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UjjvaIa NiIamani Kiranah
A Ray of Lighf from fhe UjjvaIa NiIamani
(fhe respIendenf, brighf bIue sapphire of Lord Krsna)
Sri Viswanafh Cakrabarfi Thakur
LjjvaI NIaman is a composiiion by Sii Rupa Gosvami]
LjjvaI NIaman Kran is composcd by Sii Viswanail Caliabaiii Tlalui.
Sii Sii Kisna Saianam
I ialc slclici ol Sii Kisna
Alici laving, complcicd ilc dcsciipiion ol Sr Pnahtrasamrta Snnu Pnu, a
dclincaiion ol ilc iopmosi pinnaclc ol mcllows (ujjval ias) is now bcing
undciialcn. In ilcsc loving mcllows Sii Kisna plays ilc paii ol ilc lcio, ilc cicsi
jcwcl amongsi all lovcis.
Nayak-vibhed (Differenf kinds of divisions amongsf Heroes)
Tlc cicsi jcwcl ol all diamaiic aciois, Sii Kisna, is mosi pcilcci in Golul, moic
pcilcci in Mailuia, and pcilcci in Dvaiala - ilcsc aic His ilicc piincipal modcs ol
aciing. Lacl ol ilcsc lcioic aciois can again bc classilicd accoiding io loui
disiinciions: Dliiodaiia, Dliialaliia, Dliioddlaia, and Dliiasania.
Tlc pcisonaliiy ol Dliiodaiia icscmblcs Loid Ramacandia in icims ol giaviiy,
lumiliiy, His qualiiy ol always ollciing piopci icspcci io liiiing pcisons, and oilci
sucl wondcilul qualiiics wlicl cndcai Him io cvciyonc. Tlc pcisonaliiy ol
Dliialaliia is lilc Kamadcb. Hc is submissivc io His lovci, licc liom caic oi
anxiciy, cndowcd wiil ncw youillulncss, and vciy wiiiy oi lumoious. Tlc
pcisonaliiy ol Dliioddlaia is similai io llimascna in icims ol aiiogancc and
impudcncc. Hc is a concciicd biaggaii, posscsscd ol inicnsc and passionaic angci
and las ilc icndcncy io imposc lis will upon oilcis cvcn io ilc poini ol
dissimulaiion and bcguilcmcni. Tlc pcisonaliiy ol Dliiasania is cxcmplilicd by
Yudlisiliia. His picdominani qualiiics aic icligiousncss, masiciy ovci lis scnscs,
and posscssion ol lnowlcdgc ol ilc sciipiuics.
Tlc abovc mcniioncd loui classilicaiions aic cacl luiilci subdividcd inio iwo and
again loui oilci subdivisions. Onc subdivision is paii and upapaii. Tlcsc iwo
divisions iclci io svaliya and paialiya iasas, as paii mcans lusband and upapaii
mcans paiamoui. Tlc oilci subdivision consisis ol loui iypcs: 1) AnuhuI 2)
Dahhn 3) Satna and +) Dnrsta. AnuhuI mcans somconc wlo is aiiaclcd io only
onc lovci wlcicas somconc wlo bclavcs cqually wiil many lovcis is callcd
Dahhn. Tlai pcison wlo spcals agiccably and amiablc bcloic lis lovci bui iiics io
do lci laim in lci abscncc is callcd Satna. Somconc wlo comcs bcloic onc lovci,
dccoiaicd wiil signs ol lovc maling liom anoilci lovci, bui wlo icmains unaliaid
and iclls lics on oidci io covci ilc ical iiuil, is lnown as Dnrsta.
In ilis way, 96 dillcicni linds ol lovcis can bc dcsciibcd.
In Pnaht Pasamrta Snnu Pnu ii las bccn dcsciibcd ilai ilc pcimancni mcllow
ol ilc iopmosi pinnaclc ol all mcllows (ujjval ias) is piiyaia iaii: ilc muiual
cxpciicncc ol ccsiacics by Kisna and ilc gopis duiing icmcmbiancc ol and
mcciing wiil cacl oilci. Piiyaia iaii can bc dcsciibcd as a lind ol conccii oi piidc
cxpciicnccd in ilc lcaii ol ilc gopis aiising liom ilc inicnsc allcciion ilai ilcy
lccl iowaids Slyamsundai, "amar pranpat" - "Tlc Loid ol my lilc and bicail!"
Tlc dwclling placc ol ilis amoious aiiaclmcni is in ilc lady-lovcis ol Kisna (ilc
gopis). Tlcicloic, ilcy (ilc gopis) aic lnown as ilc asray-aIamban - ilc slclici
and suppoii ol ilis scniimcni. lccausc ilc lcio (Kisna) appcais as ilc objcci ol
ilis scniimcni, Hc is lnown as ilc vsoy-aIamban. Tlcsc scniimcnis aic awalcncd
by lcaiing, icmcmbiancc ol ilc Qualiiics, Namc, Iamc, Ioim, cic., ol ilc objcci,
Sii Kisna.
So ilc cicsi jcwcl amongsi all lovcis, Sii Kisna, is ilc objcci; Sii Radlila and ilc
oilci misiicsscs (gopis) aic ilc slclici and suppoii ol ilcsc loving scniimcnis and
ilc Qualiiics, Namcs, cic. wlicl manilcsi oi icvcal ilcsc scniimcnis aic lnown as
upan-vbnab.
