CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Communication is a part of human's daily activities. Through communication by using language, we can share our ideas and thought with other people. English is also important for us, especially in the world of education and working world we should use English to communicate with other people, although we have limitation of knowledge about foreign language. English is one of the international languages, which is used throughout the world and also English is one of the foreign languagesfor Indonesian students, that must be learnt in school since kindergarten level until university level. In English teaching there are four language skills, they are listening, speaking, reading and writing. In teaching and learning a language, there are four aspects that support four language skills such as : grammar, vocabulary, spelling and pronunciation that are also tought in English teaching and learning processs. Grammar is very important in learning English. Grammar is a field of linguistics that involves all the various things that make up the rules of language. Subfields of linguistics that are considered a part of grammar include syntax,phonetics, morphology, and semantics.
Grammar is the system of a language. People sometimes describe grammar as the "rules" of a language.

Tenses are the part of grammar that are taught in teaching and learning English. There are 16 tenses in English. One of the tenses is simple present tense.

Learning is one of the primary activities of students in the classroom. Successful learning is only on the right way to lead the process. Good learning atmosphere and method can guide the students to learn more and meaningful. To accomplish such condition, teachers must use various types and attractive methods for the class In learning English sometimes students are bored with certain teaching atmosphere. There are various approaches and methods used for teaching language skills, one of them is Total Physical Response. The method is not only interesting but also effective in teaching English. TPR stands for Total Physical Response and was created by Dr. James J Asher. The writer hope by using this method in teaching simple present tense can improve the student's ability in masterin the simple present tense. Therefore, the writer analyze the problem reflected in the title The use of Total Physical Response (TPR) in teaching simple present tense (A quasi-experimental study done in the first year of Baleendah 2 junior high school 2011)

1.2 Research Questions The writer would like to state the problems, as follows : 1. Does Total Physical Response (TPR) as a means of teaching simple present tense to the first year of junior high school have significantly better result than the conventional method? 2. Is TPR effective to teach simple present tense to the first year of junior high school?

1.3 Hypotheses of Research 1. Null hypotheses (H0) There is no significant difference in the result between TPR and conventional method in teaching simple present tense to the first year of junior high school. 2. Alternative hypotheses (Ha) There is significant difference in the result between TPR and conventional method in teaching simple present tense to the first year of junior high school.

1.4 The aims of Research The aims of the research are : 1. To know the significant diffrence in the students' score before and after the treatment using TPR in teaching simple present tense to the first year of junior high school. 2. To know the effectiveness of TPR in teaching simple present tense to the first year of junior high school.

1.5 Benefits of Reasearch 1. Theritical The result of the research can be a reading material and basic for next research. 2. Practical This research can cive the information about the effectiveness of TPR in teaching simple present tense to the first year of junior high school.

1.6 Scope/Limitation of the Problem To make this research easy, the writer limits the study of the the research. The writer try to teach simple present tense using TPR to the first year of junior high school.

1.7 Research Methodology 1. Kind of Research In this research, the writer uses quasi-experimental. 2. Subject of Research The subject of research is the first year of junior high school consisting of about 40 students. 3. Data Collecting Instrument The writer collects the data by using tests. The tests are given to the students is achievement test. 4. Data Processing In processing the data, the writer, will use the formula of t-test t= X21 -- X1 N1 N1 Where : X1 X2 X21 = The mean of the control group's scores = The mean of the experimental group's scores = The sum of the squares of the control group'a scores + N2 -2

X1 -- X2 + X22 -- X2 N2 2
2

1 N1

1 N2

X22 X1 X2
2

= The sum of the squares of the experimental group'a scores = The squares of the sum of thr control group's scores = The squares of the sum of thr experimental group's scores

1.8 Term Clarification 1. Totan Physical Response (TPR) is a method of teaching language using physical movement to react to verbal input in order to reduce student inhibitions and lower their affective filter. It allows students to react to language without thinking too much, facilitates long term retention, and reduces student anxiety and stress. In order to implement TPR effectively, it is necessary to plan regular sessions that progress in a logical order, and to keep several principles in mind.

2. Simple present tense It is used for : 1. Stating a habitual action 2. Stating a general truth

1.9 Paper Organization The steps of study are organized as : Chapter I Introduction , consists of Background, Research Questions, Hypotheses of Research, The aims of Research, Benefits of Reasearch, Scope/Limitation of the Problem, Scope/Limitation of the Problem, Research Methodology, Term Clarification, Paper Organization Chapter II Theoretical Foundation. This is divided into three sections, namely; Grammar, simple present tense, total physical response (TPR).

Chapter III Methodology of the Research. This chapter discusses the research methodology. It consists of method of the study, subject of research, data processing and and procedure of the research. Chapter IV Analysis of the Data. This chapter analyzes the data and describes the result of the study. The data which is analyzed is to find out the effectiveness of the TPR in teching simple present tense to the first year of junior high school. Chapter V Conclusion and suggestion. In this research explains conclusion based on the result of the study, and some suggestions for the progress and the improvement English teaching and learning.

1.10 Bibliography http://englishsubjectcorner.blogspot.com/2007/12/tentang-komputer.html http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-grammar.htm http://www.c-english.com/files/tpr.pdf Bob Foster, Soal dan Pembahasan UMPTN bahasa Inggris,Jakarta, Erlangga, 2000:1