ELECTRICAL POWER AND MACHINES BFM 3313 PRACTICAL STUDY PROJECT #1

Name Title Lecturer

: Muhammad Iqbal Bin Jafar : Residential wiring circuit : Ir Jauhar Bin Mohamed

1.0
o o

Objective
To conduct a study on a residential wiring circuit. To investigate the compliances again the Suruhanjaya Tenaga Guidelines For Electric Wiring in Residential Building.

2.0

Single line diagram

Figure 1.0: Single phase one line diagram electric wiring

Page 1

3.0

List of connected loads

Loads or electric gadgets Quantities 3 Rating V= 230 240 V I= 18 mA P=5 W V= 230 240 V I= 50 mA P=12 W V= 62 V I= 0.4 A P=22 W V= 230 240 V I= 18 mA P=5 W V= 230 240 V I= 0.22 A P= 47.7 58.3 V= 62 V I= 0.4 A P=22 W V= 230 240 V I= 0.23 A P= 49.9 60.9 V= 230 240 V I= 18 mA P=5 W V= 230 240 V I= 4.7 A P=1.5hp or 1118.6 W V= 230 240 V I= 4.7 A P=1.5hp or 1118.6 W V= 230 240 V I= 4.0 A P=950 W V= 240V I= 2.2 A P=520 W V= 240V I= 4.4 A P=230 + 750 + 20 + 20= 1060 W V= 240V I= 4.7 A P=1.5hp or 1118.6 W

K1

Living room lamp 1

Living room lamp 2

Dining room lamp

K2

Washroom Lamp 1

Fan 1

K3

Bedroom Lamp 2

Ceiling Fan

Lamp

K4

Living room Air conditioner

K5

Bedroom Air conditioner

K6

Rice cooker

K7

Semi-auto Washing Machine

K8

Home Theater

K9

Refrigerator

Page 2

4.0

Load flow study

Incoming
Vrms Irms Vm 2 Im 240V 2 18mA 170V

Circuit breaker

Outgoing

12.7mA 2 2 P IV cos 5 (240)(18m) cos cos 0.864 3 lamp : Irms (3)(12.7m) 38.1mA real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(38.1m) cos 5.6W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(38.1m) sin 3.2VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(38.1m) 6.5VA
Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 50mA Irms 35.4mA 2 2 P IV cos 12 (240)(50m) cos cos 1 6 lamp : Irms (6)(35.4m) 212.4mA real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(212.4m) cos 36.1W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(212.4m) sin 0VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(212.4m) 36.1VA Vrms
Vrms Irms Vm 2 Im 62V 2 0.4 A 43.9V

Vrms

K1

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 6A Irms 4.2 A 2 2

PT 5.6 36.1 21.8 63.5W QT 3.2 0 11.4 14.6VAR ST 6.5 36.1 26.4 69VA

0.28 A 2 2 P IV cos 22 (62)(0.4) cos cos 0.887 2 lamp : Irms (2)(0.28) 0.56 A real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (43.9)(0.56) cos 21.8W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (43.9)(0.56) sin 11.4VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms ( 43.9)(0.56) 24.6VA

Vrms
Vrms Irms Vm 2 Im 240V 2 18mA 170V

Vrms

K2

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 6A Irms 4.2 A 2 2

12.7mA 2 2 P IV cos 5 (240)(18m) cos cos 0.864 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(12.7m) cos 1.9W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(12.7m) sin 1.1VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(12.7m) 2.2VA

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 0.22 A Irms 0.16 A 2 2 P IV cos 53 (240)(0.22) cos cos 1 2 fan : Irms (2)(0.16) 0.32 A real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(0.32) cos 54.4W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(0.32) sin 0VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(0.32) 54.4VA

PT 1.9 54.4 56.3W QT 1.1 0 1.1VAR ST 2.2 54.4 56.6VA

Page 3

Vrms

Vm 62V 43.9V 2 2 Im 0.4 A Irms 0.28 A 2 2 P IV cos 22 (62)(0.4) cos cos 0.887 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (43.9)(0.28) cos 10.9W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (43.9)(0.28) sin 5.7VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (43.9)(0.28) 12.3VA
Vrms Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 0.23 A Irms 0.162 A 2 2 P IV cos 55.4 (240)(0.23) cos cos 1 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(0.162) cos 27.5W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(0.162) sin 0VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(0.162) 27.5VA

Vrms

K3

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 6A Irms 4.2 A 2 2

PT 10.9 27.5 7.4 45.8W QT 5.7 0 4.3 10VAR ST 12.3 27.5 8.6 48.4VA

Vrms

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 18mA Irms 12.7mA 2 2 P IV cos 5 (240)(18m) cos cos 0.864 4 lamp : Irms (4)(12.7m) 50.8mA real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(50.8m) cos 7.4W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(50.8m) sin 4.3VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(50.8m) 8.6VA

Vrms

Vrms

Vm 2 Im 2

240V 2 20 A 2

170V

K4

Irms

14.14 A

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 4. 7 A Irms 3.3 A 2 2 P IV cos 5 (240)(4.7) cos cos 0.992 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(3.3) cos 556.5W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(3.3) sin 70.8VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(3.3) 561VA Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 4. 7 A Irms 3.3 A 2 2 P IV cos 5 (240)(4.7) cos cos 0.992 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(3.3) cos 556.5W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(3.3) sin 70.8VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(3.3) 561VA