Nayika-vibhag (Division amongsf femaIe Iovers)
Tlc liisi iwolold division amongsi lcmalc lovcis is: 1) Svahya and 2) Parahya.
Tlc gopis wlo woislippcd goddcss Kaiyayani and wlo wcic laici maiiicd wiil
Kisna accoiding io ilc Gandlaiva iiics ol maiiiagc aic callcd svya. Scpaiaic liom
ilcm aic ilc gopis lcadcd by Dlanya wlo aic parahya. Tlc moic cxpciicnccd
gopis lcadcd by Sii Radlila, wlo aic vciy mucl bclovcd by Sii Kisna, aic
paialiya. lcsidc ilcm ilcic aic somc gopis in Golul wlo ilougl ilcy aic svya,
aic aciually parahya duc io ilc lcai ilcy lccl in lioni ol ilcii supciiois, lilc ilcii
moilci and lailci. In Dvaiala, all ol ilc quccns, lcadcd by Rulmini, aic svya.
Amongsi ilcsc iwo iypcs ol lovcis ilcic aic ilicc oilci subdivisions: 1) mugna 2)
manya & 3) pragaIbna. Manya is luiilci dividcd inio ilicc, accoiding io
dillcicni iypcs ol lcigncd angci (man). Tlai lovci, wlo wiil iiony, pun, innucndo
and ambiguous cxpicssion saicasiically and wiil allccicd impoiiancc icbulcs ilc
lcio, is lnown as Dliiamadlya: wlcicas Adliiamadlya simply uscs laisl and
unlind woids duc io bcing ovcipowcicd by angci. Tlai lovci wlo uscs a mixiuic
ol boil linds ol languagc is callcd, Dliiadliia madlya (Sii Radla).
Tlc lovci wlo conccals lci angci yci is disinicicsicd in bcing cmbiaccd by Sii
Kisna, is callcd Dliia-pragaIbna. Lxamplcs ol ilis aic Candiavali, Palila and
lladia. Tlosc wlo scvcicly scold Sii Kisna wiil ilc loicc ol a iaging sioim, using
languagc dcsciibcd as Kainoipal(') aic Adliia piagalbla. Tlis naiuic is
cxcmplilicd in ilc gopi, Slyamala. Lovcis lilc Mangala lowcvci, wlo wiillold
ilcii angci and only sliglily icpiimand ilc lcio aic callcd, Dliiadliia piagalbla.
Tlcic is only onc iypc ol mugna. Tlc pcisonaliiy wlo is coniiollcd by ilis
scniimcni bccomcs so cniagcd and indignani ilai ilcy don'i say anyiling.
In ilis way, ilcic aic ilicc linds ol manya; ilicc linds ol pragaIbna (impudcni,
slamclcss, unabaslcd, loiwaid, daiing, iniicpid, impciiincni, insolcni, saucy, pcii,
clccly); and onc lind ol mugna (siunncd, bcwildcicd, siupclicd). In all, ilai
malcs scvcn. Tlcn amongsi ilcsc, somc aic svya and somc aic parahya wlicl
malcs louiiccn. Tlcic is also onc moic iypc wlicl is similai io mugdla and is
callcd hanyahao. Tlus a ioial ol liliccn dillcicni linds ol lcmalc lovcis lavc bccn
dcsciibcd.
Asfa-nayika bhed (Eighf divisions amongsf Iovers)
1) ablisaiila 2) basalsajja 3) viialoilaniliia +) vipialabdla 5) llandiia 6)
lalalaniaiiia 7) piosiiablaiiiila S) svadlinblaiiiila.
Tlai lovci wlo causcs Sii Kisna io malc an assignaiion wiil lci and wlo lciscll
lccps ilai iiysi wiil Kisna is callcd abnsarha. Tlai lovci wlo, dcsiiing io cnjoy
wiil lci bclovcd, picpaics a bcd wiilin a malcslili ioom, consiiucicd wiilin ilc
loicsi giovcs, and wlo dccoiaics ilai placc and picpaics llowci gailands and pan
is callcd basahsajja. Tlc lovci wlo bccomcs anxious and impaiicni duc io lccling
scpaiaiion wlcn Kisna is laic in aiiiving is lnown as vranot-hantnta. Tlai lovci
wlo las iniimaicd by linis and gcsiuics, io mcci lci, yci is siood up' by Sii Kisna
is callcd vpraIabna. Tlai lovci wlo mccis Sii Kisna in ilc moining, sccing His
body dccoiaicd wiil signs ol ilc picvious nigli's lovc maling wiil anoilci gopi
and wlo bccomcs vciy angiy iowaids Him bccomcs lnown as hnanta (oi
manavat - a woman in a lii ol piquc). Tlai lovci wlosc icscnimcni las subsidcd
and wlo ilcn lccls icpcniancc is callcd haIanantarta. Tlc lovci wlo las bccomc
cxiicmcly misciablc as a icsuli ol Sii Kisna's laving gonc away io Mailuia is
lnown as prostabnarttrha. Tlai lovci, wlo alici laving cnjoycd lovc maling wiil
Sii Kisna, asls Him io adjusi lci cloilcs, oinamcnis and laii is lnown as svann
bnarttrha. Tlc picviously mcniioncd liliccn dillcicni iypcs ol lovcis, wlcn
dillcicnily allccicd by ilcsc cigli cmoiions, can pioducc a ioial ol onc lundicd
and iwcniy dillcicni siiuaiions ol allccicd and disallccicd lovcis. Again, all ol ilcsc
lovcis can bc classilicd accoiding io uttam (bcsi), manyam (mcdium) and hanstna
(lcasi). Tlus ilcic aic a ioial ol ilicc lundicd and sixiy divisions.
