Unit 2: Fractions.

ACTIVITIES 1

Mathematics - 2 ESO

Unit 2: Fractions
Vocabulary
Fraction: is a part of a whole that has been divided into equal portions.

The number below the fraction line is called denominator, and expresses the

number of parts into which the whole is divided. The number above the fraction line is called the numerator, and expresses the number of parts taken.

Type of fractions: Proper, Improper and mixed. (2/5; 7/3; 2 = 2 + ) Simplifying fractions or cancelling down: To simplify (or reduced) a fraction, you
divide the numerator and the denominator by the same number. ( = = )

Simplest term: A fraction is said to be in its simplest term or lowest terms when
the numerator and the denominator are relatively prime.

Equivalent fractions:

= = = 0.3333

Two fractions are said to be equivalent when simplifying both of them produces the same fraction, which cannot be further reduced. Equivalent fractions look different but represent the same portion of the whole. Equivalent fractions have the same numerical value. They are represented by the same rational number. Equivalent fractions are represented by the same point on the number line. We can test if two fractions are equivalent by cross-multiplying (or cross-product) their numerators and denominators.

Cross-product: To find out if two fractions are equivalent you check that the crossproducts of the terms are equal. ( = 2 12 = 3 8)

A fraction of an amount (Finding fraction parts): A fraction can be considered

as an operator that transforms a number. 2 7 IES Albayzn (Granada) 350 = 2 2 350 700 350 = = = 100 7 7 7 Page 1

Unit 2: Fractions. ACTIVITIES 1

Mathematics - 2 ESO

Activities
Finding Fraction Parts

IES Albayzn (Granada)

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Unit 2: Fractions. ACTIVITIES 1

Mathematics - 2 ESO

IES Albayzn (Granada)

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Unit 2: Fractions. ACTIVITIES 1

Mathematics - 2 ESO

Problems involving fractions

1) Marta bought a television and is paying for it in eight installments. She has already paid five installments. What fraction of the total price does she have left to pay? 2) 450 students go to a school. 45 of them are in the chess club. What fraction of the schools total students are in the chess club? 3) Beef steaks cost 12 per kilo. How much would three quarters of a kilo cost? 4) Three quarters of a kilo of kidney beans costs 3.60. How much does one kilo cost? 5) A travelling salesman bought 800 kilos of melons and has sold three quarters of them. How many kilos does he have left? 6) The Martinez family bought a dishwasher and is paying for it in installments. The dishwasher cost 460 and the family has paid off three fifths of its total cost so far. How much is left to pay? 7) At an international summer camp, 1/3 of the campers are French, are Moroccan and the rest are Spanish. What fraction of the campers are Spanish? If there are 120 campers in total How many of them are French, Moroccan and Spanish?

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