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#sstgmff,p#f?* *'f
Name:
Date of Submission
Sec:'A'
Dept.:
Mechanical F.ngineering
BOOK
A: Solution of Initial Value Problem Part B: Solution of Boundary Value Problem by Finite
Part
Difference Method
Table of Contents
$:
ritte
Part A: Solution of Initial Value Problem
Simultaneous Solution of a Set of First Order Ordinary Differential Equations
Page Na.
1-8
9
Problem# 1,2,3
Solution of Higher Order Ordinary Differential Equaticns Problem # 4, 5, 6,7,8,9, l0
-?8
Solution of Non-Linear Problem Problem # ll Solution of Higher Order Partial Dffirential Eqtntions Problem# 12,13 Solution of Non-Linear Algebraic Equations Problem # 14,15,16
29
-32
33-39
40-47
48-56
57-81 82*86
87 -9{)
Boundary Value Problem withNumann & Mixed Type Boundary Conditions Problem # 20,21,22
Finite Difference Solution of Eigen Value Problem Problem # 23 Transformation Relations for Polar & Cylindrical Co-ordinate Problem # 74,25 Finite Diflerence Solution for Polar & Cylindrical Co-ordinate Problem # 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 3 I
9t
-ttz
List of Figures
s/
No.
1
Figure Title
Lorenz Strange Attractor {using ODE45) Lorenz Strange AtFactor (using RK 4r' order system) Position of Satellite Beam Deflection (Cantilever) Temperatrne Profile of a Rod for insulation case Temperature Profile of a Rod exposed to Room Temperatrue Deflection of a Variable Cross Section Short Cantilever Beam Deflection of Beam (Comparison of Two Deflection Theo.y) Deflection of a Simply Supportd Beam Deflection of a Popped Cantilever Bam Axial Stress (max) along the axis of the Beam Shear Stress (avg) along the axis of the Beam Flexural Stress along the Beam Depth Horimntal Shear Stress along the Beam Depth Deflection of a Beam with linearly distributed loading Deflection of a Beam supported by an elastic element Radial Temprature Distribution of a Hollow Cylinder Radial Temperature Distribution of a Hollow Sphere Radial Temperature Distribution of a Solid Cylinder Radial Temperature Uistrilutiln of a Solid Sphere
\
Prablem
Page
2 3
4 5 6 7 8 I 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
28 32 55 61 63 65
67 69 75 81 97 101 108
112
List of .m Files
ffr.
1
.m Fite Titte
Ftmction
Problem
Page
RK4_sys
?+
31
2 3
NewtonSys
16
47
51
GaussPivot
Pivoting
17,18,n, 21,n,27,
28,30,31
Part A
1:
P!9blom
W=-"J
SoluVion
u(o):r J
size
O.l
Given, x':b
U':-*
-TFlu$,
b(o):
#:A
dP
du -u
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6p-: f'(v'n'b)-b
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ke+lxt) \rns+m)
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kz: 1tf, (Yio k/t, ,Li+ Rr /2, bi + /2) n2: h+ ,(aA + k/2, reif Ktlz; Aromt/z)
nt
2:
kO: /"f t (Airklt,Li+ t4/2, Ui*^,/r) frg : 0t f ,(bi +/r/2, Ki* K1z , Uio rU/z)
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bi+ h: OrO"l
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o'I
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Pnoblom
#2
(Daue: I9/o9/tt)
of
?4ua"?ions
o(-rL+d+rt rc(o):1]
V'= bb*x
J
O.5
b(o)
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o< b<r
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6iven,
x'-rtdtb
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Thu,s,
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: f, (u,x, 0
lsv orde-r ODE,
t# - Db+*- rz(b''L'$
For simullzane.Ctlrs golu/ton- Ol aseb o+ %i+r-Ki * * Q<1+2kz+ Zksr k4)
mP/4) (ui+ htzrtui+Arlz,bt* hz: 0"lz kg: ht",(ai * h/2, Ki * k'/t, bi a nz lz) (ilg : 0'l r-(Vt+h'/ z t Xi + k'/2, b i+ n'/z) k4: h+1 (Aa +ht Li+ k-b, Ai, *^u) 714: A"b (ai * AL, Ni a kg t bt *frs)
4:
Alout,
for sUep I , biut: br-+ft-: OtO.5 - O.5 kt: O.O*{t(o, tr- t) : o-bxftx(-l) rOJ : - o.5 tTlt : O.5 x f"(O,, t,-t)- O.5x fO^er)+ l] : O.3 k z : O. 5 x F t (o. z O, O .7 b,- o.7 O) : O. O x fo: sx e0 75) +o 25J : - O.lOG25
trt
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z
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kt: O.$*f, ( O"5,O.7+6A,-o.6+t3): - O.Ol O6G'6 fh t : o .5x f? (o. 6, 0.7+66,- o.6+ 3): O. 2 20 4+5
kz:
ffi z
f. (o.7 5, O.7 7 t 2c.7, -o.66to625):O. 175235 ks: o.5-r, (o.t5, o.Bo7gtB,. o.57g68g)- Q. Pe2oB
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b
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6:
Pr obtom
#3
(Dabez I9/a9/tt)
K':-
grX*Old
Given, cr: lO ): za
b:
B/g
lrse iniyial condi bion for all bho varia'ble's a-s 5 ttttit' obbain bho sgttrDions f or O-{ r< lO e@ rksin8 a- s'eP size ol leec. Shoru Pke solubions on & sin$e graph.
5ol*aon 6iven,
ulhexe,
o:tO
)):2o
b_ 8/3
Thus,
-3f
) r-A-x.=.
- tz (v,tU,=)
#
For sOlving A- seD of hhree lg,b order ODE uJa need bhrea iniviat vatue. Flere, *(O): g(O): z(O):5
Tho MAT LAO f uncb)on's for So{ving O- seb o} ql7z rcsing bho 764rah order ntun6>- Kubao- meahod and
A1O
irrpub
Problem # 3 {Date: 19/09/11} (Using b'IATLAB Built in Ftmction ODE45) MATfuIB Functian
7:
1)
(1
-x (2 ) -x {1 i *x {3},' -beta*x
3) +x
(1
*x (2) ] ;
InWt Command
>>x0:t5551
>> tspan : [0,10] >> plot (t. x) >> legend{ tx', 'y', 'z') >> xlabel {'Ti-me, t {sec} '} >> y1abe1- ( 'x, y, z' )
il'IATLAB Outtrut
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function [x, u] : RK4_sys{f, tspan, u0, n) a:tspail(1i; b:tspan{2i,- h: {b-ai/n; x: ia:h:b}'; for i : 1:n k1 : h*fevalif. x{i}, u{i,:}} r; k2 : b*fewal- (f, x(i) +h/2, u(i,:)+k1/2J' ; k3 : h*fewaf (f, x(1)+h./2, uti, z|+k212)'; k4 = h*feva1 {f , x {i) +h, u (i, : } +k3) ',u(i+1,:) : u (i,:) + k!/6 + k2/3 + k3/3 + k4l6;
end
Input Commsnd >> f : inline{' i {-u{1) *10+u{2}'10},' {28*u{1) -ui2}-u{3) *u(1} {-{8/3)*u{1)+u{1).u(2}) j','r','u'); >> [t, u] = RK4_sys(f, t0,101, f5, 5, 51, 10]t >> plot(t,u) >> legend { 'x' , 'y' , ' z' } >> xlabel ('Time, t (sec) ') >> ylabel('x, y, z')
MATI-ILB {}utout r--T-i I
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9:
Probtom
#4
(D at'e'-
tg/og/
tt)
A"'* a{
A@):
Solubion
- b{- zA: fu t
{(o)= t
{/(o):o;
6iv8n,
rhuca,
a",
b(o):{'(o):o
u'(o):t
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bo M.a=,
-rb:tu>
+ #--b#,*r#+zb+b
To
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LoV
b:
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dtz
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L
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dz,
i Z"(o):l #-.Ze
#
Dzs-rbzz+221r
d':22
:O
b;
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10:
Problem
#5
ConvorA fhe-
SolsYisn
Acrelerabing lorce*J Z f
m,#
+V&*i",
frr
ma,sg,
;e-^"*dD2
?)