Amongsi all ol ilcsc lovcis, ilc bcauiilul gopis ol liaja, somc ol ilcm, lilc Sii
Radla and Candiavali aic ntya sna, cicinally pcilccicd. Tlcn, somc ol ilcm aic
sanan-sna (pcilccicd as a icsuli ol cxccuiing dcvoiional scivicc). Siill oilcis
wcic in ilcii picvious livcs, munis (sagcs), siuiis (pcisonilicd Vcdas) and dcbis
(dcmigoddcsscs).
Nayika ganer svabhava (Nafures of Iovers)
Among all ol ilcsc aloicmcniioncd lovcis, somc ol ilcm lavc a vciy loi, slaip oi
acuic naiuic (prahnara), lilc Slyamala, Mangala, cic. Somc ol ilcm lavc a mcdiaic
naiuic, lilc Sii Radla, Pali, cic. Wlilc oilcis aic vciy gcnilc, supplc and mccl
(mrv) lilc Candiavali, cic.
Tlcn, amongsi ilc lady lovcis ol Sii Kisna, somc ol ilcm aic sapahsa (paiiisan),
somc sunrpahsa (wcll-wislcis), somc tatastna pahsa (maiginal), and somc aic
vpahsa (opposcd).
Paiiial io Radlaiani aic Laliia, Visalla, cic. Slyamala (wlo is lciscll ilc lcadci ol
a gioup ol gopis), is noi only paiiisan bui a vciy closc liicnd and companion ol Sii
Radla as wcll. lladia is ncuiially siiuaicd, wlcicas Candiavali is an opponcni oi
advcisaiy. Amongsi ilcsc loui gioups somc aic bama (lcli wing) and somc aic
iigli wing (ahhn).
Lcli wing - Tlosc wlo aic vciy pciscvciing n ilc maiici ol man (piquc, lcigncd
icscnimcni oui ol lovc); wlo bccomc angiy il ilcii piquc is ncglccicd, aic
impcivious io ilc lcio (ilai is, ilcy aic unyiclding io Him) and wlosc languagc
can bc vciy sicin.
Rigli wing - Tlcy aic complcicly unloigiving in ilc maiici ol man; ilcy picscni
jusi and icasonablc aigumcnis bcloic ilc lcio bui wlcn solaccd by ilc lcio ilcy
bccomc docilc and submissivc.]
Siimaii Radlila is lcli wing; manya; Slc wcais a bluc sliii oi saii, wiil a icd vcil.
Laliia is slaip; ol a loi naiuic (prahnara) and wcais cloil ilc coloui ol pcacocl
lcailcis. Visalla is lcli wing; manya; and wcais cloil dccoiaicd wiil siais.
Induiclla is lcli wing; prahnara (pungcni and aciid) and wcais cloil ilc coloui ol
a suniisc. Rangadcvi and Sudcvi aic lcli wing; ilcii naiuic is acuic (prahnara) and
ilcii cloil is icd in coloui. All ol ilcm lavc a goldcn colouicd bodily complcxion.
Campallaia is lcli wing; manya and wcais bluc colouicd cloil. Ciiia is iigli
wing; gcnilc by naiuic and wcais bluc cloil. Tungavidya is iigli wing, loi naiuic
and wcais wliic colouicd cloil. Slyamala is lcli wing, gcncious and lind, loi
naiuic and wcais icd cloil. lladia is iigli wing, gcnilc and wcais cloil dccoiaicd
wiil piciuics (piinicd / muliicolouicd). Candiavali is iigli wing, docilc and wcais
bluc cloil. Hci liicnd Padma is iigli wing, yci loi icmpcicd. Saibya is iigli wing
and gcnilc. Tlcsc iwo sallis boil wcai icd cloil.
Manya - ilai salli is lnown as Madlya, in wlom slaipncss and mildncss aic
cqually picscni. Tlc balancc ol ilcsc iwo opposiic qualiiics mollilics lci inicnsiiy
and ilus slc is lnown as madlya. Sucl a lovci is cquibalanccd in icims ol
basllulncss and lusi, lci spcaling can bc sliglily impciiincni, yci ilc dclivciy ol
lci woids las a cadcncc and bcauiilul, musical qualiiy aboui ii iypilicd by ccsiaiic
cmoiion. Hci naiuic is powcilul and inllucniial. In ilc maiici ol man (ai ilc iimc
ol lccling piqucd) slc can bc somciimcs docilc and somciimcs ciucl.]
Dufi Bhed (Differenf kinds of messengers)
In ilc conjugal mcllow ilcic aic iwo linds ol mcsscngcis. A lovci, icvcaling lci
cmoiions and inicniions, can aci as lci own mcsscngci, oilciwisc slc can ialc
inio lci conlidcncc onc ol lci icliablc lollowcis, wlo, as a liicnd, caiiics oui ilc
duiics ol a mcsscngci. Closc companions wlo aci as mcsscngcis lall inio ilicc
caicgoiics: 1) amtartna 2) nsrstartna and 3) patranarn. Tlc mcsscngci wlo,
wiiloui spcaling convcys lci mcssagcs by gcsiuic and linis is callcd amtartna.
