1he besL explanaLlon for Lhls ls LhaL
A) Lhe lnLegral membrane proLelns are noL sLrong enough Lo hold Lhe bllayer LogeLher
8) waLer LhaL ls presenL ln Lhe mlddle of Lhe bllayer freezes and ls easlly fracLured
C) hydrophlllc lnLeracLlons beLween Lhe opposlLe membrane surfaces are desLroyed on freezlng
u) Lhe carboncarbon bonds of Lhe phosphollpld Lalls are easlly broken
L) Lhe hydrophoblc lnLeracLlons LhaL hold Lhe membrane LogeLher are weakesL aL Lhls polnL

3) 1he presence of cholesLerol ln Lhe plasma membranes of some anlmals
A) enables Lhe membrane Lo sLay fluld more easlly when cell LemperaLure drops
8) enables Lhe anlmal Lo remove hydrogen aLoms from saLuraLed phosphollplds
C) enables Lhe anlmal Lo add hydrogen aLoms Lo unsaLuraLed phosphollplds
u) makes Lhe membrane less flexlble allowlng lL Lo susLaln greaLer pressure from wlLhln Lhe cell
L) makes Lhe anlmal more suscepLlble Lo clrculaLory dlsorders

4) Accordlng Lo Lhe fluld mosalc model of cell membranes whlch of Lhe followlng ls a Lrue sLaLemenL
abouL membrane phosphollplds?
A) 1hey can move laLerally along Lhe plane of Lhe membrane
8) 1hey frequenLly fllpflop from one slde of Lhe membrane Lo Lhe oLher
C) 1hey occur ln an unlnLerrupLed bllayer wlLh membrane proLelns resLrlcLed Lo Lhe surface of Lhe
membrane
u) 1hey are free Lo deparL from Lhe membrane and dlssolve ln Lhe surroundlng soluLlon
L) 1hey have hydrophlllc Lalls ln Lhe lnLerlor of Lhe membrane

3) ln order for a proLeln Lo be an lnLegral membrane proLeln lL would have Lo be whlch of Lhe followlng?
A) hydrophlllc
8) hydrophoblc
C) amphlpaLhlc
u) compleLely covered wlLh phosphollplds
L) exposed on only one surface of Lhe membrane

6) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls a reasonable explanaLlon for why unsaLuraLed faLLy aclds help keep any
membrane more fluld aL lower LemperaLures?
A) 1he double bonds form klnks ln Lhe faLLy acld Lalls forclng ad[acenL llplds Lo be furLher aparL
8) unsaLuraLed faLLy aclds have a hlgher cholesLerol conLenL and Lherefore more cholesLerol ln
membranes
C) unsaLuraLed faLLy aclds permlL more waLer ln Lhe lnLerlor of Lhe membrane
u) 1he double bonds block lnLeracLlon among Lhe hydrophlllc head groups of Lhe llplds
3

L) 1he double bonds resulL ln shorLer faLLy acld Lalls and Lhlnner membranes

8) WhaL klnds of molecules pass Lhrough a cell membrane mosL easlly?
A) large and hydrophoblc
8) small and hydrophoblc
C) large polar
u) lonlc
L) monosaccharldes such as glucose


9) Whlch of Lhe followlng would llkely move Lhrough Lhe llpld bllayer of a plasma membrane mosL
rapldly?
A) CC
2

8) an amlno acld
C) glucose
u) k
+

L) sLarch

10) Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs ls correcL abouL dlffuslon?
A) lL ls very rapld over long dlsLances
8) lL requlres an expendlLure of energy by Lhe cell
C) lL ls a passlve process ln whlch molecules move from a reglon of hlgher concenLraLlon Lo a reglon of
lower concenLraLlon
u) lL ls an acLlve process ln whlch molecules move from a reglon of lower concenLraLlon Lo one of hlgher
concenLraLlon
L) lL requlres lnLegral proLelns ln Lhe cell membrane

11) Chlorlde lon channels are membrane sLrucLures LhaL lnclude whlch of Lhe followlng?
A) gap [uncLlons
8) aquaporlns
C) hydrophlllc proLelns
u) carbohydraLes
L) sodlum lons

12) Whlch of Lhe followlng would you expecL Lo be a problem for someone wlLh nonfuncLlonal chlorlde
channellng?
A) lnadequaLe secreLlon of mucus
8) bulldup of excesslve secreLlons ln organs such as lungs
C) bulldup of excesslve secreLlons ln glands such as Lhe pancreas
u) sweaL LhaL lncludes no naCl
L) menLal reLardaLlon due Lo low salL levels ln braln Llssue






