Trigeminal NerveSensory Components Trigeminal NerveSensory Components

Modality Nerve Associated Parasympathetic Sensory Region Served Branch(es) Ganglion/Nerve Ophthalmic (V1) Division of Trigeminal Nerve Lacrimal Zygomaticotemporal of V2, Lacrimal gland, adjacent delivers post. para. from conjunctiva, lateralaspect pterygopalatine ganglion of skin of upper eyelid (VII) for lacrimal gland (GVE) Frontal Supratrochlear Conjunctiva and skin of the medial portion of the eye and skin over the forehead Supraorbital Filament to frontal sinus, upper eyelid, forehead, and scalp Ciliary ganglion (III) & Nasociliary possibly post. sym. from carotid plexus (GVE) (Postganglionic sympathetic to dilatator pupillae) Long ciliary Orb, cornea Posterior P.E. foramen ethmoidal ethmoidal, sphenoidal, frontal sinuses Anterior A.E. foramen ethmoidal ethmoidal, sphenoidal, frontal sinuses Internal nasal Mucous membranes External nasal Ala and globus of nose Infratrochlear Conjunctiva, eyelid, caruncula, lacrimal sac, side of nose Maxillary (V2) Division of Trigeminal Nerve Pterygopalatine ganglion Zygomatic (VII) delivers post. para. secretomotor fibers to zyygomatico-temporal nerve for distribution to lacrimal nerve to lacrimal gland (GVE) Zygomaticofacial Skin of the cheek Zygomaticotempo Delivers secretomotor fibers Skin of temporal region ral to lacrimal nerve for lacrimal gland Pterygopalatine These nerves serve as a functional connection to the pterygopalatine ganglion permitting passage of post. para.

GSA

GSA

Orbital Greater palatine

Lesser palatine

Posterior superior nasal branches

Nasopalatine

Pharyngeal br.

Posterior superior alveolara

Infraorbital

Middle superior alveolara

to zygomatic nerve and sensory fibers from maxillary through ganglion to become other named branches of the maxillary nerve Periorbita, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses Pterygopalatine ganglion Adjacent soft palate, hard (VII) delivers post. para. palate, gingiva, mucous secretomotor fibers to glands membranes anteriorly to of the nasal cavity, pharynx, incisor teeth and palate (GVE) (communismall cates with nasopalatine) Delivers secretomotor fibers Soft palate, tonsil, and to glands of soft palate uvula. (Many of the afferents were communicated from facial nerve) Delivers secretomotor fibers Nasal cavity supplying to glands of nasal cavity mucous memb. of sup. and middle conchae, median nasal septum and ethmoid sinus. Major trunk is nasopalatine Delivers secretomotor fibers Between septum and to glands of nasal cavity mucous memb. to incisive canal. Serves anterior palate as far laterally as cuspid. (Communicates with greater palatine nerve) Delivers secretomotor fibers Enters pharyngeal canal. to glands of nasopharynx and Serves m. memb. and spheniod sinus nasopharynx to auditory tube Sometimes branched. Passes over max. tuberosity to serve m. memb. of cheek and adjacent gingiva. Enters P.S.A.F to distribute to max. sinus and to roots of 3 max. molars (except mesial buccal root of 1st molar) This nerve is a continuation of the maxillary nerve into the floor of the orbit via the inferior orbital fissure and exiting the skull at the infraorbital foramen Lateral wall of max.sinus, enters mesial buccal root of 1st molar and all roots

GSA

of premolars Anterior superior Anterior max. sinus, and a alveolar roots of anterior teeth, and twigs to floor of nasal cavity serving inferior meatus, and adjacent m. membrane Inferior palpebral Skin and conjunctiva of brs. the lower eyelid External nasal brs Skin about the lateral aspect of the nose Superior labial brs Skin and mucous memb. of the upper lip Mandibular (V3) Division of Trigeminal Nerve Sensory root Sensory and motor roots join outside the skull (F. ovale) to form a mixed nerve. Some branches are sensory, some motor, whereas some are mixed From trunk Dura and mastoid air cells

Recurrent meningeal From anterior division Buccal

Articular br. to TMJ From: masseteric nerveb From posterior division Lingual

Skin of cheek over buccinator muscle passes through buccinator muscle to serve buccal mucosa and adjacent gingiva. (May communi cate with facial nerve for distribution purposes) TMJ Anterior 2/3 of tongue with GSA and delivers SVA (taste) from facial nerve to taste buds in anterior 2/3 of tongue. Post.para from submandibular ganglion pass directly to submandibular gland. Those destined for sublingual gland and other minor glands reenter the lingual and get distributed to the glands.

Joined by chorda tympani (VII) delivering taste fibers (SVA) to ant. 2/3 of tongue, and pre. para to submandibular ganglion (VII) delivers post.para from ganglion to sublingual and minor salivary glands of the floor of the mouth (GVE)

Mandibular teeth and supporting tissues via a dental plexus, two terminalsmain trunk continues to incisor teeth, other terminal is mental nerve Mental Skin of chin, lower lip including mucous membrane Auriculotemporal Otic ganglion (IX) Distribute superficial communicates post. para temporal nerves over skin fibers for distribution to the of temple. Articular brs. parotid gland (GVE) to TMJ secretomotor fibers from otic ganglion to parotid gland GSA indicates general somatic afferent; GVE, general visceral efferent; TMJ, Inferior alveolar

temporomandibular joint.
a

Posterior, middle, and anterior superior alveolar nerves communicate, forming a dental plexus before innervating the teeth.
b

The masseteric nerve from the anterior division is a mixed nerve. Its sensory fibers are the articular branches to the TMJ.

Trigeminal NerveMotor Components Trigeminal NerveMotor Components

Division of Trigeminal Nerve Mandibular (V3) Modality Nerve Branch Motor to Muscles

Sensory and motor roots of the trigeminal nerve exit the foramen ovale and then join to form the trunk of the nerve, which then divides into anterior and posterior divisions. Some nerves are sensory, some motor, and some mixed. Only motor components are presented. From Trunk Medial pterygoid Nerve to medial pterygoid Nerve to tensor tympani Tensor tympani Nerve to tensor veli palatini Tensor veli palatini From Anterior Division Temporalis Deep temporal nerves (anterior and posterior) Lateral pterygoid Lateral pterygoid nerve Masseter Masseteric nerve From Posterior Division Mylohyoid Mylohyoid nerve Nerve to anterior digastric Anterior diagastric SVE indicates special visceral efferent.

SVE