DIFFERENTIAL AXEL AND WHEEL

VEERMATA JIJABAI TECNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT EXPERIMENT NO: BRANCH: SEM: BATCH: DATE: ROLL NO:

DIFFERENTIAL AXEL AND WHEEL

Aim: To determine the Velocity Ratio ( V.R.) and the law of Machine for the given Differential Axle and wheel. Apparatus: Differential Axle and wheel set of weights, Vernier Caliper, Meter and Fractional Weight box. Theory: This simple machine mainly consist of two parts viz. a) Load Axle and b) effort Axle. The load assembly consist of two Axles of different diameters Let their diameter be d1 AND d2. The larger diameter wheel is used as an effort wheel of diameter D such that when effort is applied to rotate the assembly, the string gets wind over the large diameter axle (d1) and gets unwind from the smaller axle (d2). Differential Axle and wheel acts on the principle of differential by which a very high velocity ratio can be achieved by varying the size of diameters of differential axle. Velocity Ratio (V.R.) is the ratio of distance moved by the load (X). This value is constant for a given machine. V.R. = V.R. = V.R. = 2D/(d1-d2 ) Distance moved by Effort (Y) Distance moved by Load(X)

PROCEDURE TO FIND VELOCITY RATIO EXPERIMENTALLY: 1. Place any weight in the load disc and record it in observation table. 2. Place any weight in the effort pan and record it in observation table. 3. Take care that the load and effort are balanced i.e. they do not move. 4. Measure the height of the effort from any reference level, let us say surface of the body of the screw jack ( note it as X, and enter it in load column)

6. Apply effort on the effort pan such that it moves downward and keep the system in equilibrium. 7. Note the final position of the effort (denote it by Y2) and load (denote it by X2 from the same reference level. 8. Calculate the distance moved by the effort (Y) and load (X) by subtracting reading of step 5 from 7 and 6from step 7, which is the difference of final and initial position of the load and the effort. 9 find the velocity Ratio (V.R) 10. Repeat the above procedure by applying incremental load on the load pan four times and note it in the observation table. 11. Take the average of the five sets of V.R.. obtained by above procedure. 12. Measure the diameter D and pitch and theoretical value of velocity Ratio (V.R.) so as to check with experimental value of V. R. obtained in step I I. 13. Plot graph load V/s Effort. 14. From the graph (a) Determine the law of machine i.e. P=mW+C Where m is slope of the line. C is the intercept of the line on Y-axis. is the % efficiency of the machine. Exercise: Draw the sketch for the experimental setup. Observation: 1. Diameter of effort wheel 2. Diameter of larger Axle 3. Diameter of smaller Axle. 4. Theoretical V.R. = D= d1 =. D2 = 2D/ (d1 d2)