4

use Lhe dlagram of Lhe uLube ln llgure 1 Lo answer Lhe quesLlons LhaL follow

1he soluLlons ln Lhe Lwo arms of Lhls uLube are separaLed by a membrane LhaL ls permeable Lo waLer
and glucose buL noL Lo sucrose Slde A ls half fllled wlLh a soluLlon of 2 M sucrose and 1 M glucose Slde
8 ls half fllled wlLh 1 M sucrose and 2 M glucose lnlLlally Lhe llquld levels on boLh sldes are equal



llgure 1

38) lnlLlally ln Lerms of LonlclLy Lhe soluLlon ln slde A wlLh respecL Lo LhaL ln slde 8 ls
A) hypoLonlc
8) plasmolyzed
C) lsoLonlc
u) saLuraLed
L) hyperLonlc

Answer C
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

39) AfLer Lhe sysLem reaches equlllbrlum whaL changes are observed?
A) 1he molarlLy of sucrose and glucose are equal on boLh sldes
8) 1he molarlLy of glucose ls hlgher ln slde A Lhan ln slde 8
C) 1he waLer level ls hlgher ln slde A Lhan ln slde 8
u) 1he waLer level ls unchanged
L) 1he waLer level ls hlgher ln slde 8 Lhan ln slde A

Answer C
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

40) A paLlenL has had a serlous accldenL and losL a loL of blood ln an aLLempL Lo replenlsh body flulds
dlsLllled waLer equal Lo Lhe volume of blood losL ls Lransferred dlrecLly lnLo one of hls velns WhaL wlll
be Lhe mosL probable resulL of Lhls Lransfuslon?
A) lL wlll have no unfavorable effecL as long as Lhe waLer ls free of vlruses and bacLerla
8) 1he paLlenLs red blood cells wlll shrlvel up because Lhe blood fluld ls hypoLonlc compared Lo Lhe cells
C) 1he paLlenLs red blood cells wlll swell because Lhe blood fluld ls hypoLonlc compared Lo Lhe cells
u) 1he paLlenLs red blood cells wlll shrlvel up because Lhe blood fluld ls hyperLonlc compared Lo Lhe
cells
L) 1he paLlenLs red blood cells wlll bursL because Lhe blood fluld ls hyperLonlc compared Lo Lhe cells
5

Answer C
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

41) Celery sLalks LhaL are lmmersed ln fresh waLer for several hours become sLlff and hard Slmllar sLalks
lefL ln a salL soluLlon become llmp and sofL lrom Lhls we can deduce LhaL Lhe cells of Lhe celery sLalks
are
A) hypoLonlc Lo boLh fresh waLer and Lhe salL soluLlon
8) hyperLonlc Lo boLh fresh waLer and Lhe salL soluLlon
C) hyperLonlc Lo fresh waLer buL hypoLonlc Lo Lhe salL soluLlon
u) hypoLonlc Lo fresh waLer buL hyperLonlc Lo Lhe salL soluLlon
L) lsoLonlc wlLh fresh waLer buL hypoLonlc Lo Lhe salL soluLlon

Answer C
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

42) A cell whose cyLoplasm has a concenLraLlon of 002 molar glucose ls placed ln a LesL Lube of waLer
conLalnlng 002 molar glucose Assumlng LhaL glucose ls noL acLlvely LransporLed lnLo Lhe cell whlch of
Lhe followlng Lerms descrlbes Lhe LonlclLy of Lhe exLernal soluLlon relaLlve Lo Lhe cyLoplasm of Lhe cell?
A) Lurgld
8) hyperLonlc
C) hypoLonlc
u) flaccld
L) lsoLonlc

Answer L
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

8efer Lo llgure 73 Lo answer Lhe followlng quesLlons

1he soluLlons ln Lhe arms of a uLube are separaLed aL Lhe boLLom of Lhe Lube by a selecLlvely
permeable membrane 1he membrane ls permeable Lo sodlum chlorlde buL noL Lo glucose Slde A ls
fllled wlLh a soluLlon of 04 M glucose and 03 M sodlum chlorlde (naCl) and slde 8 ls fllled wlLh a
soluLlon conLalnlng 08 M glucose and 04 M sodlum chlorlde lnlLlally Lhe volume ln boLh arms ls Lhe
same


6

llgure 73

43) AL Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe experlmenL
A) slde A ls hyperLonlc Lo slde 8
8) slde A ls hypoLonlc Lo slde 8
C) slde A ls lsoLonlc Lo slde 8
u) slde A ls hyperLonlc Lo slde 8 wlLh respecL Lo glucose
L) slde A ls hypoLonlc Lo slde 8 wlLh respecL Lo sodlum chlorlde

Answer
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

44) lf you examlne slde A afLer 3 days you should flnd
A) a decrease ln Lhe concenLraLlon of naCl and glucose and an lncrease ln Lhe waLer level
8) a decrease ln Lhe concenLraLlon of naCl an lncrease ln waLer level and no change ln Lhe
concenLraLlon of glucose
C) no neL change ln Lhe sysLem
u) a decrease ln Lhe concenLraLlon of naCl and a decrease ln Lhe waLer level
L) no change ln Lhe concenLraLlon of naCl and glucose and an lncrease ln Lhe waLer level