+{ZF-- Fez:-k2(r'-xS
Lnibol C,ondibion
aD D:o 1-,*r:o
( *r:O
11_:
To solve a- stdsrem of bno se"c.ond ordor ODE nuneri*JlA, HQ nee.d ao reduco vha Vrobtem bo a
e}rern
# :#
dr" *-:
dzg
d,
\
[-
ze(O)
: %'(A)-O
z.t@) -x"(o)
#: *# : - #.
dz,
d,
o'zo
- t<'=,f ;
zt(O):O
dz' -- (
ola
rlzo Y--.z-
[k,*k)zt-u-z=u7
;
z.s(O):O
'z'(o):o
da
7. <'1
tYTz
za(o)
:o
12:
)oblom # 6 (oqve: 24/ oO / t t) Converb bho fottoruing 2-D of vibra\inB
Qn e4luivAtenD in.ibial vatu.e probtem.
Cr
A
s?6sbern
into
L-
t1 tJ3;
la
f"sintful
IT
Tr11
k1
r "l
I-
7u"
2
fTl
31r
Solubion Gove,rn'tn\
I ?uu
L2
ltuabians
lhrt
For
mclss.,
^,ffirq#
*C.r(#-ffi+k61+t+@rp)
:
Fo ei
nbD
For rna*.
ff12""
To solve a- sbssem of bu)o second order oDE nurnor)uttg, b@ l1erztJ Uo reduee Pho Problem bo a3?ds1ern of f our f irs? order eq/ua"biom s
Letz, X-1: z. 1 , x2:Z-3
#:#Ye:
22
1 z-r:xt(o)
xr(o)
t7
24 ) -s-
# :#
hL"'?q-=-)
z4 * k2z t +(k*xeYfl
13:
Problem
#7
If
qro rnode., tthe eTt-nbions of mobion of & sabDeibo o-round a- @bral bodu qre
same simplifging o-ssr,r-rnPuions
A:-4rs A:-Wrs
whers., r=
-o,
b@):z
tdb'- Z
d? di"
To solve
7^3
r9):o-4,x'(o):o
nhare,
- -rt
y: fc&+A1'r'
a seb ol bwo second order OOE- nLLmericallt4, tlJO nwd Ao redUce Vhe probtem bo A-sbsaem ol
Le-tt,
: d? * z4, zb(o) - td(o) - o o,t dv 4:e: d,t. : - = =3 ==, ) zq(o): b(9:2 : do AF l=,'* zrtJe/z
qg
Probl,en # 7 fl)ate
MATI-AB Fmction
24f|9/ll)
L4:
end
funclion [x, u] : RK4_sys if, tspan, u0, n) a: tspan(1); b: tspan{2); h: (b-a)/n; x: (a:h:b)'; u(1, :} : u0; for i : l:n k1: h*feval(f, x(i), uti,:))'; k2 : h*feva1 {f, x(i)+h12. u(i,:)+k7/21 ,; k3: h*fevaL(,f , xli)+h/2, u{ir:)+k2 lZ},; k4 : h*feval (f, x{i)+h, u{i,:)+k3) '; u{i+1,:} : u {i,:) + k1/6 + k2/3 + k3l3 + k4/6;
Iw*
>>
f : inline('
Command
>> [t, u] : >> plot (t,u(. rL),t,u{ :,3} ) >> legend(txtr'y') >> xlabel ('Time, t (sec)') >> ylabel { I Position (unj_t) ' ) >> title { 'Position of the Satal-.1-ite'
MATLAB Otrtput
i (u (2)) ; (-u{1,)/(sqrt(u(l)^2+u(3t ^2) )^3) ; {ut4) ); {-u{3) /{sqrt(u(1}^2+u{3)^2i )^3i l','t','u'); RK4*sys{f, [0, 10], [0.4, 0, 0, 2f, 50];
t
0.5000
1-
0000
-0.06s9 0. 6159 -o -6292 0.7984 -1.0487 0 7 r27 -1.3391 0. 534 9 -1.5173 0 - 3111 -1.5929 0.0658 -1-5697 -0. 1837
-7 - 4468 -o - 4212
4442
.5000
I .0000
8.5000
9. 0000
.4341
15:
Probbm # 7
0.5
g c 5
o tt,
{L
c -nq
o
-1
-1.5
-2
5 10
Time, t {sec}
16:
Problem
#I
@aW: 24/og/
I t)
of bhe given @ndtover bq'm dua 6 ibs se-/f weighD ontt4- The Soverni,^B e4pa'vion of ivs
Find ahe. dof ter-bion
de:ftec,vion is,
graph '
# #
:
i) " * I
&D, x-:o
orilu
To oolue & s,aond order aDE, Ne ne-bo\ tu raduco ohe qlUabian Uo O- s6sf/em al A)ro firsD otder qluavlons'
Le-b,
A: =,
U(o):O
zr(o): A,p): o
17:
-0.4
{.3
-02
-0"1
c o o (l,
G
(u
0.'t
0-2
0.3
4.4
0.5
o.2
0"4
0.6
1B:
uOi
function [x, u] : RK4*sys{f, tspan, u0, n) a: tspan(1); b: tspan{2}; h: (b-ai/n; x: (a:h:b)'; u(1, :} : for i : 1:n k1 - h*feva]{f, x(i). u(i,:))',. k2 : h*feva1 {f, x(ii+h/2, u(i,:}+k1/2}'; k3 : h*feval-if. xliJ+b/2,,:{1, :)+k2/2)' ; k4 : h*feval(f, x{i}+h, u(i,:)+k3}'; u(i+1,;) : u (i,:) + ki/6 + k2/3 + k3/3 + k4/6;
end
>> f : inline('[(u{21);
j)l',
't','u');
plot (t, u (:, 1) ) xlabel ('Length, (m) ') ylabel ('Deflection, (m) ') title { 'Beam Def lect.ion' ) axis ('ij ') hold on stem{t, u(:,1).'k')
19:
Problom
#9
(oate.: z4/o9/t0
(O:
gteal Rod
zc.m)
T:40'C
Troom = zO"C ,
T=ZOO'1
O @
Find tzho bemperab*re distzri bubian in ?horod nhen Ahe onbire rod sirr*ace is Vhe,rmalh6 insalat/ed'
Find bho 1omperqbure dis2ri bubion uhe rod is a--xfosed bo room air.
