Commercial / Industrial Fuels Comparison of Energy Costs

Notes:
1. Ex-works price. Add delivery costs as appropriate. Actual prices also depend on quality purchased. 2. Prices used are an average of wholesale scheduled prices, exclusive of any rebates that may apply. Rebate may reduce fuel cost in the region of 20-25% depending on various market conditions. Please contact your petroleum supplier for current prices. 3. Prices available on request from suppliers for L.P.G. quantities over three tonnes. 4. Gas prices are VAT Incl prices from the EU Price Directive Survey, & represent prices for 01/07/2010 to 31/12/2010 (Prices updated every 6 mths) For methodology and more details please the the following report : http://www.seai.ie/Publications/Statistics_Publications/ EPSSU_Publications/Electricity_and_Gas_Prices/ Electricity_Gas_Prices_in_Ireland.pdf Carbon tax of 0.00277 per kWh is included in the prices 5 Electricity prices are VAT Incl prices from the EU Price Directive Survey, & represent prices for 01/07/2010 to 31/12/2010 (Prices updated every 6 mths) For methodology and more details please the the following report : http://www.seai.ie/Publications/Statistics_Publications/ EPSSU_Publications/Electricity_and_Gas_Prices/ Electricity_Gas_Prices_in_Ireland.pdf 6. PSO LEVY: The Commission for Energy Regulation (CER) has determined payment for Maximum and Large customers (max import capacity >=30kVA) for the period 1/10/2010 to 30/09/2011 to be: Small commercial (max import capacity < 30kVA) 8.25/cust per mth Medium & large customers (max import capacity >= 30kVA) = 1.15/kVA See www.cer.ie for more details 7. All ROI prices are inclusive of 13.5% VAT . NI VAT rate of 17.5% applies for wood purchased in the North. 8. Wood fuel prices may vary from the average, given the fragmented supplier network at present. 9. Minimum delivery conditions may apply. Discounts may apply for larger quantities. Commercial Cylinders
1

01-Jul-11

Fuel

Form

Unit of Supply

Average Price per Unit ()

Gross Calorific Value (kWh/unit) 7759.2

Delivered Energy Cost cent/kWh 0.71

Percentage change since 1 April, 2011 -

Percentage change since 1 July, 2010 -

Coal

Industrial Fines

Tonne

55.00

Oil 2 Incl Carbon Tax

Gas Oil Light Fuel Oil Medium Fuel Oil Heavy Fuel Oil

Litre Litre Litre Litre

0.967 0.932 0.916 0.896

10.55 11.21 11.32 11.45

9.16 8.31 8.09 7.83

-7.1% -4.0% -2.9% -1.9%

+12.1% +16.4% +19.3% +19.0%

kg Litre Litre

1.948 0.803 0.732

13.96 7.09 7.09

13.95 11.33 10.33

+7.1% +14.2% +12.7%

L.P.G. Incl Carbon Tax

Bulk L.P.G. (0-3 tonnes) 3 Bulk L.P.G. (3.1-40 tonnes)

Natural Gas 4 Incl Carbon Tax (see note)

Band I1: <1000 GJ per annum Band I2: >=1000 <10,000 GJ per annum Band I3: >=10,000 <100,000 GJ per annum Band I4: >=100,000 <1,000,000 GJ per annum

kWh kWh kWh kWh

0.0471 0.0425 0.0348 0.0268

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

4.71 4.25 3.48 2.68

n/a n/a n/a n/a

N/A due to break in timeseries, new data source Electricity 5, 6 (see note)
Band IA: <20MWh per annum Band IB: >=20 < 500 MWh per annum Band IC: >=500 < 2000 MWh per annum Band ID: >=2000 < 20,000 MWh per annum Band IE: >=20,000 < 70,000 MWh per annum Band IF: >=70,000 < 150,000 MWh per annum

kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh

0.1932 0.1525 0.1275 0.0976 0.0901 Confidential

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

19.32 15.25 12.75 9.76 9.01 Confidential

n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

N/A due to break in timeseries, new data source

Wood 8

Fuel Chips (35% moisture) Pellets bulk delivery 9 Pellets bagged

kg wet kg kg

0.10 0.21 0.25

3.2 4.8 4.8

3.10 4.45 5.26

-9.1% +8.8% -2.0%

-9.1% +12.7% -3.4%

Special Notes: Page 1 of Note: New source for Electricity and Gas Prices from October 2010 : Due to full deregulation of the market, prices are now sourced from the prices gathered for the EU Gas & Electricity Price Transparency Directive. Prices are updated 6 monthly. See notes 4 & 5 and also http://www.seai.ie/Publications/Statistics_Publications/EPSSU_Publications/ for the latest report. Electricity PSO Levy introduced from 1st Oct 2010, see note 6 Carbon Tax was introduced for Oil, L.P.G and Natural Gas on 1st May 2010. See www.revenue.ie for more details.

