A SEMINAR FILE ON

THE GREAT ASSET OF INDIA IS POPULATION

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SD INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY

Demographics of India

Population of India, 1961-2003 Population: 1,210,193,422 (2011 est.) (2nd) Growth rate: 1.41% (2009 est.) (93rd) Birth rate: 22.22 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate: 6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est.) Life expectancy: male: female: 69.89 years (2009 est.)

67.46 years (2009 est.) 72.61 years (2009 est.) 2.68 children born/woman (2010 est.) (82nd) 30.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

Fertility rate:

Infant mortality rate: Age structure:

0-14 years: 31.1% (male 190,075,426/female 172,799,553) (2009 est.) 15-64 years: 63.6% (male 381,446,079/female 359,802,209) (2009 est.) 65-over: Sex ratio: At birth: Under 15: 1.12 male(s)/female (2009 est.) 1.10 male(s)/female (2009 est.) 5.3% (male 29,364,920/female 32,591,030) (2009 est.)

15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female (2009 est.) 65-over: Nationality: Major ethnic: See Ethnic Groups of India 0.90 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Language: Official: See Languages of India

The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21 billion people (2011 census), more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing China, its population reaching 1.6 billion by 2050.[1][2] Its population growth rate is 1.41%, ranking 93rd in the world. India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% hovers below the age of 35. It is expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India's dependency ratio should be just over 0.4.[3] India has more than two thousand ethnic groups, and every major religion is represented, as are four major families of languages (Indo-European, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman languages) as well as two language isolates (the Nihali language[4] spoken in parts of Maharashtra and the Burushaski language spoken in parts of Jammu and Kashmir). Further complexity is lent by the great variation that occurs across this population on social parameters such as income and education. Only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.

Salient features India occupies 2.4% of the world's land area and supports over 17.5% of the world's population. India has more arable land area than any country except the United States,[6] and more water area than any country except Russia, Canada and the United States. Indian life revolves mostly around agriculture and allied activities in small villages, where the overwhelming majority of Indians live. As per the 2001 census, 72.2% of the population[7] lives in about 638,000 villages[8] and the remaining 27.8%[7] lives in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.[9]

Where does India stand today globally?

Districts in India: Census 2011State/UT Code India/State/UT No. of districts in 2001 No. of Districts in 2011 No. of Districts without any geographical change 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Jammu & Kashmir Himachal Pradesh Punjab Chandigarh Uttarakhand Haryana NCT of Delhi Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Bihar Sikkim Arunachal Pradesh Nagaland Manipur Mizoram Tripura Meghalaya Assam West Bengal Jharkhand Orissa 32 70 37 4 13 8 9 8 4 7 23 18 18 30 14 12 17 1 13 19 9 33 71 38 4 16 11 9 8 4 7 27 19 24 30 22 12 20 1 13 21 9 18 47 34 4 10 4 9 4 2 4 15 17 9 26 5 12 8 1 11 17 9

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Chattisgarh Madhya Pradesh Gujarat Daman & Diu Dadra & Nagar Haveli Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Karnataka Goa Lakshadweep Kerala Tamil Nadu Puducherry 35

16 45 25 2 1 35 23 27 2 1 14 30 4

18 50 26 2 1 31 23 30 2 1 14 32 4 3 593 640

14 36 20 2 1

23 24 2 1 14 25 4 1 464

Andaman & Nicobar Islands 2

INDIA

Religious demographics India contains the majority of the world's Zoroastrians (even ahead of Iran), Sikhs, Hindus, Jains and Bah's. India is also home to the third-largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia and Pakistan. Religious majorities vary greatly by state. The majority of states have a Hindu majority. However, Jammu and Kashmir and Lakshadweep are Muslim majority states; Nagaland, Mizoram and Meghalaya are Christian majority; Punjab is majority Sikh; Sikkim and Ladakh are Buddhist majority areas[citation needed]

The table below summarises the findings of the 2001 census with regard to religion in India: All figures in %. Others including Bah's, Jews, and Parsis. Tribal Animists (and non religious) are grouped under Others after 1926 (1931 census onwards)

N.B. Table excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of Senapati District of Manipur state.