Solwuion Governing Aq/U"AA\on oF bernperaVurC. disDri bu7iort For Q" rod u,th\ch is bher m atlg insula Aed, t2+ boundar b Condivlon,
+=[
cJx'
Ab %:O, T:4O"C
ab X-: lO,T:
To SotUe
eqtr
\OO"C
firsD o-rder
Lor/,
T: z(
dzt
d'r dz'
dza^ dx
dT dr
dtc
22 ;
o
<r(o)
:T(o):40
20:
This is boundarg valuo problern, vo eoll/e aha problem wibh bho inivial ualuo boc.hniqpn Ne, need ,o Bzress bhe eecond eondiVion and @mPa.re vhe boundar\ vaLue
c,ozrdi b)on
bt4
zr(o): lo 2r(0): lO
A gain, LeD,
K o
I
T
4o
x
o
,
z,(o)=zo zr(o): tG T T K
o
I
lin*r
rlturPolaDo
40
40
50
60
70
BO
60 80
(oo
(20
14c,
56
72
o
4 6
G
3
4 5
e
4
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7
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lo
200
T(lo) T(to):
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="(O):
# I*:o: t6
21:
Problem # 9 fa) fi)ate: 24l$9/11) MATfuIB Function
fr:nctlcn lx, ul : RK4_sys{f, tspan, u0, n} a: tspan(1); b: tspan(2i; h: {b-a}/n; x: (a:h:b)'; u(1, :) : u0; for i : 1:n k1 - h*feval{f, xti , u(i,:))'; k2 : h*feval(f, x{i}+h/2' u{i,:l+kL/2,\'; k3 : h*feva1 (f , x{i)+b/2, u{i, : )+k2/2}'; k4 : h*fevai (f, x{i) +h, u(i, : } +k3) '; (i,:) + k!/6 + k2/3 + k3/3 + k4/6; u{i+1,:)
end
Inoat Command
?ilil
tfifi
16*
; \ <
r$
trrLJ ,ln
d'
{l}
F--
r*n
Gr-l
sn
r{U
01:l{56783iil
Length, {mi
22:
SoluttOn
GOvernir'rA 26yltgt7ion
Por
&
+ #-#ff-G):o
=+
"o#g-: ox-
Po,(T-r,)
-o
Ooundan\
Cond''vion
eU )c:OrT:4O" C
ab L: lO,T:ZodC
M(r-zo)
Nhete, M:
P0L
KA
ODE ntLrnoriallg, ue neeA bo redUc-e- AhO problem bo & aPem of Aloo f irs V ordet
To satve
Q4ua-aiofl
,
a selond order
Lev, 'T: Zt
*dr
(=,-2o)
Evaluabjnq
P- r'D: 4'(o'o2)
A: ry/4 (o.o2)t zs*@.o?) _ 2g4. t M_
17
z, (o.ot)'
23:
-t\
lhr;
tf;
O-
problem
boudary value Probten, Do solvo bhe nibh ahe \ni Aiat value Urchnique ue ne.ed
soc-ond e'ondi vio''t aD inivial efuDe and @mparO bhe bourtdary Value. ulvh Vho giren bounda'U
bo gL(ass bho
@ndi?ion
Lert'
='(0):600 T ro
I
Ag
n, Leb,zt(O)=
IOOO z"(O):789
2C
b6l\xsar
inresPolaVion
40
46.3 53.4
L o
I
T
40 50.3
T
40
o
I
2
6t.6
+4
c
4 5
6r.5
vo.B
3
4 5
G
3
4 5
(o
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lO4.z
122.7
144.9
78.7
6
a
gl.g
1o7.3 125.2
I
to
-"- T- (to1
a 9
IO
169.5
199.2
146,2
t
I
to
+o.9
I
t+t.4
zO4.l
200.
: IVI'4'c C
'
- -T(to): 234
1fru,s,
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24:
function lx, ul : RK4*sys (f. tspan, uC, n) (a:h:b)'; u(1. :) : u0; a : tspan{l); b : tspan(2}; h : ib-a)ln; : 1:n for i k1 - h*feva]'(f, x(i), u{i,:))'; k2 : h*feva] {f , xtL')+h/2f uii-,: l+k1/2}' ; k3 : h*ferral (f, x{i)+n/2t u{i, : )+k2/2)' ; k4 : h*feval-(f, x(i)+h, u(i,:)+k3)'; u(i+1,:) : u {i,:) + kll6 + k2/3 + k3/3 + k4/6; eld
Input Cammsnd
MATIAB Output
Trgrnpsvalure Frc'trl* c'{the R*d
?m
r
fttl
.f- r*:
i
F
1:o
tnn
'I
qr
t:
*it
6fi
4*
fi1?3,{56789'iil
L*nglh icm)
25:
Proble,m
#to
(oate,..25/og/ t t)
Fr'nd bho froo-ond displaceme-nD of ?hu varia-ble cross- Eq.Vion shorb CqnVilane,r rnaAe Of e@
comPa're t/o*r nu-mericd rosul> uibh ec<-aett O-n al6Vi CO-l One. For nz,Lrner?crat S olubi on S rrb - di ride t'he beo-m a.bteo-sb into 3 seAme,nvs.
Solut ion Ctoverrun$ e4y-nViort,
=t#:
For
M@
o,{b-o
Lb"-o
a catAitever be,am wibh var'obla c/oss-sec.D)on, momonD o+ inerAia is e_ {z*nc:tsr on of 2{, nidvh ab any babi orL,,x-: + @- b)+b
.' . Momenv of
rnerbia
aD
x. r -
i, ,{ffta*b)
"4u
26:
Tu*, ut+b-
pr@
+ E [+rl7(a-u)+*']#:M
4 3ox6l$-", L+?(rof+
4)
^fl'#
- 2eo o o
* {+ ez-l-r4}"#:oor
=+ &d*tT:o
sdve
order
dx- -
7t (o) : Alo) :
o.ol
displa'ee rnenD
O-O22"
27:
AnatTbical Solubian
Qi ve.n, Gover
n'(
nA EqUaDi on,
o.o
I
d'a _
dx-"
t+c- z-Q*43u
#'Agat n, I-n
o-
ot (*)
be$rattinV,
b: o.o t (A @ 14 - + (*-+"ljl-t-sing
-t-
c1r+
condibiort,
ln@ &@
Ct: a4: -
O'1xtO
O"O245
'
s.endx--o'
c.245
At), X-:
L:42, b:
O-
2205
-Thrt;, Vhe f
2B:
Deflection of the Variable Cross Section Short Cantilever Beam Problem # 10 -0.025
-0.02
{.015
-0.01
.g
-0.005
o -a
()
{t)
o o
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
29:
Problem
# tl
(ootp: z6/og/tt)
=20kN
g^al
Use a, Sbe+ srze of L/g A,rd shou bhe Dwo solerbio n in agra-ph as ndt a,s in a. Table.
Solubion
Governlng Uyuottion
#:#M@
To solvQ.
x:o,{L b- O
b'-o
vho eecond order ODE n?Lrner't@ll?4, NQ need bo reduce ahe qpaVion in Uo a- bs Dern of a/0 li rs? ordq q/uaAtcrt
LeD'
U: =,
30:
Govern'ny e4uabion
lor
: '# # 6
T6
M v()
* D
sotvea- second order OOZ numericaltg, uo nrr;S bo redue *to probLem Uo a- gbsvem oF auo firsa order eqpra?ion,
dx
dx
# #
:
Expr*ion For Moment:
vl
I
r(xru)
.'.