Tlc nsrstartna mcsscngci accomplislcs cvciyiling as slc is insiiucicd and ialcs
pcisonal icsponsibiliiy loi causing ilc mcciing io ialc placc. Tlc mcsscngci wlo
scnds lci mcssagcs and cxccuics lci duiics by way ol lciicis is lnown as
patranarn.
All ol ilcsc mcsscngcis aic lully convcisani in ilc linc aiis, ablc io picdici onc's
loiiunc, cclibaic, cxpcii ai aiicnding io onc's nccds, nuiscmaids and sylvan
goddcsscs. In liaja, Sii Kisna las ilicc mcsscngcis: liia, liinda and lamsi. liia is
saucy in spcccl, liinda is swcci-iongucd and laii spolcn, wlilc lamsi is ilc
accomplislci ol all dccds.
Sakhi Bhed (Differenf kinds of sakhis)
Tlcic aic livc iypcs ol sallis: 1) sahn 2) ntya sahn 3) pran sahn +) prya sahn
and 5) paramprcstna sahn. Amongsi ilcm somc aic sama-sncna and somc aic
vsam sncna.
Tlosc wlo aic moic allcciionaic iowaids Kisna aic callcd sahns. Somc ol ilc
sallis aic liinda, Kundalaia, Vidya, Dlanisila, Kusumila, Kamada, Aiicyi, cic.
Tlc ntya sahns aic moic allcciionaic iowaids Sii Radla. Somc ol ilc niiya sallis
aic Kasiuii, Manojna, Mani-manjaii, Sinduia, Candanvaii, Kaumudi, Madiia, cic.
Tlc piincipal amongsi ilc niiya sallis aic callcd pran sahns. Somc ol ilc pian
sallis aic: Tulasi, Kclilandali, Kadambaii, Sasimulli, Candiaiclla, Piiyambada,
Madonmada, Madlumaii, lasanii, Kalablasini, Rainabali, Malaii, Kaipuilaiila,
cic.
All ol ilcm aic almosi cqual in bcauiy wiil ilc Quccn ol liindaban, Sii Radlila.
Malaii, Candialaiila, Guncuia, laiangada, Madlavi, Candiila, Picm-manjaii,
Tanumadlyama, Kandaipasundaii, cic. aic amongsi ilc icns ol millions ol
bcauiilul liaja prya sahns. Tlc clicl amongsi ilcm aic ilc param prcstna sahns.
Lvcn ilougl Laliia, Visalla, Ciiia, Campallaia, Rangadcvi, Sudcvi, Tungavidya
and Induiclla aic cqually allcciionaic iowaids Radla and Govinda, siill ilcy aic
picjudiccd iowaids Sii Radla.
Bayo Bhed (Age differences)
Tlc liaja Gopis agcs aic dividcd inio loui gioups: 1) bayan sann 2)
navyayauvan 3) byahta yauvan and +) purna yauvan. Kalavaii, cic., las jusi comc
inio adolcsccncc (laisoi) - bayan sann. Dlanya, cic. aic jusi in ilc piimc ol
adolcsccncc (laisoi / 10-15) navya yauvan. Sii Radlila and oilcis aic in ilc agc
gioup - byahta yauvan - ilc agc ai wlicl ilc bicasis bccomc clcaily dclincd, ilc
bclly is mailcd wiil ilicc lincs, and all ol ilc bodily limbs lavc a glow and lusiic
aboui ilcm. Candiavali, Padma, cic. aic in ilc agc gioup purna yauvana - ai ilis
agc ilc lips bccomc widci, ilc waisi is vciy ilin, ilc body bccomcs vciy lusiious,
ilc bicasis bccomc big and ilc iligls ialc on ilc appcaiancc ol banana iicc
iiunls.
Uddipan vibhab (Differenf kinds of sfimuIafion for ecsfafic Iove)
Tlcic aic many linds ol siimulaiion loi ccsiaiic lovc; somc ol wlicl aic: Kisna's
and ilc gopi's qualiiics, Tlcii Namcs, ccsiaiic dancing, ilc music ol ilc lluic,
milling ol ilc cows, oinamcnis, (Kisna's and ilc gopis') songs (aboui Kisna and
ilc gopis), ilc signs boin on ilcii loius looi piinis, pcacocl lcailcis, nccllaccs ol
gunja (a small icd, laid bciiy wiil a blacl doi on ii), oinamcnis loi ilc lcad and
cais, ilc sigli ol a dail iain cloud (wlicl is ilc coloui ol Kisna's body), cic.
