AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

1-1865 186

Alex Kwon US - D 11/08/11

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Readying for the War
Resources...................................................3 Preparation................................................4

Commanders & Conicts

Leaders.......................................................5 The 7 Days ................................................6 Battle of Antietam...................................7 Battle of Fredericksburg.........................8 Minority Groups........................................9

Americans During the Civil War

Camp Life..........................................10-11 Life on the Home Front........................12

The Aftermaths of the War

Effects................................................ ....13 Reconstruction......................................14

Bibliography...........................................

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READYING FO

R THE WAR

RESOURCES
CONFEDERACY
better generals higher motivation European countries stronger military traditions

UNION
bigger population more factories more fighting power better transportation better food production

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PREPARATION

Emancipation Proclamation
When the Emancipation Proclamation was issued, both armies recruited ex-slaves. This allowed each armies to have a larger army and have more people to serve.

nt te Equipme Confedera hat at sack co le trousers military-sty n shirt commo ots work bo e box cartridg ck knapsa ag ration b canteen ess m soldiers

Union E quip forage c ment a fatigue p blouse wool tro u army sh sers irt boots cartridg e box an d sling knapsa ck haversa ck canteen

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PGT Beauregard

Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard First prominent general of the Confederate States Army. Trained as civil engineer at US Military Academy. Commanded: Fort Sumter Defensive forts in Charleston Battle of Shiloh, Tennessee Siege of Corinth

LEADE RS

Greatest achievement: Saved Petersburg, VA, an important industrial city which led to saving Richmond from assaults.

John C. Pemberton
Entered West Point in 1833, graduating 4 years later Fought in the Mexican War Known for his defeat and surrender at the Siege of Vicksburg Born a Northerner, had two brothers who fought for the Union, yet chose to ght for the confederates. Resigned due to the inuence of his background, married to a Virginian wife. Ordered to defend a fortress city called Vicksburg, Mississippi, which he later surrendered. Commanded the artillery of defenses of Richmond. Uncle of John Pemberton, who later invented Coca-Cola

Henry Wirz
Born in Switzerland Practiced medicine Was a prison guard at Richmond Took part in Battle of the Seven Pines Commanded Camp Sumter for a year, soon after it was established. Trialed and sentenced to death after found guilty of conspiracy with murder and war crime. Hanged in the US Capitol Wirzs trial comes out in the 1970 lm The Anderson Trial.

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YS BATTLE THE 7 DA

Richmond, Virginia
Confederate General Robert E. Lee VS Union General George B. McClellan. The Army of North Virginia VS

CONFEDERACY 20,200 casualties

UNION 15,900 casualties

June 25 - July 1 1862 A series of 6 major battles Union army attacks at the Battle of Oak Grove. Lee began a series of attacks at Beaver Dam Creek, Gainess Mill, Garnetts and Goldings Farm, Savage Station. McClellans army continued retreating to James river. Battle of Glendale, Lee had a good chance to victory but let the Union escape, which later allowed them to cause heavy casualties to the Confederacy McClellans army was safe in James River CONFEDERATE VICTORY

Confederate Robert E. Lee

Union George B. McClellan

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Sharpsburg, Maryland
Confederate General Robert E. Lee VS Union General George B. McClellan. The Army of North Virginia VS The Army of Potomac.

BATTLE OF ANTIETAM

CONFEDERACY 10,300 casualties

UNION 12,400 casualties

Fought on September 17, 1862 First major battle fought on the Northern Territory Bloodiest single-day battle in American history McClellan pursued Lee into Maryland, attacking Lee;s army in defensive positions behind Antietam Creek. McClellans plan were poor and lacked concentration, which caused his army to be completely destroyed Losses were heavy for both sides. More Americans died on this day than any other day in the history of the national military. UNION VICTORY

Confederate Robert E. Lee

Union George B. McClellan

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BATTLE OF DERICKSBURG FRE

Fredericksburg, Virginia
Confederate Robert E. Lee VS Union Ambrose E. Burnside The Army of North Virginia VS The Army of Potomac.

December 11- 15 1862 The most one-sided battles of the American Civil War. Burnsides plan: Cross the Rappahannock River and get to Richmond before Lees army could prevent him. Bureaucratic delays hindered Burnside, allowing Lee to block the crossings. Union armies attacked Confederate armies on a well-built ridge called Maryes Heights Union ended up with heavy losses from several assaults. CONFEDERATE VICTORY.