31:
end
funct.ion [x, u] : RK4_sys{f, tspan, u0, n) a: tspan(1); b: tspan(2); h: (b-a)/n; x: (a:h:b)'; utl. :) : u0; for -i : 1:n k1 : h*feva}{f, x(i), u{-i,:)),; k2 : h*feva1 {f. x (i} +h12, u {i, : } +k712]i , ; k3 : ir*ferral{f, xlz)+n/2, u{i_,:}+k2/2)tt k4 : h*feval(f, x(i)+h, u(i,:)+k3)'; u(i+l,:) : u {i,:) + k1/6 + k2/3 + k3/3 + k4l6;
Command
Irp*
);
>> p1-ot{t, u{:,1}, t, vi:,1)) >> xlabel i'tength, {m} ') >> ylabel { 'Dellect j-on, {m) ' } >> tit]e {'Deflection of Bearn {comparision of rwo Defl-ection Theory) ' ) >> axis ('ij') >> grid on )> legend ( 'LarEe' , 'Snal_l! )
MATMB Au@ut
Small deflection
0
U
Theorv
0.4000 0. 8000
1-
0.0009 0.0068
0-
0.0009 0.0068
00-
2000
0230
0231 1073
1 - 6000
2.0000
0-0546 0. 1067
0.0547
32:
0.02
0.04
()
o G o
c.oe
0.08
0,1
0.6
0.8
1
Length, (m)
1.2
1,4
1.6
1.8
33:
Problsm
I"V P
#rs#-o l
#+2#:c
ttz(x,o):
$olwbion
Tha
J
-oc <.2C< oC
C<b<w
g*n
pOE,s
as
l"l
==
[ P] {oJ
{:,7,31
a- ffiobrtr- UhOeO ulUtmrtS vocrtors of maVrix- A
Lpl
1-s
34:
N oal,
{ur3:Lpl{vfi
{"4:LpJ{"4
Frorn
=+
[e]Lpll"l: to]
uhOee e,lene]4 Ps &re
voctors of tAl
For
fut:4, {il
fur, fuz:-4,
-rhurc,
f?]
o^l{&"1 :{
N'u
r: {il*
:}
35:
7hus, bhe equa7ions beorne6lrr
ot92
AD
+_
.L El2t
&r -Q I
&P
For bhis b6ee
_/J '
OA, &X-
:o J
of un@&pled paraial
diffen e-nhal
Nave.
Q@-4D)
vr@,D): Y@f4b)
ttlhe;e, p and Y are buo arbiVrarU tuncblons, uhie.h will be deaernined from ahe appliu.abn oF I.C-s
AJou,
{LI:tpt{31
Qenora( Solubions
= [?
-il{?,823}
of
Dhe
given OEQs
Ae4q+Y@"<o)
36:
Inirtal UndiaionC
rnibiaL cond
ivion@
ft il{rg}:{;g:
l+t4 -zl
fl@:%:+Lr@-2tn",lJ -:l
Y@-Ft: +[zs(eut @ p)
l7 s(91 z
I
r @l
tb@a)=
37:
Proble,rrt
#+ff*X*-o
Y;*4H**L-o
9of
avion
{'#}-[;;]&]
=) I"fi+LAf
LeD, bho
:{:}
C
a-s
t,&l:{.1
of
1.76bftx-
tAl
3B:
Noao,
FronO
tPJL"8 + tAl t Pl 1"1: {oJ =+ loo3* L ef 'Ia] t11 1"4: to] =+ lvr3n ol {v.3: I o]
I Dl is a dia"g, cnal mavrizc ushoee e-lemeintzs aro e.igen vafues of LA]
Ei6en vatues Eigen vechof,s
For,
bhe
fu: e
For fu:-l
rol:[3
Alort),
?l
J
tr]
'f
:f', -;l
f rofi,
1. [z:] Lov
) to, ,-
lor
I oltt
{#}
:{:}
39:
Aloal, Ahe
qluaAions ahocome,
ovt -- zol9, aD ' u &*L: o I
#-#:o
For bhis
e4luafr)ong, sOlUVion
Sol uaion>,
J'
is knonn as
'
"Travell'1ny blave
uhioh is as folloajs
v,@d: @@-eQ
v'@,D): ( (x+ b)
uhue,
Nou:'
I.cs
{I:J
Qe-ne-raL
.S
: f eJlY;,}: [; -:J{i,ff\
OE@s
ur @, b)
0 (o- ou) Q
(f*u)
uz@tD): 2
@-e0+ 2V(ffE
40:
Problom
aeb
ol ea,unnons.
%'-{: 4
x3+
Sol ubion
t:
16
Q\ven, EqnVions.
t-6':4 t
x-'*bt
16 J
, zhe ilacobian
maDrix-,
rilr:
Aloau
l--: +l
fzx -"b1
[ dn]
-r
t ri|o
|
ushete,
K-
ho
'
of i aera bion-
41:
r3'r--
ffi}
:
=+
: {;z:..\ ,
t:::2 i2z2]
1
ro'Jlf,:"? 33?31
fz
12
ozal fo.oaa
o.oEzlJ-4
f o. oos J
{;,} -I
Lu,Jf ru? _
f ola l
z4v6J (K:t\
Iberauion No
[:;: '45\
J t2
Ltz"4o J
o, J
-i3::]
I o.rs j
o.24e J
+{eJ
Ibe rabion Alo. A (N:r)
:173J} {z}
J1-o.o
Lu.s24
tu,J
=)
\'
{T,}: {:12;
(
t::l
:1""J
Sotu-btons a,ro
tu: 2.4\9
2c: 3.162
42:
Problem
Finql bhosolxhions
eqt-taDions
r'+28:zz l Zr-'-x16+et6: ll
J
ra.ke,ti:::'u
@ons, x"+2t:2'
2*r_^%+o\:
Aloru,
P,
Soluuion
/l
@3)
: t+28'*-22
fr@,C: Lx:-*16t36-tl
Aloaj
K:no. of
Aherq
ber
o.z9t 1.75\
o.tool
iz],\ ra'f
t:;?;
t0.7641
t.
t2o
43:
Iberabion
No.
2 (N: t\
In\ : -f r.a++ 1- l-o.o24 0.2261 J- 3.994J \v,J: lr.orJ L o.tor - o oeJ Lu nurJ + fT"1 : {'inon'I - [a2J- L::tr':::") tsii: lE ':"]
Lberaaion No. e (rc=z)
{&}:t:Hl=)
L o-oss -o o uJ to.o' J
f- o.org
o.2t+
1 f o.zogl
{tr\:t
z3
,l Laul:L:
Jq?: f o-<1
\qJ:to..J
So(nbtons Are
x.:2
lu:s
44:
Pnoblom
I
Load
**"
De\le?ion
Be_haviou<r
of Spr-g1
Fr:5g8xatGC6O*?
To give-n proble,v4 is a- nantine.a-r algebtro,'te q/uaoiort bbpo prab@n, ulherg, Ltr ond (bore bha lln*r
disp{ocefnenv
To soluo vho probtem for epring daf s.cbiort, firsD ue nee$ ao forrn bhO Frcndamerrfu,l goVerrtlng q/D4 in VerlrtS
o+
{ar d_/rd
as
45:
For I-beo.m
I
aa F:
Pt+Fsr- Fst :
O
Pt
+
59
6o6o%i
-O
Fr-
{-srs(ts-qu} *-
t20. . .
(i)
For
I- bean 2
Qx3,
- 6e xe Fsz i
Fs>ii
I
I
_tg6
4:o
: 3gB
1i-
>-fr.,
I
tL_ r----l i
+69
NoN,
(uo
u.s -t-l g 6 uZ
"
(r,)
---l
un): -t20 - 597ut fr(u,, ue) - 99 B* 697 (us- u)- gr9 (rra- u)u_69 r.tg - /96 a3
F,
(u3-tt) *g t9(4-u)
46:
Aloao,
ahe eo(ubion
is 6ruen, b?4,
K:no' of i veravion-
t/-sin6 trlaUlob,
{u3tnu8)
{ o. o a491
Lo.4szt
J
tur: Ltt: O'OO4. unib Lz : ?.Lg-LLr: O-42V2 tmiO tuO:W: 0.<321 UniD
l}
kmax}
47:
whrle {iter <= }cnaxi y : -feva1(J, xold) \ feval(F, xold); xnew=xold+y'; dif = nom(xnew - xold),' disp( [iter xnew dif] ); if dif <: tol x : xnebr; disp l ':lar.: i
xol-d = xnew;
garC
: ::.:..--
:,:s
--a:r-.'er:{ea:' ) ,
re:l::-,'
iter=iter+1,'
erli
disp (' ];en:.r n:e:l:,: : dli r,.-, ::::-.-: : ::
x = xnew;
:-i'
InWt Command
>> F = inline('[-120-598*x(1)-6060rxi1)^'3+657*(x{2}-x(1))^3+919*(x(2)-x(1))^3; 398-657* (x (2) -x (1) ) -919* {x (2} -x {1) } ^3-69*x (2) -I96* x(2) ^31' ) ; >> J = i-n1ine('L-ZlSl' (x(1)-x(2))^2-18180*x(1)^2-1255, 2'157* (x(1)-x(2\\^2+65'7; 27 51 * {x ( 1 ) -x {2) | ^2+ 651, -27 5'7 * {x ( 1} -x (2) ) ^2-588*x (2) ^2-7 26}' ) ; >> x0 = [0, 0]; >> tol = 0.00001,'
>> maxit : 50;
MATLAB Output
dx
0 -9497
1856
0.