Vrms

Vrms

Vm 2 Im 2

240V 2 20 A 2

170V

K5

Irms

14.14 A

Vrms

Vrms

Vm 2 Im 2

240V 2 16 A 2

170V

K6

Irms

11.3 A

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 4. 0 A Irms 2.83 A 2 2 P IV cos 950 (240)(4.0) cos cos 0.989 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(2.83) cos 475.8W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(2.83) sin 71.2VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(2.83) 481.1VA

Page 4

Vrms

Vrms

Vm 2 Im 2

240V 2 20 A 2

170V

K7

Irms

14.14 A

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 2. 2 A Irms 1.6 A 2 2 P IV cos 520 (240)(2.2) cos cos 0.985 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(1.6) cos 267.9W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(1.6) sin 46.9VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(1.6) 272VA Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 4.4 A Irms 3.1A 2 2 P IV cos 1060 (240)(4.4) cos cos 1 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(3.1) cos 527W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(3.1) sin 0VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(3.1) 527VA Vrms

Vrms

Vm 2 Im 2

240V 2 32 A 2

170V

K8
Irms

22.6 A

Vrms

Vrms

Vm 2 Im 2

240V 2 32 A 2

170V

K9

Irms

22.6 A

Vm 240V 170V 2 2 Im 4. 7 A Irms 3.3 A 2 2 P IV cos 5 (240)(4.7) cos cos 0.992 real Power , P VrmsIrms cos (170)(3.3) cos 556.5W reactive Power , Q VrmsIrms sin (170)(3.3) sin 70.8VAR Apparent Power , S VrmsIrms (170)(3.3) 561VA

5.0

Cable and current loading

Size cable (mm) 1.5 1.5 1.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 2.5 2.5 4.0 2.5 Quantity 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Cable Colour Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red and and and and and and and and and and Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Current (A) 14.5 14.5 14.5 26.0 26.0 26.0 19.5 19.5 26.0 19.5

K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 SPARE K6 K7 K8 K9

Page 5

6.0

Discussion

6.1 For single phase, electricity supply for domestic consumers, according to MS IEC 60038 standards, meets the following specifications: i. Single phase supply with nominal voltage of 230V, range +10%, -6%; ii. Permitted frequency is 50Hz + 1%; iii. Earthing system type (TT System) as in Figure 2.0.

Figure 2.0: TT system for single phase. 6.2 Selection of Wiring Accessories i. All wiring accessories to be used have to be of those approved by the Energy Commission and labelled with labels issued by SIRIM. ii. For all wiring using UPVC conduits: a) Switches, socket outlets, 3 pin plugs, ceiling roses, connectors, sockets construction material shall be of polycarbonate type. iii. For all wiring using metal conduits: a) Switches, socket outlets and connectors construction material shall be of metal clad type, and b) All accessories shall be effectively earthed. iv. Switch fuse used in single phase installations shall have the fuse permanently connected and not move with the fuse. v. Fuse switch used in 3 phase domestic installations also has fuse and switch. The fuse connector is installed together to allow the fuse to move simultaneously with the switch. vi. Lamp: a) Fluorescent lamps using magnetic ballasts (watt loss not exceeding 6 watts) shall be equipped with dry paper type capacitor; b) Fluorescent lamps using electronic ballasts or high frequency electronic ballasts do not need capacitors; c) Outdoor domestic lamp installations shall use weather proof and water proof lamps; d) Submerged light installations (example in swimming pools, fountains, etc.) shall have water proof lamps with a voltage not exceeding 12 Volt AC.

Page 6

vii. Electric water heaters is divided into 2 types, namely instantaneous water heaters and stored water heaters (storage tank type) a) Instantaneous water heaters shall be equipped with a 2 pole control switch and its own residual current device. Storage water heaters (storage tank type) shall be installed with an isolator and its own residual current device; and 26 b) Water heaters exceeding 3kW shall be permanently connected to a 20A/30A rated circuit breaker/fuse with an isolator switch and residual current device. viii. Electric cookers exceeding 3kW shall have its own circuit connected permanently to a 30A rated circuit breaker or fuse with an isolator switch and cooker control unit incorporated with a 13A socket outlet. Two or more cooker appliances may be installed in the same room within a distance of 2 meters. ix. Electric motors (fence gate, air conditioners, fountains, swimming pools, fish ponds, water pumps) exceeding 373W but not exceeding 2238W, shall be connected permanently to a 20A/30A rated circuit breaker/fuse together with an isolator, motor starter and 15A socket outlet. The motor starter shall be of Direct-On-Line type with the appliance together with the contactor, overload relay and on-off control. The circuit breaker/fuse which controls the motor circuit shall be capable of withstanding the starting current of the motor. x. Electric bells the circuit shall have a push button switch and a AC/DC transformer. xi. Ceiling fans shall conform to clause 21.101 of the MS 1219:2002 standard with regards to test on the suspension system of ceiling fans.

7.0

Conclusion

This residentual circuit was using single phase wiring and fullfill the Suruhanjaya Tenaga Guidelines For Electric Wiring in Residential Building.

Page 7

Appendix A photo evidance

Switch box

K1

Living room lamp 1 K2

Living room lamp 2

Dining room lamp

Washroom lamp Fan 1 K3

Ceiling Fan K4

Bedroom Lamp 2

Lamp

Living room air conditioner K5

Bedroom air conditioner

Page 8

K6

Socket outlet and rice cooker K7

Socket outlet and semi-auto washing machine K8

Socket outlet and home theater K9

Socket outlet and refrigerator

Page 9

Appendix B Cable selection

Page 10