Anubhab (fransformafions produced in fhe mind and body due fo
experiencing ecsfafic emofions)
Tlcic aic many iypcs ol anubnab. Amongsi ilcm, blav, lab, lcla, sobla, lanii,
dipii, madluiya, piagalblaia, audaiya, dlaiiya, lila, vilas, viccliiii, vibliam,
lilalincii, moiiayiia, luiiamii, bibbol, lalii and viliia; lavc bccn dcsignaicd by
ilcsc liguics ol spcccl. Tlc liisi iiansloimaiion ilai is obscivcd in an unallccicd
and composcd siaic ol mcnial cquilibiium is callcd bnab. Tlc condiiion wlicl is
indicaicd by bcnding ol ilc nccl and cxpansion ol ilc cycs and cycbiows is
lnown as nab. Wlcn ilc bicasis iliob, oilci ccsiaiic sympioms sucl a
loiiipilaiion (sianding ol ilc laiis on cnd) ialc placc and ilc bcli and cloilcs
looscn and bcgin io slip oll - ilis is callcd ncIa. Tlc bodily oinamcnis aic
dcsciibcd as sobna (lovcly and lusiious) duc io ilc inllucncc ol bodily bcauiy and
plysical cnjoymcni. Kant is ilc giacc oi lovclincss wlicl bccomcs noiiccablc
duiing ilc blooming ol ncw youil. Wlcn lanii bccomcs cvcn moic cnlanccd duc
io cciiain iimcs, placcs oi ciicumsianccs ilcn ii is lnown as pt (blazing,
gliiiciing iadiancc). Wlcn ilc body bccomcs languid duc io laiiguc liom dancing
oi any oilci iclaicd plysical cxciiion, ilis is callcd manurya. Invciicd plysical
cnjoymcni is callcd pragaIbnata (boldncss, iniicpidiiy). Duiing ilc iimc ol inicnsc
angci, il ilc sympioms ol lumiliiy aic cxpicsscd ii is callcd auarya. Lvcn ilougl
ilcic is ilc lilclilood ilai onc will bc alllicicd wiil soiiow il lc (oi slc) icmains
sicady in aiiaclmcni and in lovc, ilcn ilis is lnown as narya. Imiiaiion ol ilc
aciiviiics ol ilc lcio is callcd IIa. Wlcn ilc lacc bccomcs vciy clccilul and gay ai
ilc iimc ol bcing iogcilci wiil onc's dailing, ilis is lnown as vIas (wanion
dalliancc).
Lvcn ilougl onc is wcaiing lcss cloilcs and oinamcnis, wlcn Hc (oi slc) siill
appcais vciy claiming and lovcly ilis is callcd vccntt. Wlcn going oui io mcci
onc's lovci, as a icsuli ol bcing vciy busy in oidci io lccp ilc iiysi, wlcn ilc
llowci gailands and nccllaccs dccoiaiing onc's body bccomc disaiiaycd ilis is
callcd vbnram. Duiing Radla and Kisna's pasiimcs, loi insiancc, wlcn Kisna
blocls Radlaiani's pail and simuliancously Slc is movcd by ilc lollowing
cmoiions, namcly, piidc duc io cxccssivc miiil, inicnsc dcsiic, ciying, laugling,
jcalousy, lcai and angci, ilc aggicgaic ol all ol ilcsc simuliancously picscni
sympioms is callcd hIahnct. ly iccciving ncws ol onc's lovci, wlcn ilc laiis
siand on cnd and oilci ccsiaiic sympioms aic picscni and inicnsc dcsiic is
manilcsicd, ilis is lnown as mottayta. Wlcn ilc lovci's lips aic bcing biiicn and
ilcic is loiciblc aiiiaciion io lci bicasis wlicl pioduccs dcliglilul plcasuic yci
slc ouiwaidly givcs ilc appcaiancc ilai slc is bcing paincd, ilis is callcd huttamt.
Tlougl onc gicaily dcsiics somciling, wlcn lc (oi slc) slows disicgaid iowaids
ilai objcci duc io bcing ovcily allccicd by piidc, ilcn ilis is lnown as vbboh.
Wlcn onc movcs lis cycbiows, malcs vaiious gcsiiculaiions and gcsiuics and
wavcs lis lands and aims in oidci io sloo away a bumblc bcc, ilcn ilis aiicmpi is
callcd IaIt. Duc io lccling slamc, onc somciimcs may noi admii io laving donc
somciling, bui wlcn ilis dcccpiion bccomcs icvcalcd ii is lnown as vhrta. Tlcsc
aic ilc iwcniy ccsiaiic cmbcllislmcnis.
lcsidc ilcsc, ilcic aic iwo moic ccsiaiic sympioms. Lvcn ilougl onc alicady
lnows somciling bui picicnds lc docsn'i and ilus asls a qucsiion, ilis qucsiion
is callcd maugnya. Wlcn onc lccls lcai duc io sccing somc bumblc-bccs in lioni
ol lis (oi lci) mosi dcaily bclovcd ilcn ilis is lnown as caht.
Tlcic aic a lcw oilci ccsiaiic sympioms wlicl will bc only biiclly iclciicd io:
ncgligcncc in binding onc's bcli, uppci gaimcni oi laii; vaiious gcsiuics and
gcsiiculaiions: yawning, sligli slaling ol ilc nosc, bicailing, cic.
Saffvik (Sympfoms of exisfenfiaI ecsfafic Iove)
Ncxi aic ilc cigli sympioms ol cxisicniial ccsiaiic lovc bcginning wiil bccoming
siunncd and pcispiiaiion, as wcll as ilcii giadual dcvclopmcni iliougl ilc siagcs
ol smoling, buining, blazing and biigli illuminaiion.
Byabhicari (Furfher sympfoms which express overwheIming ecsfafic
Iove)
Vaiious cmoiional siagcs, bcginning wiil dcjcciion, indillcicncc, cic. wlicl lclp
io csiablisl ilc pcimancni mcllow.