6132
0.3185
0
_
3.0000 0.0618 0.48s0 4.0000 0.0101 0.4371 5.0000 0-0050 6.0000 0.0049
0 0
1783
0.0705
0-0071
0
-4322 .4321
.0001
0.0000
x= 0-0049
0-432r
Part B
48:
Pnoblom
A"*A+t-O
e'bhod.
Sol ytbi on
Disc.rOV'izAVion
t1 ll il
of
"ha
Domatrt
io
Me,sh Lengbh,
k: b-o,
4-O
:l
GsvernjnT Eq/uztViort
_fa dx|+ bt l: o
o
t:o
for
A" difreYenee e.x4rrassioYr-
frrsing o+ ordar
cen
nal
O(te)J
+
+
:+
Ua*r
U;*,
+ (P3- z) Ai + Ai*,
- - h'
,.
bi_t
Ai -t
bi*t- -l tr
49:
Sbenctl
l=i ni
bO
Di
L:2,
A:A,%e+-l
A"-Uy*U<: t
i:3,
t:4,
Ae- lI4+Ug:-
i:I,
L: 5,
JfittAt aho
Ur:o
w:o
rQue.4 eb of
e4/uaDiorr e
-b"*Uo
50:
AJor,,r>
LAI{Y}:{*
lr
lhuq
9olubron
f-r tollu,
rllt:1:fi}
%g:-O
A4:-2
zLi
O
I
V;
o _?
-3
-2
o
3
4
51":
Problem {. 17 {Date:
16/1011 1}
B}
errcr
end
if ^ *:
('":
(
:r' :':
1,'),
error lABl
: -
al uL! ,
gn,:1
c:
{^-
1.-_1
: Cti+k-l, '-); C(i' :) C(itk-1, :) = LemPl; onri rn(i+1:n, i) : -C{i+1:n. i) /C(i, i); Cii+1:n, :) : C(i+1:n, :) + m{i+1:n, i)*Cii.
enC
Cli vti,
.i' -lt
rl,
(n, 1:p) :
(nr n+1:n+p) lC ln, n) ; (C(i, n+1:n+p) - C{i, i+1:n)*X(i-+1:n, 1:p) ) /C{L, i);
MATLAB Aatput
Inpat
>>A: A:
Qommand
i_1 i 0 1-1 1 0 1-11
C: -1 1 1 -1 0 1
-1
-1
-11C01-1-L l-1
n 1
1 _1
>>r:t-1
-1
y: -11
-2 -3 -2
r: -1
_1
-1
52:
?roblon # lB (oate : t6/ tot t t) A simplg g&pporbd beam column is s ub6ect'ed bo & t'rartgvet'se and a.,x-ib-l toa.dinl b6 Pa'ramebe,rs P&9' ThodeflecAion of bhe Sbru-ct/Ure is governod bY the
fottowing DEg
tt#--
pU+* q/---+q%^
Given, Axto-l Load, P: /OkN InDensiby at bransv ers o lo aAi n B ,g: 4o o o N/n Len7bh, L= 5 m
EI:26xlo4
-m2
P+7
L_l
9olubion
K1
t__. "
V;
l(:,
'/.t
"
-=T---I
Vi K;
0': +9-
53:
Govarnirq Eauaaion
,t#+pa-+q%L**q/t=
+ Er
ry+
pbc-
* qLxr * *gnf: o
ri + *q,ti/ru :o
#-ffi
7t
5t2 i: 2, ar-EtSrUz:6o
54:
For bouno)artA nodes
i:|,
i:6,
thtt^S, Ahe-
ur
:o
Q
aa-
redUCed se-b
of
e4lua7ions,
2 :dT
- % \rrlds bz
It
5t
5t 26 LetUq
03
lt
*Ae zG Uq
5t
69 3 :65
1.
--
Aq- 26 6a
Gto bal Cooff'ciena
\'lg1a
51
- 65
ri x-
Equa2iorL,
-Pt 26
o
5t
26
o
o
I
br
Ae
Aq
AE
65
_a_
r-*r
o
IJ^;s'tng
65 3
2
G5
5t 26
65
Piv
rot
oblng'
L"
o*os)
o.
0855
55:
0.15
0.1
0.05
E
o
(J
G (l,
(1}
o
-0,05
-0"1
-0.15
4.2
33.54
Lenght, x (m)
56:
Problem
#19
O --sin (qn')
e4Pabion
FD
Given, qtuaaion,
[6n'-
4@i''r- 6
i-
a do-'"
I t4'qh1
ol order z?l
fri-')
givan equaflon
4 @c:,t-r 6Qt
t^ O*f
)
+
+Qrt:
t"Asin
@6)
Qn-,
Vt
vi'
,_/"
Qitt
I
>{
(f , tz
ih (-2
i-r
'',' / t. ,h
(+t
{}2
57:
Problem
# 20 (Oa+,ez t7 / to/ t t)
Qiven :
Find I. Def
L:6
rn,
bg trDM
Cf qxia-l Sbrezs3 o"long bhe be-a'm qxis congide,ring bhe beam X-secl,,ion sq&are 3. DiSAriUuDiort of shu-r sbress o"long Lhe boa.m o-rcis fottowing bhz ccndiDilon "f @ 4. How a.re bhe disbri bubions of axta,l a;'rd shm"r sbrosS ctlon,4 bettrn depth a1> mid_ span secbion
2. Disbri bubion SoluDion
Dis
craAizabion
Ao
of
)t (,)
aho donnain
il
UI
t
/^/./f
:
--
't. ll
L/,
'.t
.C
I
I I
I
,,
y4,
[1
/,/^
lA
I I
"rr lt
.>
::1\
+*-----
;:6m
6'O
-*
I rtr
58:
GoverninT futuabion
_{T: d4
+
q@)
ET
Ai-t: #e,@
=+ Ai+r- 4Aiu,n
SVancil
l 6bt- Ui-,+bi-z: 65
i:2, ):9,
Ao-
4y;
6bn-44uoW<:
t: 4,
i: 5, i: 6,
5e:
For boundartd nodes
L: l,
/ r: O
i:7, Ar: O
ET b"
Ii:*- o
I
;W/=o h'
+ Aa:Ae
i=7"
4
-l4b<c,
Ao:at
+ Aa*2U+*lFo
eeb of
e4/ua,Viong,
7he recJtced
^6pitx-
qtuoFion,
-4
I
o
o
: -4 ? 3l [X] I :] -:
D
:-'ol1,;,1 : -4 ) J
e(
o o Ts
I
G5
La,
66
60:
t,tsirB Gaass lV"
Elimi nabian,
lau
o.olo2 o -0282
1 0.o4r3
laq =
Lba
lru
o.o368
o.o t7 e
{,a}:
o-0o68
o. ot73
Do+te,caion aA
different
o.olo2m
node
Ur: on
w:
Ib:
o'ot7gm
U+: o rn
61:
-0.05
-0,04
4.03
-0.02
= E
o .F
()
(u
{.01
o
0.01
0.0-2
0.03
0.04
0.05
3
Length, L {m)
62:
Axtal J7ress alonl ahe, ax,ts
MarryTyyx
ol
Dho beam
o: McM r/c _M s r
A/or,t;
ulhere,
M- benStrtg
Tnorneltv
, M: EI #
9 - sernion
modulus
Mi:=tIWJ
LAi*, -
oi : _ EIr s
zbi-Ai4f
ZUt
=+ oi : 26 x lO4 x 6
(Af,-
*Ar*,)
ffor .sq/uare , . \ o
secvton
--)D- G
, q - 21xto4^ 6 (bo-- 2bt+ A) : Ol ,e2 kPa : kPa L: 2, Or: )6x16 ^6 (b -2 tdzr|,d l2.lV i:3, oe: 26x(6* A (U2-2WtA1): - 7.64 kPa i:4, cq: z6xt&^6 (bg- 2UqnAu): - 2v.46 kPq t=5t %- 26xt6^a (bq- zba+Aa) 2g.4 uPa i: 6, % - 2Gnt6 e (bE- 2ba*b) : O .43 kpcr i=7, c+: 26x(d\nG (Ua - zyt*Ae) : 53.gA kpa.