CONFEDERACY 5,400 casualties

UNION 12,700 casualties

Confederate Robert E. Lee

Ambrose E. Burnside
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RITY INO M UPS GRO

African Americans
played an important role in the struggle to end slavery served in the military, as soldiers or took away action from the battlefield. offered freedom if they fought in the army and survived.

Women
replaced men on farms and in city jobs, obtaining government jobs for the first time. worked mostly as clerks, copying ledgers and letters by hand. worked as war nurses, serving in hospitals and taking care of the wounded soldiers.

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AMERICANS DURING THE CIVIL WAR

CAMP LIFE
Many soldiers didnt ght with shoes on, but some took the shoes of the dead Union troops. Garbage disposal and Confederate soldiers had to latrines were almost unknown. search for weapons and ammo. The badly wounded were Many Confederates had to taken care at eld hospitals. sleep outside with no shelter, but just a blanket. Confederate camps had less Uniforms were grey for the than the Union camps. confederacy Poor conditions to live in Bad diet Lack of medical care

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Seal of the Confederate States of America Active during 1861-1865

CONSCRIPTION
Both armies relied on volunteers, but heavy casualties and widespread desertions led to conscription: the drafting of citizens for military service.

Confederacy
Drafted all able-bodied white men between the ages of 18 and 35.

Union
Drafted white men between 20 and 45 for 3 years, allowed draftees to hire substitutes, or paying $300 fee to avoid conscription.

1,050,000 Total of Serving Soldiers 74,524 Battle Deaths 59,297 Other Deaths About 30,000 died in Union prisons 174,223 surrendered to the Union Army at the end of the war

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LIFE ON THE HOME FRONT

Women for the first time. ined government jobs and in city jobs. They obta ms had to replace men on far
The war turned families against each other because even within families, there were arguments and different beliefs. One famous case would be General Robert E. Lee, who fought for the Confederates, yet had brothers who fought for the Union and had a Virginian wife. This means that he fought against his own family members.

The scarcity o f food, water, and clothes m people scaven ade ge. They loote d dead bodie s and fought again st one anothe r for their ow n survival.

es taken away from their land and hom s had hing ed near battle field d would lose everyt People who liv d to the ground an ze a fields would be ra them. Their farms for. they have worked
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ECTS EFF
GAINS

AFTERMATH
LANDSCAPE ttles were fought on The majority a the ba h , thus they were muc the Southern territory s. destroyed and in ruin

they lost the war, so uth, of course, The So only benets. They ot gain much did n . with the North regained peace tives in the no representa fore, they had ith Be construction w through the re the Senate, but n positions in , they will regai the North government

LOSSES

d, which g they owne st everythin Their The South lo om the war. destroyed fr an were mostly and the Afric y the North k en b . lands were ta ere liberated ey owned w ves th the American sla nation were r the whole lost fo The biggest eaths. number of d
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ONSTRUCTION REC
Reconstruction is the period of rebuilding that followed the Civi l War, during which the defeated Confederate states were readmitte d to the union.

Benefits f rom the reconstr uction wa s the restoratio n of the nation in to a peac eful, single co untry. Ne w amendme nts were made in as par ts of reconstr uction, w hich finally se ttled the laws.

Reconstruction took place in America for the sake of the civilians. It was for the purpose of restoring the nat ion back into pieces and repair the damages, both physical and govern mental issues. The main problem of the reconstruction was the South, wh ich was absolutely devastated
The North and South , of cours still had e, argumen ts and disagreem ents. A way the y could b oth be benefited was near ly imposs to find. ible Only a sin gle unifie d governme nt would be tolera by both s ted ides.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY & CITATIONS

"Confederate Camps." American History and World History at Historycentral.com. Historycentral.com. Web. <http://www.historycentral.com/CivilWar/AMERICA/ Confederate.html> Civil War Soldier's Equipment - YouTube. Civil War Soldier's Equipment. Youtube, 19 June 2011. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=IiFWqvCW73c> "Seven Days Battles." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Web. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Seven_Days_Battles> "Battle of Antietam." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Web. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Battle_of_Antietam> "Battle of Fredericksburg." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Web. <http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg> "P. G. T. Beauregard." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Web. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ P._G._T._Beauregard> "John C. Pemberton." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Web. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_C._Pemberton> "Henry Wirz." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Web. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Henry_Wirz> "Confederate States Army." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Web. <http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Confederate_States_Army> Pictures and photos from Google Images
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