Bhavof paffyadi
Ncxi ilcic aic loui condiiions wlicl manilcsi ilcmsclvcs: 1) bnavotpatt 2) bnav-
sann 3) bnav sabaIya and +) bnav sant. Tlc appcaiancc ol an cmoiion in ilc
lcaii is callcd bnavotpatt. Wlcn iwo cmoiions combinc iogcilci ii is lnown as
bnav sann. Wlcn onc cmoiion bccomcs dclcaicd by anoilci cmoiion ilai is
callcd bnav savaIIya. Wlcn an cmoiion disappcais ii is callcd bnav sant.
Sfhayi bhab (Permanenf meIIow)
In LjjvaI Pas, ilc iopmosi pinnaclc ol all dcvoiional mcllows is manur-rat (ilc
conjugal aiiaclmcni ilai ilc gopis lccl loi Kisna). Tlis madlui iaii is ol ilicc
linds: 1) sanaran 2) samanjasa and 3) samartna. Tlc sanaran manur rat
lound in Kubja is, lilc an oidinaiy gcm, iaic. Tlc ioyal quccns ol Dvaiala,
bcginning wiil Rulmini, aic posscsscd ol samanjasa rat. Tlis is compaicd io
ciniamani (iouclsionc). Tlc gopis ol liaja (liaja dcvis) aic posscsscd ol samartna
rat. Tlis is compaicd io ilc Kausiubla gcm. liiclly, ilai aiiaclmcni wlicl las as
iis dcsign and inicni onc's own pcisonal cnjoymcni is callcd sanaran. Tlai
aiiaclmcni wlicl las as iis puiposc ilc cnjoymcni wlicl acciucs boil io Kisna
and onc's scll, liom bcing His wilc, is callcd samanjasa. Tlai aiiaclmcni wlicl las
as iis inicni, ilc cxclusivc plcasuic ol Sii Kisna, wlicl Hc obiains by cnjoying
oilcis' wivcs, is callcd samartna.
Now ilc lully maiuic condiiion ol samartna rat is bcing dcsciibcd.
In ilc liisi siagc ilc aiiaclmcni is in ilc sccdling siagc. Puic lovc is compaicd io
sugai-canc; allcciion is compaicd io sugai-canc juicc; man (piquc) is compaicd io
molasscs; ilcn pranoy (iniimacy) is compaicd io iaw sugai; rag (dccp aiiaclmcni),
claiaciciizcd by an insaiiablc dcsiic io lavc Kisna - cvcn laving obiaincd His
associaiion onc wanis Him cvcn moic - is compaicd io sugai; anurag (passionaic
dcvoiion) is compaicd io liglly iclincd sugai; and linally manabnab (ccsiaiic lovc)
is compaicd io iocl candy.
As a icsuli ol lcclings oi icndcncics acquiicd in picvious biiils, oi duc io ialing
gicai dcligli in lcaiing and claniing ol Kisna's pasiimcs, wlcn ilc mind bccomcs
so aiiaclcd, ilai ii's condiiion is dcsciibcd as coniiguous oi lasicncd io Sii Kisna,
ilcn ilis is callcd rat. Lvcn ilougl ilcic may bc impcdimcnis, wlcn ii is sccn
ilai iaii docsn'i wanc oi dcclinc ilcn ii is lnown as prcm. Wlcn ilc lcaii mclis
duc io inicnsc lovc ii is callcd sncna. Wlcn ilis sncla acquiics ilc qualiiy ol
tayata bnab (ilc lccling ilai I bclong io Kisna) as ii docs amongsi Candiavali
and oilcis, ilcn ii is callcd gnrta-sncna. Wlcn ilis lccling bccomcs cvcn luiilci
iiansloimcd, duc io bcing mixcd wiil sucl londncss loi ilc lcio ilai ii
appioaclcs ovci indulgcncc, ilcn ii bccomcs suras sncna. Amongsi Sii Radla and
somc ol ilc oilci liaja badlus, ilc luiilci qualiiy ol mayata bnab (Kisna
bclongs io mc) iiansloims ilis allcciion inio Manu-sncna. Jusi as loncy, wlcn
combincd wiil anoilci loodsiull impaiis sucl a disiinciivc llavoui and a savoui io
wlaicvci ii is combincd wiil, iailci ilan iis own iasic bcing paiiiculaily allccicd
by ilc combincd subsiancc, similaily ilc allcciion lcli by Siimaii Radlila loi Sii
Kisna docsn'i dcpcnd oi icly on any oilci cmoiion bui ii's scll. Tlus ii las bccomc
cclcbiaicd as manu sncna.
Duc io vciy cxccssivc allcciion, wlcn ilcic is sullicicni icasonablc oi insullicicni,
unicasonablc causc, oi bccausc ol angci pioduccd liom jcalousy, oi in ilc abscncc
ol any causc wlaisocvci, wlcn ilc allcciions acquiic somc croohc aspcci ilcn ii is
callcd man. Amongsi Candiavali and ilc oilci gopis, somciimcs ilis man is
acccnicd by a rgnt vng naiuic and somciimcs by a Icjt vng naiuic. Tlc lcigncd
angci (man) ol Radlaiani and Hci lollowcis is callcd LaIt man.
Wlcn man bccomcs luiilci advanccd and onc bclicvcs ilai ilc body, mind and
scnscs ol lci bclovcd lavc bccomc uniicd wiil lci own, ilcn ilis is lnown as
pranoy. Tlis is ol iwo vaiiciics - sahnya and matrya.