L=
I
.x.
63:
Length, L (m)
ffi:
thaar Sare.ss alonT bhe, arcis ol bho Baam
Shaar fore- is given bty,
v
For,
nodo 2- 6,
/n:
EI EI
EI
t{i-t47Ai*r-r75Ui+z-Ai+s
g ou?
f.For nat"d
diftereneo
Jo r rnula ot oto"il
For
3b;o-t4
tdi-6+24
tdi-t te\r:,+;tdi
2h3
A:lxl : I m"
Uq] /S
/t : - o 'exPo" (: g, ve/a:2;xto4 t-Ar+2U;2b,;A1/t: - o"o t<Pai:4, V,,/A- 2axtd FUz+2U;2Ue*Mf /z: - /. I kPa" L: 5, Ve/A - )GNd FAu*2Ar,- zAu*br] /z : z. G kPa i: G, valA : 26xtf f-U4+2fu- 2b+r Us] /z : 6 .4 RPa i: v, vz/tl: 26xtoa se6e- l4bq* AAn- Bua+ e'arf /z
(,':2, Vz/A 26xtd [A"* 2Ua2Ae*A"] -
--
6 -6 kPq
O.2 kPa
65:
v,
oP
ui
o o
L L
g>
ct
Length, L (m)
66:
Flercural 9brees a)ong ahe
bam
dopvh
o-:
s1\lrot M: bending
rnomenD
- 4 576 Po-
-o
(O.gaWa
/rz
2l .96Apa-
27.4
6L<pa.
67:
-4.4
4.3
-a-2
-0.1 E
.g
o(u
0.1
0.2
0.3
o.4
68:
Shoar S7rose alon1 bhe beam depDh
5he,ar s?a"ass f sr aocvion
D
,* Aiven br4'
ehmr foreo
inerbio'
-#
whore, V-
9: efea moTnenb of
,
(-/ 2r \ 4 2' 12
1
u/
[aV rrid span
\/*-lgaP^l
) a: -7BvS(+-U")
ab,
b:O, [: -/gGg'5Pa'
ab b:O.t, T--tBgO-ZzPa aa b: O-2 ) U: - t654 " Ob Paab A:o'9, T- -12 60'49 Pa ab A- o.4, z : - VA9 -oz Pc^ eb A: O.5 v- O Pa-
69:
{-4
4.3
-a_2
-0.1
E -c 0
o(l)
0.1
4.2
0.3
0_4
0.
70:
P
robl en
qir"n,
L= 6 rn EL = zdxlo4 N-m'
q,lq):J%@-RNlm
of bha benm-
DiscreVizaVion
ol
bhe doma\rt
71:
q@ -d-b: Erd4
q@
Ui*r 4bi*,+
4i - br-[*=-ffi
a6-x
Sbencil
Vt-,
Ai*,
-4
-7
2, Ao- 4 At
+
2,
i: 3, i: 4,
L: 9,
i-- 6,
V,- 4bru^r66-4Aq+Us:
k # Q"- 4ryun GU',- 4bu*U: & *" ve- a uq-t 6 us- 4 aa*a+ : * + ffi teo
Vq- 4t4g+6 Aa-4Ar+U&:
72:
u'li:,:o
-hl 4 Ao:U"
L:7,
-^, Ui*,-Act I :Q
L=l
=r U" li:7:
)Et-
) Aa-2A+*be- o + as-2a+-u
Er Uo'l*r: o
+ET
=> Ae +2A6 2Uz*
=+ Ug :
U.g
.:Q [:7
4\o-4ba-
As
73:
In bh'e Dtdpe of problern, bho add',Et6p6l numbar of nodes rq7lro an cddi7rcnAl Q4/uADion ac solre
lp6pkuard differonc-a formula &^ be apalia6 bo reduce Dhq ftLLmbe.r of tmd?)inar\ nadal po'tnb bub Ute-./efoc-ess mak@\s
't
all
bhe mglobal
7hab,s
ue applA ahe Zoverning eqfuqD|orL Ao Ahe ^hb boundar^U noc)al po'rnb 3o have bhe addi vi onal e4/uabion'
Apply,ing Govern'tne eqna
lor i:Z
o
4ue*us:
+-
4ba*2Ar -.C)
65
Us-
aAq+ 6 Ue-4lbnbt
: t56
I
I
260
AA-aUs+ OU6
2A+:
4Aa+2A7
zaO
O
74:
*(hus, bhe global
coellicienb m&r\x,
o
I
-4
-4
l
a-4
o o o
O
O
I
At
5Z
o
a
-46 -4 I l-4 6 -4 ol -4 5
OO
o -4
Aq
3 260
(
65
AE
-2
2
too
Ua A+
260
O
U'
Us
Aq
)
I
r o 0354 I
o.o2Go
o-o 862
o"ots3
bs
Va
J- o ot'o
ll
Az
L- o -tt z5
o. otg3
{u}:
75:
hfiection of Beam
Problem #21
*1
-s.8
{.6
-0.4
4.2
i o
F
o {D o
4.2
0,4
0.6
0.8
Length, L {m}
76:
Problem #22 (Do,be: 2"/
tOt t t)
q= 4kN
-->K
k=tRNlm
4 eanVf @ver subjecbed Do uatif or dis?ri bubed ^lU I oa.dinB p ar o16 and i De free ond is rosdng on ar1 e)asbic supporD.
Solubion
Dis creb't
Ug
r--+ ,t. / , It I
!