Answer u
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

43) Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs correcLly descrlbes Lhe normal LonlclLy condlLlons for Lyplcal planL
and anlmal cells?
A) 1he anlmal cell ls ln a hypoLonlc soluLlon and Lhe planL cell ls ln an lsoLonlc soluLlon
8) 1he anlmal cell ls ln an lsoLonlc soluLlon and Lhe planL cell ls ln a hyperLonlc soluLlon
C) 1he anlmal cell ls ln a hyperLonlc soluLlon and Lhe planL cell ls ln an lsoLonlc soluLlon
u) 1he anlmal cell ls ln an lsoLonlc soluLlon and Lhe planL cell ls ln a hypoLonlc soluLlon
L) 1he anlmal cell ls ln a hyperLonlc soluLlon and Lhe planL cell ls ln a hypoLonlc soluLlon

Answer u
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll knowledge/Comprehenslon

8ead Lhe followlng lnformaLlon and refer Lo llgure 74 Lo answer Lhe followlng quesLlons

llve dlalysls bags consLrucLed from a semlpermeable membrane LhaL ls lmpermeable Lo sucrose were
fllled wlLh varlous concenLraLlons of sucrose and Lhen placed ln separaLe beakers conLalnlng an lnlLlal
concenLraLlon of 06 M sucrose soluLlon AL 10mlnuLe lnLervals Lhe bags were massed (welghed) and
Lhe percenL change ln mass of each bag was graphed

7

llgure 74

46) Whlch llne represenLs Lhe bag LhaL conLalned a soluLlon lsoLonlc Lo Lhe 06 molar soluLlon aL Lhe
beglnnlng of Lhe experlmenL?

Answer C
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

47) Whlch llne represenLs Lhe bag wlLh Lhe hlghesL lnlLlal concenLraLlon of sucrose?

Answer A
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

48) Whlch llne or llnes represenL(s) bags LhaL conLaln a soluLlon LhaL ls hyperLonlc aL Lhe end of 60
mlnuLes?
A) A and 8
8) 8
C) C
u) u
L) u and L

Answer 8
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

49) ?ou are worklng on a Leam LhaL ls deslgnlng a new drug ln order for Lhls drug Lo work lL musL enLer
Lhe cyLoplasm of speclflc LargeL cells Whlch of Lhe followlng would be a facLor LhaL deLermlnes wheLher
Lhe molecule enLers Lhe cell?
A) blood or Llssue Lype of Lhe paLlenL
8) nonpolarlLy of Lhe drug molecule
C) lack of charge on Lhe drug molecule
u) slmllarlLy of Lhe drug molecule Lo oLher molecules LransporLed by Lhe LargeL cells
L) llpld composlLlon of Lhe LargeL cells plasma membrane
8

Answer u
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

30) ln whlch of Lhe followlng would Lhere be Lhe greaLesL need for osmoregulaLlon?
A) an anlmal connecLlve Llssue cell baLhed ln lsoLonlc body fluld
8) a LerresLrlal anlmal such as a snake
C) a red blood cell surrounded by plasma
u) a lymphocyLe before lL has been Laken back lnLo lymph fluld
L) a planL belng grown hydroponlcally (ln a waLery mlxLure of deslgnaLed nuLrlenLs)

Answer 8
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll SynLhesls/LvaluaLlon

31) When a planL cell such as one from a peony sLem ls submerged ln a very hypoLonlc soluLlon whaL ls
llkely Lo occur?
A) Lhe cell wlll bursL
8) Lhe cell membrane wlll lyse
C) plasmolysls wlll shrlnk Lhe lnLerlor
u) Lhe cell wlll become flaccld
L) Lhe cell wlll become Lurgld

Answer L
1oplc ConcepL 73
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls

32) Whlch of Lhe followlng membrane acLlvlLles requlre energy from A1 hydrolysls?
A) faclllLaLed dlffuslon
8) movemenL of waLer lnLo a cell
C) na
+
lons movlng ouL of Lhe cell
u) movemenL of glucose molecules
L) movemenL of waLer lnLo a parameclum

Answer C
1oplc ConcepL 74
Sklll AppllcaLlon/Analysls










9

9$9@@@
CPA1L8 8

1) Whlch Lerm mosL preclsely descrlbes Lhe cellular process of breaklng down large molecules lnLo
smaller ones?
A) caLalysls
8) meLabollsm
C) anabollsm
u) dehydraLlon
L) caLabollsm

2) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls (are) Lrue for anabollc paLhways?
A) 1hey do noL depend on enzymes
8) 1hey are usually hlghly sponLaneous chemlcal reacLlons
C) 1hey consume energy Lo bulld up polymers from monomers
u) 1hey release energy as Lhey degrade polymers Lo monomers