* The data is "unadjusted" (without excluding Assam and Indian-administered Kashmir); 1981 census was not conducted in Assam and 1991 census was not conducted in Jammu and Kashmir. No. of females/1000 males. India's 2011 census shows a serious decline in the number of girls under the age of seven - activists fear eight million female foetuses may have been aborted between 2001 and 2011.[25]

Population within the age group of 0-6: Census 2011State/UT Code India/State/UT Persons Males 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Jammu & Kashmir Himachal Pradesh Punjab Chandigarh Uttarakhand Haryana NCT of Delhi Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Bihar Sikkim Arunachal Pradesh Nagaland Manipur Mizoram 20,08,642 7,63,864 29,41,570 1,17,953 13,28,844 32,97,724 19,70,510 1,05,04,916 2,97,28,235 1,85,82,229 61,077 2,02,759 2,85,981 3,53,237 1,65,536 10,80,662 4,00,681 15,93,262 63,187 7,04,769 18,02,047 10,55,735 55,80,212 1,56,53,175 96,15,280 31,418 1,03,430 1,47,111 1,82,684 83,965

Females 9,27,980 3,63,183 13,48,308 54,766 6,24,075 14,95,677 9,14,775 49,24,704 1,40,75,060 89,66,949 29,659 99,329 1,38,870 1,70,553 81,571

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Tripura Meghalaya Assam West Bengal Jharkhand Orissa Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh Gujarat Daman & Diu Dadra & Nagar Haveli Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Karnataka Goa Lakshadweep Kerala Tamil Nadu Puducherry

4,44,055 5,55,822 45,11,307 1,01,12,599 52,37,582 50,35,650 35,84,028 1,05,48,295 74,94,176 25,880 49,196 1,28,48,375 86,42,686 68,55,801 1,39,495 7,088 33,22,247 68,94,821 1,27,610 39,497

2,27,354 2,82,189 23,05,088 51,87,264 26,95,921 26,03,208 18,24,987 55,16,957 39,74,286 13,556 25,575 68,22,262 44,48,330 35,27,844 72,669 3,715 16,95,935 35,42,351 64,932 20,094 8,29,52,135

2,16,701 2,73,633 22,06,219 49,25,335 25,41,661 24,32,442 17,59,041 50,31,338 35,19,890 12,324 23,621 60,26,113 41,94,356 33,27,957 66,826 3,373 16,26,312 33,52,470 62,678 19,403 7,58,37,152

Andaman & Nicobar Islands INDIA

15,87,89,287

Linguistic demographics 43% of the Hindus speak Hindi while the rest speak Assamese, Bangla, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Punjabi and other languages. Almost 45% of the Muslims speak Urdu while the rest speak Assamese, Bangla, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and other languages. About onethird of the Christians speak Malayalam, one-sixth speak Tamil while the rest speak a variety of languages. In total, there are 1,652 languages and dialects spoken in India

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. Chart showing the Total Fertility Rate of Indian states (SRS survey 1996-98)[30]

Total Population 1,166,079,217 (July 2009 est. CIA)[31] 1,028.7 million (2001 Census final figures, March 1 enumeration and estimated 124,000 in areas of Manipur that could not be covered in the enumeration)

.Rural Population 72.2%, male: 381,668,992, female: 360,948,755 (2001 Census) Age structure 014 years: 30.8%, male: 188,208,196, female: 171,356,024 1564 years: 64.3%, male: 386,432,921, female: 364,215,759 65+ years: 4.9%, male: 27,258,259, female: 30,031,289 (2007 est.)

Median age 25.1 years Population growth rate 1.548% (2009 est.) Birth rate 21.76 births/1,000 population (2009 est.) Death rate 6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Literacy rate 71.7% (Age 7 & above) [24] Percent of the population under the poverty line 22% (2006 est.) Unemployment Rate 7.8% Net migration rate 0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) Sex ratio at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female under 10 years: 1.14 male(s)/female 1524 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 2464 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.908 male(s)/female

total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Infant mortality rate total: 30.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.) male: 34.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.17 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth total population: 69.89 years male: 67.46 years female: 72.61 years (2007 est.)

Total fertility rate 2.72 children born/woman (2009 est.), although more up to date statistics indicate that India's TFR was 2.6 in 2008 [32] The TFR (Total number of children born per women) according to Religion in 2001 was :

Hindus 2.0 Muslims 2.4 Sikhs 2.1 Christians 2.1 Buddhists 2.1 Jains 1.4 Animists and Others 2.99 Tribals 3.16 Scheduled Castes 2.89[citation needed]

Religions Hindu 80.5% Muslim 13.4% Christian 2.3% Sikh 1.8% Buddhists 0.8% Jains 0.4% others 0.7% unspecified 0.1% (2001 Census) [33][34][35][36]

Scheduled Castes and Tribes Scheduled Castes: 16.2% (2001 Census) Scheduled Tribes: 8.2% (2001 Census) Languages: See Languages of India and List of Indian languages by total speakers. There are 216 languages with more than 10,000 native speakers in India. The largest of these is Hindi with some 337 million (the second largest being Bangla with some 207 million). 22 languages are recognized as official languages. In India, there are 1,652 languages and dialects in total