Mash Lengvh,
'i/.t
'xt
L1
'tj
t4
----i
{
/,, jL /
k:*:
trn
q/ !fu- Et dB-
=)
A*;Aai*,+ 6Ur -
Ai-,+Air:-4 q/
=) Ui-r- 4Un366t
- 4Ui*,+Vi*r: *u
77:
SbenciI
For
in?erna( nodas
i:l , ar: o
u'li:,:o
-\ -
At*r-bd-t
zh"
=O (,:l
=+
ao: U"
78:
+-Uo+ 2Ua-zAsrg
=+ Us-2Au-
s: - #t-
#*2Ae-Ug:O
kU+nG
6xtos
EI A"li:T: -
-_ + ET Htu-2hc+Aa1I t,:7 t
"'
6,
=+
# + aa-#u+*as:
Aa-2V++UA:-
For bhis bgpe of problem ne need ano?her eq* bo salre all vhe nodal poi nb,, App(UitA goverrting
eqVL Do node
i:
V,
As-ary^t 6U+-AAa+Ug
:#
79:
-lht'LE,
zAr_4
65
I
Ue-4U',+6 As-4M*U=
Ua_ aAs
6e
(
+6A; a bz*Ve
+2As-Us
(oO
ET
o o
As-zAa-#
Ua-
ffiU+*ae
br
Ue
c
I
bq
65
I
o o
oo oo
ol
As Ao
65
/-E (OJ
(
| -2
rgo
ln /
t
I
*l
b+
As
c OC
25+ -too
65 o
o
bg
BO:
U^sing Gau^ss Etiminabion
U'
Us
W1
o.l t54
o.eggr
o-791o l. 22Bz
t
Us
Aa
Uv
6640
z.06Va
Ua
z.47sg
2-7e rc
o
o.t to4
o.egg7
{u3-
o.793
l. 2 282 l- c64O
2.O6V8
81:
Defiection of Beam
Prablem#22
E .q ()
F
6) (u
Length, L (m)
Probten #23 (Dabe,'- 24/ to/tt). A glondor colurnn sub6ecbed bo an ogtal comPre,esve
rll
82:
/oading
\,
-x
Find bhe critiu,l
9olu.Dion
buckling loacl
Ueqobtzo-b'ton
'r)
ol bho doma,rn
.*
X1
t\e*h
Le,nBvh,
^-+
f Momena
ab ana
eocai on Mx-:-PUJ
[. A,:rl
v-l
o
*W*73gi:o
83:
For inbor nal noclaS
{=2,
Ur+
}itt-4/"*Ae
A'+ 01A'4Us*bq be* 0:K_4a{as
U
i:9,
i- 4,
L:
TI,
:o :o
:o
r_,* (fu"1r<z1gn+Un*
For boundarLnodes
i:t,
i:
t'tt-t
Sr
:o
t An*,: O
For
, T1: 2
o
fr-+
PAffi
ET
l-v. --
L2
=> 'l
EEI
L-
lz
84:
For n: ?
Itxr-z)aafue:o
+
=+
1\f
f ,tr
_7i
-,/h,
I I a"l
I c"l
1,i
ulhere.rAl=7fr;
ufl{ul:tol
-/A,
,/Ao
/A
okJ, f
or E igen valuee of t Al
|-
lr/^'-',v.,
'/^'
*
"/h'-7)
l:O
I
=) (z/a" - At)" -
-Q
o
C)
+
=)
4/a4
7J
- a/A"fu^" -',/ho -
71
41
- </n"V3 +o/ao :
_
. /\r
tt-
z,?:
-\
#:+ o--gEr
E
2tl h,
and
>'i :
\-/ --:-;-
421
21 ET
I-
h'L t2-
tz
)Pz-
85:
For n: fr4
:Q ('-"h" -L)A"*r[e U,+ (71/'"-2)Ue*@4: c
Ae+
(frt'"- Uq: O
t/a'aa
I
L
t/zrYu* Ptre-Ma/ro
1n'-7?
-t/h^
2/tr -7?
-t/h.
o
-tfu,,
{r"1
+
AJ
- t/h-
2/r-
{;}
oal,
- t/h.
o
:o
-t/0"' 1rc-fr
B6:
+ (2/tr -71) Lutn - </rc71 + 737- r/n n'/hv3 : o + 6/a6*a/rt +2/^"71 -e/n4fi +q/rcLo -79-TaG
+t/hoVj:O
M--6tt-4/t:
L2_
-UIz-2)xtb
LN
-=-
+ Pr: - Wa-4xt6 EI
^2_
g.o7 26EL
L3
M:
2fut"
t:
EI
3z
LU
=) Pr:
,I
EZ
/vo
^a_
(fT +z)/h"
:
r.t
54.62v4 p7
4 Pu:
({Z+z)xl6
t:
87:
bhe t-apla,co eqryVim lnbo polar coordinabo st6ebom.
Solubion
TVaneform
Laptoco Equabion
On
* OU A8 ox- ng o x
w: #(cos6).Si FrP)
eu or oa s0
pu ou or au
a6
ob
+ &u:#(s)ns)*# (+9)
NoN,
*: auz
n_y *+ - yr _ag Ar axt, olL au sin dcosd o1l sirr o : #u CO.S-8a- tr&6 .:- 6 cls1f* =-;- --- rt --' od orz cos-6' - =-- -' o'tx sin 0 cos) E u s\nt6 . &u& uin'6 Ofigforr ', ot^ sin9as]
b-
O0
r.
BB: ., O'u. _OurrL_Or _*OL{.^. aO aWL on a6 06 ob ^,. : o" u sln-A _._ Ota gi n6cos 0 * Or" ;;06
-2_.,
4+ OO
sin6casd
tr.
,'u o dno6s)n6coE6 i
au
A0
sirr6cosd
ro
G- f=: 0
o2u.
,g
sbend6 sDabe heab conducVion q/uabion irt- polar coardin afu -bsbQtn,
lor
e"! {_ I eu -o._! g+ * _: Otr' il^ Of f' A8' "q,q O ftror onlA radral dis?ri bubion,
#*+#*###-o
89:
Problorn
eq/nbion inbo %tfndrica.t coordina7e arrd *te condibion of ra-dial di.s?ribubion onlt6.
SoluYisn
xffi*#-*y)+ s (ob,=): o
o"^*_n.In"uu+' e49 eA" o=z * A :e f<
NoN,
o"tt : Q^l)
EE
*.
ers a -
2n #u
araO
-t-
sin6 s,os O
o7L
'
,_
ou
EO
sia 6 cosd
oou
gra 6
-J--
r'
sinO eosd
or
.ou 't6
-
ei n 0 cos9 -
l^^
, &'& - oraa
o0
putl gz2
sin 6c.os6
r . ou eos'} 'or
sin0co,s6
oO
o"lL
o6"
&L , si nO us7
r2
Ozz
frron
pravious Probternf
ottl
90:
afu g"u. . o'u, o'u- I Du *V E"u- d"zr I . -dtr* tO"*G-: er"u r or @-E
&ove,rninB
#**#*#+:o
91:
Dove,l6p bho
qrnpbDe FiniDe. Differe,nce rnodali"B ol bhe eveady-sDabo radial heaD cond ua,Dian in ohottow ct4lindorf ephoro (a<r-<b), in uhich conve&bion: Qre albwed Vo anbie.nbe from ,tnner bo1h and ouber wall of Zhe c6tind er/sphqo.
SoluDion
Diserottrzabion
of yhe domain
M
-ft
e*h Lengbh,
h: b-a"
.4__
I
/-i
J. ,:-, t:t la
--er
/i, i; ,.
i)t,:, r
Grrer!'rnA E4uapion
I7* r dr
-(a K -\)
Tt*,-{(+Ta-r *
_o +. T*t_-p-t __ ?i -\/ r; 2k K
=) (,-h)T;i -2Tru(,
*h)T*,
-V
3E K
&tTr-t-
2TZ
+ RzTi*t:
92:
gbonc"tl
boun&r^ Condi7ions
a.t r:&,
K# : A*.G-T*)
=+K
ry:ha(n-r"o)
@
+T-t-t+MT-Tt*r: MTq.
) -at,
+ Mrr-
+T*t :
MT&
..