Wlcn pianoy incicascs io ilc poini ilai sullciing wlicl is in iclaiionslip io Kisna
is cxpciicnccd as lappincss, ilcn ilai is callcd rag. Tlis is ol iwo vaiiciics - nIma
and rahtma. Tlc rag ol Candiavali and lci lollowcis is nIrag. Tlai rag wlicl
suiiounds (oi covcis) a scll-ccniicd naiuic is callcd nIrag. Wlcn ilis iypc ol rag
(aiiaclmcni) is pcipciually dcsiicd oi siiivcn loi, ilcn ii bccomcs lnown as snyam
rag. lladia and lci lollowcis posscss ilis iypc ol aiiaclmcni. Sii Radla and Hci
lollowcis posscss manjstna rag. Tlis aiiaclmcni is ncuiial and docs noi conccal
any innci puiposc. Slyamala and lci lollowcis posscss husumbna rag. lccausc
ilcic is somc moiivaiion loi lappincss ii is considcicd io bc somcwlai inlciioi.
Tlc posiiion ol ilc aiiaclmcni (rag) las io bc undcisiood in accoidancc wiil ilc
qualiiics ol ilc pcison wlo posscsscs ilai aiiaclmcni. Wlcn onc cxpciicnccs ai
cvciy momcni, ilai lci aiiaclmcni io Sii Kisna appcais io bc ncwci and ncwci,
cvci licsl and cxiiaoidinaiily wondcilul, ilcn ilai aiiaclmcni is callcd anurag. In
anurag onc dcsiics ilai non-living objccis wlicl lavc somc iclaiionslip wiil Sii
Kisna migli ialc biiil; cvcn in ilc pcisonal picscncc ol Sii Kisna onc lccls
scpaiaiion; and wlcn ilcic aciually is scpaiaiion onc lccls His (Kisna's) picscncc.
Tlcsc linds ol aciions aic inspiicd by anurag.
Hcicalici, manabnab is bcing dcsciibcd. Manabnab is ol iwo linds: rurna and
anrurna. Lvcn wlilc cnjoying ilc lappincss ol Kisna's associaiion onc
somciimcs lccls gicaily aggiicvcd duc io appiclcnsion ol somc (imaginaiy) malady
oi disiicss (pcisccuiion). Tlcn also, wlcn onc cannoi iolciaic noi io scc Kisna,
cvcn loi ilc biicl momcni ilai ilc cycs involuniaiily blinl, ilcsc sympioms oi
condiiions indicaic ilc picscncc ol rurna manabnab. Wlcn, on accouni ol onc's
cmoiional siaic, slc cannoi possibly cvcn considci any compaiison bciwccn ilc
lappincss obiaincd in icns ol millions ol univciscs wiil cvcn a paiiiclc ol ilc
lappincss ilai is pioduccd by bcing in Kisna's associaiion, and vicc vcisa, can also
noi cniciiain any compaiison bciwccn ilc sullciing ilai comcs liom bcing biiicn
by a snalc oi siung by a scoipion wiil ilc pain ilc misciy ilai comcs liom bcing
scpaiaicd liom Sii Kisna, ilc siaic ilai gcnciaics ilis lappincss and soiiow duc io
bcing ciilci uniicd wiil oi scpaiaicd liom Sii Kisna, is lnown as anrurna
manabnab.
Again ilcic aic iwo divisions ol ilis anrurna manabnav: namcly moan and
maan. Wlcn duc io a paiiiculai cmoiion, ccsiaiic iiansloimaiions occui in a
blazing siaic in ilc body ol oui lcioinc, and ai ilc sigli ol ilcsc iiansloimaiions
Kisna and ilc gopis aic amazcd and givcn causc io lccl gicaily alaimcd, ilcn ilai
paiiiculai cmoiion can bc iccognizcd as moan. Tlis cmoiion (ol moan) can only
bc lound in Radlaiani's camp, noi clscwlcic. Moan is lnown as monan wlcn
cxpciicnccd duiing scpaiaiion. Wlcn ilis cmoiion iiscs up in Siimaii Radlila's
lcaii duiing ilc agony ol scpaiaiion, ilcn Sii Kisna, ilougl Hc is lying in ilc
cmbiacc ol ilc quccns ol Dvaiala, bccomcs unconscious. ly ilc inllucncc ol ilis
cmoiional siaic ilc cniiic univcisc is plungcd in giicl and cvcn lowci animals,
sucl as biids, bcgin io ciy. Tlcsc aic somc ol ilc cllccis ol Monan. Vciy licqucnily
ilis Monan malcs iis appcaiancc in ilc "Quccn ol liindaban." Onc vaiiaiion ol
ilis siaic is callcd vyonma in wlicl aic lound ilc moods ol ccsiaiic lovc callcd
ugnurna, ctrajaIpa, cic. Wlcn in malablab unlimiicd dillcicni moods and
cmoiions ialc ilcii biiil, wlcn in cvcn ilc gailands ol loicsi llowcis ilcic is
lound jcalousy, in ilc uniouclablcs lilc ilc Pulindas ilcic is lound piidc and ilc
loiiunaic posiiion ol cvcn ilc malaii ciccpci wlo is in union wiil ilc iamal iicc is
bcing dcsciibcd, ilai manabnab ilcn bccomcs lnown as maan. Tlis is supciioi io
all; ilai is, ii is ilc iopmosi pinnaclc ol lovc and allcciion, cqual io oi abovc wlicl
noiling clsc is io bc lound. Tlis is io bc lound only in Radla, nowlcic clsc.