3) Llvlng organlsms lncrease ln complexlLy as Lhey grow resulLlng ln a decrease ln Lhe enLropy of an
organlsm Pow does Lhls relaLe Lo Lhe second law of Lhermodynamlcs?
A) Llvlng organlsms do noL obey Lhe second law of Lhermodynamlcs whlch sLaLes LhaL enLropy musL
lncrease wlLh Llme
8) Llfe obeys Lhe second law of Lhermodynamlcs because Lhe decrease ln enLropy as Lhe organlsm grows
ls balanced by an lncrease ln Lhe enLropy of Lhe unlverse
C) Llvlng organlsms do noL follow Lhe laws of Lhermodynamlcs
u) As a consequence of growlng organlsms creaLe more dlsorder ln Lhelr envlronmenL Lhan Lhe
decrease ln enLropy assoclaLed wlLh Lhelr growLh
L) Llvlng organlsms are able Lo Lransform energy lnLo enLropy

4) Whenever energy ls Lransformed Lhere ls always an lncrease ln Lhe
A) free energy of Lhe sysLem
8) free energy of Lhe unlverse
C) enLropy of Lhe sysLem
u) enLropy of Lhe unlverse
L) enLhalpy of Lhe unlverse

3) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls consldered an open sysLem?
A) an organlsm
8) llquld ln a corked boLLle
C) a sealed Lerrarlum
u) food cooklng ln a pressure cooker

6) 1he maLhemaLlcal expresslon for Lhe change ln free energy of a sysLem ls @C @n1@5 Whlch of
Lhe followlng ls (are) correcL?
A) @5 ls Lhe change ln enLhalpy a measure of randomness
8) @n ls Lhe change ln enLropy Lhe energy avallable Lo do work
C) @C ls Lhe change ln free energy
u) 1 ls Lhe LemperaLure ln degrees Celslus

2

7) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls Lrue for all exergonlc reacLlons?

A) 1he producLs have more LoLal energy Lhan Lhe reacLanLs
8) 1he reacLlon proceeds wlLh a neL release of free energy
C) Some reacLanLs wlll be converLed Lo producLs
u) A neL lnpuL of energy from Lhe surroundlngs ls requlred for Lhe reacLlons Lo proceed
L) 1he reacLlons are nonsponLaneous

8) A chemlcal reacLlon LhaL has a poslLlve @C ls correcLly descrlbed as
A) endergonlc
8) endoLhermlc
C) enLhalplc
u) sponLaneous
L) exoLhermlc

9) When 10000 molecules of A1 are hydrolyzed Lo Au and l ln a LesL Lube abouL Lwlce as much heaL
ls llberaLed as when a cell hydrolyzes Lhe same amounL of A1 Whlch of Lhe followlng ls Lhe besL
explanaLlon for Lhls observaLlon?
A) Cells are open sysLems buL a LesL Lube ls a closed sysLem
8) Cells are less efflclenL aL heaL producLlon Lhan nonllvlng sysLems
C) 1he hydrolysls of A1 ln a cell produces dlfferenL chemlcal producLs Lhan does Lhe reacLlon ln a LesL
Lube
u) 1he reacLlon ln cells musL be caLalyzed by enzymes buL Lhe reacLlon ln a LesL Lube does noL need
enzymes
L) 8eacLanL and producL concenLraLlons are noL Lhe same

10) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls mosL slmllar ln sLrucLure Lo A1?
A) an anabollc sLerold
8) a unA hellx
C) an 8nA nucleoLlde
u) an amlno acld wlLh Lhree phosphaLe groups aLLached
L) a phosphollpld

11) When A1 releases some energy lL also releases lnorganlc phosphaLe WhaL purpose does Lhls serve
(lf any) ln Lhe cell?
A) lL ls released as an excreLory wasLe
8) lL can only be used Lo regeneraLe more A1
C) lL can be added Lo waLer and excreLed as a llquld
u) lL can be added Lo oLher molecules ln order Lo acLlvaLe Lhem
L) lL can enLer Lhe nucleus Lo affecL gene expresslon

12) Zlnc an essenLlal Lrace elemenL for mosL organlsms ls presenL ln Lhe acLlve slLe of Lhe enzyme
carboxypepLldase 1he zlnc mosL llkely funcLlons as a(n)
A) compeLlLlve lnhlblLor of Lhe enzyme
8) noncompeLlLlve lnhlblLor of Lhe enzyme
C) allosLerlc acLlvaLor of Lhe enzyme
u) cofacLor necessary for enzyme acLlvlLy
L) coenzyme derlved from a vlLamln

2

9$9@@@
CPA1L8 9

1) WhaL ls Lhe Lerm for meLabollc paLhways LhaL release sLored energy by breaklng down complex
molecules?
A) anabollc paLhways
8) caLabollc paLhways
C) fermenLaLlon paLhways
u) Lhermodynamlc paLhways
L) bloenergeLlc paLhways