The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) is financed by Irelands EU Structural Funds Programme co-funded by the Irish Government and the European Union

Commercial / Industrial Fuels Comparison of Useful Energy Costs for Space Heating
Notes:
10. Efficiencies quoted are seasonal efficiencies, where Seasonal Efficiency = Conversion Efficiency x Utilisation Efficiency. 11. Delivered energy costs quoted are for the conditions stated overleaf.

01-Jul-11

Fuel

Form

Delivered Cost 11 (c/kWh) 90% 0.79 80% 0.89 70% 1.01

Efficiency Ratings 10 60% 50% 40% 1.18 1.42 1.77

Heating Types & Efficiencies 30% 2.36 20% 3.54 10% 7.09 Solid Fuel Boiler 65% - 75%

Coal

Industrial Fines

0.71

Oil

Gas Oil Light Fuel Oil Medium Fuel Oil Heavy Fuel Oil

9.16 8.31 8.09 7.83

10.18 9.24 8.99 8.70

11.45 10.39 10.11 9.78

13.09 11.88 11.56 11.18

15.27 13.86 13.48 13.05

18.32 16.63 16.18 15.66

22.90 20.79 20.22 19.57

30.54 27.71 26.96 26.09

45.81 41.57 40.45 39.14

91.61 83.14 80.89 78.28

Gas or Oil Fired Boiler or Air Heater 65% - 75% Storage Heater 90%

Commercial Cylinders

13.95 11.33 10.33

15.50 12.58 11.48

17.44 14.16 12.91

19.93 16.18 14.76

23.26 18.88 17.22

27.91 22.65 20.66

34.88 28.31 25.83

46.51 37.75 34.43

69.77 56.63 51.65

139.53 113.25 103.30

Electric Heater 100%

L.P.G.

Bulk L.P.G. (0-3 tonnes) Bulk L.P.G. (3.1-40 tonnes)

Direct Gas Fired Heater Natural Gas

Band I1: <1000 GJ per annum Band I2: >=1000 <10,000 GJ per annum Band I3: >=10,000 <100,000 GJ per annum Band I4: >=100,000 <1,000,000 GJ per annum

4.71 4.25

5.24 4.73

5.89 5.32

6.73 6.08

7.86 7.09

9.43 8.51

11.78 10.63

15.71 14.18

23.57 21.26

47.13 42.53

90%

Electricity

Band IA: <20MWh per annum Band IB: >=20 < 500 MWh per annum Band IC: >=500 < 2000 MWh per annum Band ID: >=2000 < 20,000 MWh per annum Band IE: >=20,000 < 70,000 MWh per annum Band IF: >=70,000 < 150,000 MWh per annum

19.32 15.25 12.75 9.76 9.01 Confidential

21.47 16.95 14.17 10.84 10.02 n/a

24.15 19.06 15.94 12.20 11.27 n/a

27.60 21.79 18.22 13.94 12.88 n/a

32.20 25.42 21.26 16.26 15.02 n/a

38.64 30.50 25.51 19.52 18.03 n/a

48.30 38.13 31.88 24.40 22.53 n/a

64.40 50.84 42.51 32.53 30.05 n/a

96.59 76.25 63.77 48.79 45.07 n/a

193.19 152.51 127.54 97.58 90.14 n/a

Wood

Fuel Chips Pellets Pellets bagged

3.10 4.45 5.26

3.44 4.94 5.85

3.87 5.56 6.58

4.42 6.36 7.52

5.16 7.42 8.77

6.19 8.90 10.52

7.74 11.12 13.15

10.32 14.83 17.54

15.48 22.25 26.31

30.96 44.49 52.62

Page 2 of 2

The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) is financed by Irelands EU Structural Funds Programme co-funded by the Irish Government and the European Union