Now ilc slclici and suppoii ol ilcsc vaiious cmoiions (blab) is io bc ascciiaincd.
In Kubja, wlo posscsscs sadlaiani iaii, ilc limii ol prcm is picscni. In ilc quccns
ol Dvaiala, wlo posscss samanjasa iaii, ilc limiis ol anurag aic io bc lound.
Tlcicin Saiyablama and Lalsana coiicspond io Siimaii Radlaiani. Rulmini and
ilc oilci quccns aic ilc coiicsponding icpicscniaiivcs ol Candiavali. Tlc
piogicssion ol ilc lovc loi Kisna ol ilc prya narma sahnas (cowlcid boys ol
liaja) is up io anurag. Tlc gopis ol liaja (Prajasunor gon) wlo posscss samaiila
iaii, posscss a dccpci lovc ol Slyamsundoi, wlicl is up io ilc limii ol manabnab.
Amongsi Subal and somc ol ilc oilci cowlcid boys, ilc limiis ol ilcii lovc can bc
lound io also cxicnd up io manabnab. Howcvci, anrurna manabnavb is only
lound io bc picscni in Sii Radla's camp, noi wiilin any oilci paiiy gioup. Tlcn
monan is only io bc lound in Sii Radla, Laliia, Visalla and ilcii lollowcis. And
linally, maan is cxisicni only in Sii Radla.
Silayi blab is ol iwo vaiiciics, dillcicniiaicd accoiding io scpaiaiion and union.
Scpaiaiion (vpraIambna) las loui divisions: purbarag, man, prcmvacttya and
prabas. lcloic ilcic is aciual plysical union, wlcn onc's aiiaclmcni is
claiaciciizcd by ovci anxiousncss and impaiicncc ilcn ilai is callcd purba rag.
Iiom ilis, dillcicni condiiions oi ciicumsianccs cmcigc: IaIasa (longing), ubcg
(anxiciy), jagamon (slccplcssncss), hrsata (wcalncss), jarata (lcilaigy), byagrata
(cagcincss), byan (discasc), unma (madncss), mona (lainiing) and mrtyu
(dcail). Man is ol iwo iypcs: sanctuh and nrnctuh. Nrnctuh is allcviaicd and
miiigaicd on iis own. Sanctuh is abaicd by sam (conciliaioiy spccclcs), bnc
(scpaiaiion), hrya, an (picscniing gilis), nat (bow, saluiaiion, obcisanccs),
upchsa (ncglcci) and rasantor (suddcnly bccoming lcailul / ic. ilai Kisna may go
away, cic.). Spcaling swcci woids is callcd sam, slowing onc's own opulcnccs
wlilc pioclaiming ilc lcioinc's woiillcssncss is callcd bnc, dcmonsiiaiing somc
lcai iliougl ilc conlidanis is callcd hrya; picscniing cloil and llowci gailands is
callcd an; ollciing obcisanccs is callcd nat; cxlibiiing indillcicncc and cmpaily is
callcd upchsa. Pasantor mcans pioposing ilc luiuic bcsiowal ol somc lcai oi oilci
iypc ol sullciing (ilicais). Tlc sign(s) ilai man las bccn pacilicd aic icais,
smiling, cic.
Now prcm vacttya is bcing dcsciibcd.
Tlis occuis wlcn, cvcn ilougl Kisna is ncaiby, duc io cxccssivc anurag
(aiiaclmcni), onc ilinls ilai Hc is noi ilcic, ilcn ilis scpaiaiion is callcd prcm
vacttya.
Tlcic aic iwo iypcs ol pravas (sojouin) - hncur nstna and suur nstna. Wlcn
Kisna ialcs ilc cows oui inio ilc pasiuic ilai is callcd hncur nstna. Wlcn Hc
gocs io Mailuia, lowcvci, ilai is callcd suurnstna. In ilis insiancc ilc picviously
mcniioncd icn condiiions bccomc vciy picdominanily manilcsi.
Sambnog (cnjoymcni in union) is also ol loui linds. Tlc union wlicl ialcs placc
alici puivaiag, in wlicl ilc lips aic biuiscd wiil ilc nails, cic., bccausc ii is
sloiicncd, abiidgcd oi abbicviaicd is callcd sanhpta (condcnscd) sambnog. Tlc
union wlicl ialcs placc alici man, bccausc ii is mixcd wiil woids ol jcalousy,
cnvy and angci, is callcd sanhrna (limiicd). Tlc union ilai ialcs placc alici Kisna
iciuins liom ilc pasiuics wiil ilc cows, bccausc ii is iangiblc, is callcd sampurna
(complcic). Tlai union ilai ialcs placc alici Kisna iciuins liom alai, bccausc ii is
accomplislcd vciy appaicnily is callcd samrnman (iliiving, llouiisling).
Sccing, ioucling, spcaling, blocling ilc pail, playing in ilc loicsi, playing in ilc
waici, sicaling ilc lluic, pasiimcs in a boai, playing lidc and sccl, diinling loncy,
cic. aic jusi somc ol ilc unlimiicd vaiiciics ol sambnog (cnjoymcni in union).
Ioi ilosc wlo lavc noi siudicd giammai, yci siill aic dcvoicd io woislipping and
sciving ilc loius lcci ol Sii Haii, may ilis LjjvaI NIaman Kran slow ilcm ilc
pail.