2) 1he molecule LhaL funcLlons as Lhe reduclng agenL (elecLron donor) ln a redox or oxldaLlonreducLlon
reacLlon
A) galns elecLrons and galns energy
8) loses elecLrons and loses energy
C) galns elecLrons and loses energy
u) loses elecLrons and galns energy
L) nelLher galns nor loses elecLrons buL galns or loses energy

3) When elecLrons move closer Lo a more elecLronegaLlve aLom whaL happens?
A) Lnergy ls released
8) Lnergy ls consumed
C) 1he more elecLronegaLlve aLom ls reduced
u) 1he more elecLronegaLlve aLom ls oxldlzed
L) A and C are correcL

4) Why does Lhe oxldaLlon of organlc compounds by molecular oxygen Lo produce CC
2
and waLer
release free energy?
A) 1he covalenL bonds ln organlc molecules are hlgher energy bonds Lhan Lhose ln waLer and carbon
dloxlde
8) LlecLrons are belng moved from aLoms LhaL have a lower afflnlLy for elecLrons (such as C) Lo aLoms
wlLh a hlgher afflnlLy for elecLrons (such as C)
C) 1he oxldaLlon of organlc compounds can be used Lo make A1
u) 1he elecLrons have a hlgher poLenLlal energy when assoclaLed wlLh waLer and CC
2
Lhan Lhey do ln
organlc compounds
L) 1he covalenL bond ln C
2
ls unsLable and easlly broken by elecLrons from organlc molecules

3) Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs descrlbes Lhe resulLs of Lhls reacLlon?
C
6
P
12
C
6
+ 6 C
2
6 CC
2
+ 6 P
2
C + Lnergy
A) C
6
P
12
C
6
ls oxldlzed and C
2
ls reduced
8) C
2
ls oxldlzed and P
2
C ls reduced
C) CC
2
ls reduced and C
2
ls oxldlzed
u) C
6
P
12
C
6
ls reduced and CC
2
ls oxldlzed
L) C
2
ls reduced and CC
2
ls oxldlzed


22

6) Why are carbohydraLes and faLs consldered hlgh energy foods?

A) 1hey have a loL of oxygen aLoms
8) 1hey have no nlLrogen ln Lhelr makeup
C) 1hey can have very long carbon skeleLons
u) 1hey have a loL of elecLrons assoclaLed wlLh hydrogen
L) 1hey are easlly reduced

7) SubsLraLelevel phosphorylaLlon accounLs for approxlmaLely whaL percenLage of Lhe A1 formed
durlng glycolysls?
A) 0
8) 2
C) 10
u) 38
L) 100

8) 1he free energy for Lhe oxldaLlon of glucose Lo CC
2
and waLer ls 686 kcal/mole and Lhe free energy
for Lhe reducLlon of nAu+ Lo nAuP ls +33 kcal/mole Why are only Lwo molecules of nAuP formed
durlng glycolysls when lL appears LhaL as many as a dozen could be formed?
A) MosL of Lhe free energy avallable from Lhe oxldaLlon of glucose ls used ln Lhe producLlon of A1 ln
glycolysls
8) Clycolysls ls a very lnefflclenL reacLlon wlLh much of Lhe energy of glucose released as heaL
C) MosL of Lhe free energy avallable from Lhe oxldaLlon of glucose remalns ln pyruvaLe one of Lhe
producLs of glycolysls
u) 1here ls no CC
2
or waLer produced as producLs of glycolysls
L) Clycolysls conslsLs of many enzymaLlc reacLlons each of whlch exLracLs some energy from Lhe glucose
molecule

9) Pow many molecules of carbon dloxlde (CC
2
) would be produced by flve Lurns of Lhe clLrlc acld cycle?
A) 2
8) 3
C) 10
u) 12
L) 60

11) Pow many reduced dlnucleoLldes would be produced wlLh four Lurns of Lhe clLrlc acld cycle?
A) 1 lAuP
2
and 4 nAuP
8) 2 lAuP
2
and 8 nAuP
C) 4 lAuP
2
and 12 nAuP
u) 1 lAu and 4 nAu
+

L) 4 lAu
+
and 12 nAu
+


12) Lnergy released by Lhe elecLron LransporL chaln ls used Lo pump P+ lons lnLo whlch locaLlon?
A) cyLosol
8) mlLochondrlal ouLer membrane
C) mlLochondrlal lnner membrane
u) mlLochondrlal lnLermembrane space
23

PRE /POST TEST

CHAPTER 10 3/22/10

1) The summury equutlon for photosynthesls ls
A) 6 CO
2
6 H
2
O sunllght C
6
H
12
O
6
6 O
2
.
B) C
5
H
12
O
6
6

O
2
sunllght 5 CO
2
6

H
2
O.
C) C
6
H
12
O
6
6

O
2
sunllght 6 CO
2
6 H
2
O.
D) the sume us the equutlon for glycolysls wrltten ln reverse.
E) 6 CH
2
O 5 O
2
sunllght CO
2
2 H
2
O.