93:
ThuE, bho se-v
ol qpabionsz
:
R-zTe
i:1,
To -r MTi
-T2
MTq-
i:2, tZtT -
2Tat
:-K B.zk"
K --gsft
:
i:3,
L:fl,
(:t1*l t
b tTz-ZTg+R'"7+
tutTn--
2Tn+ U--ln*t
-Tn
:-ryI
-t-MIn
*ttTn..z: MT*
fu, l'he,d,fbl fu
R&;aionel 6ndiri
orL,
'MTrcl
_Bt
-#rl
-["rl
L^|
-AftI
-6e1 KI
-Mrrc )
94:
Coneide,r ebenA6-efu,be radial hoqt @ndrrcDion in o- hollow cg,linder (zc.mSr<?c n) Energ]6 is gen erabed aV o- rabe ef g : OxlOG N/mu, uhile bhe lnside surfcrce. rs nd nbatned ab o- qnsDqnD @mpera"vure. Tq:loo'C,
and bhe ou-ber ula]l dissip azes heav u6 qnvqlion uibh a heav bronsfer qettic)enD h": oooN/mroc invo An arnbienb qtt z,ero pemperabure. b|diuidinfl the, ea6linder invo qlnt 5 @Btnonve find ahemdial bOmperaturo &ebribubion b6 FDI,A. Take_ bho c}linder rnqberial , K- OO N/noC,
Solubion
Given,
l,(: 5O n/m". - O.5 N/"rfc A: 5OO l^J/m'oc: O.O Ohtf"r.7 8 - Sxlon N/*u: i N/cn3
\ ,!*h
\-
LengDh,
h:*:(cm
e5:
Qovernin1 Eq/uab"ron
d?r-_\
r dr a :o dr- t- F* K
Ti*:?T,i"rit
hz
*f r;
Tt*t--Ti-t
R zgn- *_:
r
t-*c.
(-l
For i n?ernaf n od es
i:2,
(:3,
tr
*t,-zTsi*ro
2Tzt tru
___L
:-lo :-to
:-lo
2To* #-Ta:-{o
i:4,
L: 5,
l{ -g Te- 2T<+#fu to
#Ta-
96:
For addi vi ona( condiVi on,
i:G, ftTo-2Ta*#Tz:-/o
coettiae.nD rnavrixI
G to bal
oo c c o o
O
qpazbn,
\
-r2
loo
- lo -lo
-to
-r3
T1
-fT6
-lo
-(0
o
tO
t4
I
-2
t5
-r+
q
-r2
'lc tO/ OO
)zItt6: tr:l
q 1,6 t4 l,(
Tg -Ta
\-
l7( l :o..
I6= 7.4 I \v-t I I t5a t:C.E 5.7 t.eG t( 6.? e6
-T.-
z
t.o
-T+
;l
'oo It o lOo
{r3:
4{ {. I 41.
.6 I
(
r"8 o1" 62" l,b vo, t 70, 7.4 ( 67. 4l ( 55. 7) t.7 55.
f
zl
97:
6.
sF
rrru
e E
L
14O
(u
o-
F
{D
130
9B:
Problem
#zg
fuapnD
Solubton
Oho probte;rn
Disrye7\zabian
of
bhe domain
ft
12_re14rg a-o
16
tcm
h'
-Tt*t
zh"
-Tr-t
+fll.<
:o
99:
9he,ne,il
-z
(-r
C
A Te-274r 6_ re 5
i:
5,
tro-2Teu a
1n
--ro
d':lt Zl:lOO
i:6, -x ff1,:n:
t-
h(Tr -rdli:a
+ - gTc*r--Ti-t 1. Il:6 2h
+
:=>
Te-G:
Q-276
100:
Addi Vional cond
i hi
on,
&b,
i:
6,
to
Global coe)f
I
x" EqTuo.fion t
2
a,
o c o o c -2 4 C C c e
5 -2 q 4
ol
o
8
ol
T
1-2
'
t001
-tD
c L 6
-2
C C o 6 o o
4
To
Ta
-Tn
,;
-/o
o o o o
I 5 -2 6 6 o 6
7
I
_-to (
I
-2 7
T6
c
-rt
-r2
-0.2 -l
-lq
ol
loo t 5g.l
172.1
-rs
-T4
k
T6 T7
t76.e t69.5
t56.6
t98.2
100
lr3:
t6b
172.1
101:
: ;
(J 150
E pMa
o o
TE L
(l,
130
102:
Dovolop bhe @mploae Finibe Diffe.l^er1ce madel ir.,B o+ bhe ovendry eDaDe radio-l haav @ndacaion in o-
solid rod/spherq, (r: a),in uhich anvec-bion.e are alloned bo ambie.nDs Frorn Vhe oube.r utall oP Vha
rod /uph
ere.
Solubi on
-/\ ,/\
rA'
\.
h": -n\
,Q-
n---
d,r 4_ p
*Tt+rZT4^-rV-r
>
)
t#
renTt-t
: -Y
103:
Jfuenal
r-)
i+t
MTa
poirtb t:l
K
+q*+!t* fl - o dr' r dr
N oN.,
AppluirA
I r /:
rdu/t.rr--T; #ff)l
uoPlratP rulq
Io:o: AV lr=o
o'arr
3h'
K
104:
-Thus
bha seb
Tz
of qpaDiorl;,
(:lt To-2T f
i:2,
l?'tT
-27"*R'4
fotTt-276-+R';f4
i4,
[: fi, i: fltl,
tZ
I^ -,-
2Tn+ R'z-tn+t
: -Y
hhe dobal
ooef*
ic,ie.nb
-2
R'1
2 0O
-2 R2 O
&t
R.2
o o o O
O
o
a
.-2
oo
R2
I
oo
OO
\
"T2
,*fu-At
-Ts
o
o
oco o o o-
o o
:)
l_tul l_tul
,K I
R't
-2R2O
R'1 -2
T/1
o
O
Tnrr
Tn*z
)*^"1 L a"sI
-l
lvl,
L^;l
=) tAl
t.3: {1
105:
t) A lO cm diano2er sDee) Ssrrf rod of bhe,rma( condtrcbivivt6 40 N/m"C is heooed e_lenbricallt4 bt4 bha PaesaBe oP e)ecvrie ourrrena uhidt Beneraaes ene'rg6 niahin ilre bax of a raDe ffi 4xo6 N/n3 Hatt is dissipabed fran bha s?,tr f are. of frie bar bA *nvecrtion wiVh a coeiliaenD of 4OO tA/mToc inDo o-n a-tnbien? of ZO"C. p.1div?ding pho radiz.r.s
OO (Dabe^. 3t/ to/
inDo e-q/Lta( Pive. e%monDs.
Probtem
(t) Develop bha ample7e, fini ?a -diffe re.ne. SoluDi an Poqm f o r a^adiat pe.rn p. d isrr i bubion
(z)
rtnd vhe vor?abion of bemp along bhe.'ad,a{ dire,c-Uion and shou ia on a- raph B
.
Sclubion
Qiven,
{
-r'--
bcm
4xloG
N/n3: 4 N/c^'
DiscreVi<aPion
of
bha donain
'4
Me'sh Lengbh
h:=-I -l cn
r'
106:
d'r *{-gl-r dr' r dr
ZTl +T;_1
l
4,,
_\ T*,_.7
fl :() \ K
tr r/t( |
r
L-l
zk-
a_ -o
l.<
lo
(-1
4:2,
*n -2Tz**ru
T
3EIz -
i: e,
2Ts-tT',
= tro-2k
:- lo :- lo
:-lO
G --lo
i- 4,
(:
b,
107:
For add i aional cond ibion
,
[:6, *r"-2Ta*#n:-ro
For i:t
) 2#*+-o
-Q*r-2Tc'+T;.
/"t
*+- -o
-2 2 O
L 2
-2*o
4
o
C
c
o
cct -29 o g
=
o 8-2 + o o
6
e -z-I .6
ooo
o co
COO
-5
-ro -to
-10
-T3
T4
Tg
-ro
-77
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280
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250
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230
220
210
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22_53
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Probtem
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109:
Solubion
rt
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%
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tgl.67
179.93
tGt.67
t46_67
112:
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o L
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22.53
Radial Disbnce, r {cm)