2) Photouutotrophs
A) muke sugur by uslng orgunlc ruw muterluls.
B) produce orgunlc molecules from lnorgunlc molecules.
C) eut other orgunlsms thut use llght energy to muke food molecules.
D) lnclude only the green plunts.
E) ure only found on lund.

3) In the chloroplust, sugurs ure mude ln u compurtment thut ls fllled wlth u thlck fluld culled the
A) stomutu.
B) thylukold.
C) mutrlx.
D) stromu.
E) mesophyll.

4) If you expose u photosyntheslzlng plunt to wuter thut contulns both rudlouctlve H und rudlouctlve O, ln
whlch of the products of photosynthesls wlll the rudlouctlve H und O show up?
A) H und O both ln glucose
B) H ln glucose; O ln wuter
C) H ln wuter; O ln glucose
D) H ln glucose und wuter; O ln O
2
E) H ln glucose und wuter; O ln wuter und O
2

5) Whlch of the followlng ure produced durlng the llght reuctlons of photosynthesls?
A) glucose, ADP, NADP

B) glucose, ADP, NADP

, CO
2
C) ADP, NADP

, O
2
D) ATP, NADPH, O
2
E) ATP, NADPH, CO
2

6) Whlch of the followlng ure produced durlng the Culvln cycle?
A) glucose, ADP, NADP

B) glucose, ADP, NADP

, CO
2
C) ADP, NADP

, O
2
D) ATP, NADPH, O
2
E) ATP, NADPH, CO
2
7) Of the followlng wuvelengths of llght, whlch would you expect to be reflected or trunsmltted by chlorophyll
u?
A) blue
B) green
C) yellow
D) orunge
E) red

8) Plunts use sugurs us
24

A) u fuel for photophosphorylutlon.

B) u fuel for photosynthesls.
C) u sturtlng muterlul for the Culvln cycle.
D) u source of electrons for chemlosmosls.
E) u fuel for cellulur resplrutlon und u sturtlng muterlul for muklng other orgunlc molecules.

Scenurlo Questlons

After reudlng the followlng purugruph, unswer the questlon(s) below.

You're conductlng un experlment to determlne the effect of dlfferent wuvelengths of llght on the ubsorptlon of
curbon dloxlde us un lndlcutor of the rute of photosynthesls ln uquutlc ecosystems. If the rute of photosynthesls
lncreuses, the umount of curbon dloxlde ln the envlronment wlll decreuse und vlce versu. You've udded un
lndlcutor to euch solutlon. When the curbon dloxlde concentrutlon decreuses, the color of the lndlcutor solutlon
ulso chunges.

Smull uquutlc plunts ure pluced lnto three contulners of wuter mlxed wlth curbon dloxlde und lndlcutor solutlon.
Contulner A ls pluced under normul sunllght, B under green llght, und C under red llght. The contulners ure
observed for u 24hour perlod.

10) Bused on your knowledge of the process of photosynthesls, the plunt ln the contulner pluced under red
llght would probubly
A) ubsorb no CO
2
.
B) ubsorb the sume umount of CO
2
us the plunts under both the green llght und normul sunllght.
C) ubsorb the sume umount of CO
2
us the plunts under the green llght.
D) ubsorb less CO
2
thun the plunts under green llght.
E) ubsorb more CO
2
thun the plunts under the green llght.

11) Curbon dloxlde ubsorptlon ls un upproprlute lndlcutor of photosynthesls becuuse
A) CO
2
ls needed to produce sugurs ln the Culvln cycle.
B) CO
2
ls needed to complete the llght reuctlons.
C) plunts produce oxygen gus by spllttlng CO
2
.
D) the energy ln CO
2
ls used to produce ATP und NADPH.
E) CO
2
energlzes electrons ln the electron trunsport system.



PRE /POST TEST
CHAPTER 12 10/29/09

1) 1he creaLlon of offsprlng carrylng geneLlc lnformaLlon from a slngle parenL ls called
A) asexual reproducLlon
8) sexual reproducLlon
C) a llfe cycle
u) regeneraLlon
L) sponLaneous generaLlon

2) Whlch of Lhe followlng sLaLemenLs regardlng sexual and asexual reproducLlon ls ttoe?
A) Cell dlvlslon only occurs afLer sexual reproducLlon
8) Cnly offsprlng from asexual reproducLlon lnherlL LralLs from Lwo parenLs
C) Sexual reproducLlon Lyplcally lncludes Lhe developmenL of unferLlllzed eggs
u) Sexual reproducLlon ls more llkely Lo lncrease geneLlc varlaLlon Lhan ls asexual reproducLlon
L) Cnly asexual reproducLlon resulLs from Lhe unlon of a sperm and an egg

25

3) 1he cenLromere ls a reglon ln whlch

A) chromaLlds remaln aLLached Lo one anoLher unLll anaphase
8) meLaphase chromosomes become allgned aL Lhe meLaphase plaLe
C) chromosomes are grouped durlng Lelophase
u) Lhe nucleus ls locaLed prlor Lo mlLosls
L) new splndle mlcroLubules form aL elLher end

4) WhaL ls a chromaLld?
A) a chromosome ln C
1
of Lhe cell cycle
8) a repllcaLe chromosome
C) a chromosome found ouLslde Lhe nucleus
u) a speclal reglon LhaL holds Lwo cenLromeres LogeLher
L) anoLher name for Lhe chromosomes found ln geneLlcs

3) SLarLlng wlLh a ferLlllzed egg (zygoLe) a serles of flve cell dlvlslons would produce an early embryo wlLh how
many cells?
A) 4
8) 8
C) 16
u) 32
L) 64

6) lf cells ln Lhe process of dlvldlng are sub[ecLed Lo colchlclne a drug LhaL lnLerferes wlLh Lhe funcLlonlng of Lhe
splndle apparaLus aL whlch sLage wlll mlLosls be arresLed?
A) anaphase
8) prophase
C) Lelophase
u) meLaphase
L) lnLerphase






7) A cell conLalnlng 92 chromaLlds aL meLaphase of mlLosls would aL lLs compleLlon produce Lwo nuclel each
conLalnlng how many chromosomes?
A) 12
8) 16
C) 23
u) 46
L) 92

26

llgure 121

8) lf Lhe cell whose nuclear maLerlal ls shown ln llgure 122 conLlnues Loward compleLlon of mlLosls whlch of Lhe
followlng evenLs would occur nexL?
A) cell membrane synLhesls
8) splndle flber formaLlon
C) nuclear envelope breakdown
u) formaLlon of Lelophase nuclel
L) synLhesls of chromaLlds

9) lf Lhere are 20 cenLromeres ln a cell aL anaphase how many chromosomes are Lhere ln each daughLer cell
followlng cyLoklnesls?
A) 10
8) 20
C) 30
u) 40
L) 80

63) A muLaLlon resulLs ln a cell LhaL no longer produces a normal proLeln klnase for Lhe M phase checkpolnL Whlch
of Lhe followlng would llkely be Lhe lmmedlaLe resulL of Lhls muLaLlon?
A) 1he cell would premaLurely enLer anaphase
8) 1he cell would never leave meLaphase
C) 1he cell would never enLer meLaphase
u) 1he cell would never enLer prophase
L) 1he cell would undergo normal mlLosls buL fall Lo enLer Lhe nexL C
1
phase







use Lhe daLa ln 1able 121 Lo answer Lhe followlng quesLlons

1he daLa were obLalned from a sLudy of Lhe lengLh of Llme spenL ln each phase of Lhe cell cycle by cells of Lhree
eukaryoLlc organlsms deslgnaLed beLa delLa and gamma


27

1able 121 MlnuLes SpenL ln Cell Cycle hases

18) Cf Lhe followlng Lhe besL concluslon concernlng Lhe dlfference beLween Lhe S phases for beLa and gamma ls
LhaL
A) gamma conLalns more unA Lhan beLa
8) beLa and gamma conLaln Lhe same amounL of unA
C) beLa conLalns more 8nA Lhan gamma
u) gamma conLalns 48 Llmes more unA and 8nA Lhan beLa
L) beLa ls a planL cell and gamma ls an anlmal cell

19) 1he besL concluslon concernlng delLa ls LhaL Lhe cells
A) conLaln no unA
8) conLaln no 8nA
C) conLaln only one chromosome LhaL ls very shorL
u) are acLually ln Lhe C
0
phase
L) dlvlde ln Lhe C
1
phase



1he followlng quesLlons are based on llgure 123

PRE /POST TEST
CHAPTER 13 10/29/09

1) WhaL ls a genome?
A) 1he compleLe complemenL of an organlsms genes
8) A speclflc seL of polypepLldes wlLhln each cell
C) A speclallzed polymer of four dlfferenL klnds of monomers
u) A speclflc segmenL of unA LhaL ls found wlLhln a prokaryoLlc chromosome
L) An ordered dlsplay of chromosomes arranged from largesL Lo smallesL

28

4) lf a horLlculLurlsL breedlng gardenlas succeeds ln havlng a slngle planL wlLh a parLlcularly deslrable seL of LralLs
whlch of Lhe followlng would be her mosL probable and efflclenL rouLe Lo esLabllshlng a llne of such planLs?
A) 8ackLrack Lhrough her prevlous experlmenLs Lo obLaln anoLher planL wlLh Lhe same LralLs
8) 8reed Lhls planL wlLh anoLher planL wlLh much weaker LralLs
C) Clone Lhe planL asexually Lo produce an ldenLlcal one
u) lorce Lhe planL Lo selfpolllnaLe Lo obLaln an ldenLlcal one
L) Add nlLrogen Lo Lhe soll of Lhe offsprlng of Lhls planL so Lhe deslred LralLs conLlnue

3) 1he human genome ls mlnlmally conLalned ln whlch of Lhe followlng?
A) Lvery human cell
8) Lach human chromosome
C) 1he enLlre unA of a slngle human
u) 1he enLlre human populaLlon
L) Lach human gene

4) AL whlch sLage of mlLosls are chromosomes usually phoLographed ln Lhe preparaLlon of a karyoLype?
A) rophase
8) MeLaphase
C) Anaphase
u) 1elophase
L) lnLerphase

3) Whlch of Lhe followlng ls Lrue of a specles LhaL has a chromosome number of 2n 16?
A) 1he specles ls dlplold wlLh 32 chromosomes per cell
8) 1he specles has 16 seLs of chromosomes per cell
C) Lach cell has 8 homologous palrs
u) uurlng Lhe S phase of Lhe cell cycle Lhere wlll be 32 separaLe chromosomes
L) A gameLe from Lhls specles has 4 chromosomes

6) Whlch of Lhese sLaLemenLs ls false?
A) ln humans each of Lhe 22 maLernal auLosomes has a homologous paLernal chromosome
8) ln humans Lhe 23rd palr Lhe sex chromosomes deLermlnes wheLher Lhe person ls female (xx) or male (x?)
C) Slngle haplold (n) seLs of chromosomes ln ovum and sperm unlLe durlng ferLlllzaLlon formlng a dlplold (2)
slnglecelled zygoLe
u) AL sexual maLurlLy ovarles and LesLes produce dlplold gameLes by melosls
L) Sexual llfe cycles dlffer wlLh respecL Lo Lhe relaLlve Llmlng of melosls and ferLlllzaLlon





7) A Lrlplold cell conLalns Lhree seLs of chromosomes lf a cell of a usually dlplold specles wlLh 42 chromosomes per
cell ls Lrlplold Lhls cell would be expecLed Lo have whlch of Lhe followlng?
A) 63 chromosomes ln 31 1/2 palrs
8) 63 chromosomes ln 21 seLs of 3
C) 63 chromosomes each wlLh Lhree chromaLlds
u) 21 chromosome palrs and 21 unlque chromosomes

8) AfLer Lelophase l of melosls Lhe chromosomal makeup of each daughLer cell ls
A) dlplold and Lhe chromosomes are each composed of a slngle chromaLld
8) dlplold and Lhe chromosomes are each composed of Lwo chromaLlds
C) haplold and Lhe chromosomes are each composed of a slngle chromaLld
u) haplold and Lhe chromosomes are each composed of Lwo chromaLlds
29

L) LeLraplold and Lhe chromosomes are each composed of Lwo chromaLlds

9) Pow do cells aL Lhe compleLlon of melosls compare wlLh cells LhaL have repllcaLed Lhelr unA and are [usL abouL
Lo begln melosls?
A) 1hey have Lwlce Lhe amounL of cyLoplasm and half Lhe amounL of unA
8) 1hey have half Lhe number of chromosomes and half Lhe amounL of unA
C) 1hey have Lhe same number of chromosomes and half Lhe amounL of unA
u) 1hey have half Lhe number of chromosomes and onefourLh Lhe amounL of unA
L) 1hey have half Lhe amounL of cyLoplasm and Lwlce Lhe amounL of unA

10) Pomologous chromosomes synapse and crosslng over occurs
A) 1he sLaLemenL ls Lrue for mlLosls only
8) 1he sLaLemenL ls Lrue for melosls l only
C) 1he sLaLemenL ls Lrue for melosls ll only
u) 1he sLaLemenL ls Lrue for mlLosls and melosls l
L) 1he sLaLemenL ls Lrue for mlLosls and melosls ll

11) ?ou have ln your possesslon a mlcroscope sllde wlLh meloLlc cells on lL and a llghL mlcroscope WhaL would you
look for lf you wanLed Lo ldenLlfy meLaphase l cells on Lhe sllde?
A) A vlslble nuclear envelope
8) SeparaLed slsLer chromaLlds aL each pole of Lhe cell
C) 1eLrads llned up aL Lhe cenLer of Lhe cell
u) A synapLonemal complex
L) A cleavage furrow

12) lf an organlsm ls dlplold and a cerLaln gene found ln Lhe organlsm has 18 known alleles (varlanLs) Lhen any
glven organlsm of LhaL specles can/musL have whlch of Lhe followlng?
A) AL mosL 2 alleles for LhaL gene
8) up Lo 18 chromosomes wlLh LhaL gene
C) up Lo 18 genes for LhaL LralL
u) A haplold number of 9 chromosomes
L) up Lo buL noL more Lhan 18 dlfferenL LralLs

13) lor a specles wlLh a haplold number of 23 chromosomes how many dlfferenL comblnaLlons of maLernal and
paLernal chromosomes are posslble for Lhe gameLes?
A) 23
8) 46
C) 460
u) 920
L) AbouL 8 mllllon