BIAKAM THAR HRILHFIAH NING

(Tools for New Testament Exegesis)

Biakam Thar hrilhfiahnak biafang lak ah hin, dothlat kherhlai hrilhfiah ti mi a huap dihtu
hi Mirang holh in Exegesis an ti i Greek holh in ccooi in a ra mi biafang asi. Hihi mah duh in
sermon sawhsawh le duhnak hmun lawng lak i, mah duh nak kheng kho ding in, i kuaih khi si lo
in catial tu nih, ca reltu caah, a tinh mi kha dothlat piak i, cu ningte in hei fainter hnu ah nihin
nunnak he cuaichunh le thazang lak nak ah hman (to lead out of or reading out) mi deuh lei khi a
sawh.
1
Inn pakhat chung asi lo ah inn khan chung hna i luh kan duh tik ah zei tawh paoh in hun
khawh asi lo i a mah le a tawh fung te in hun hmasa a herh bantuk in can tampi chung ah ca tial tu
tampi(Minung 40 ringlo) nih tinh mi ngeih cio in an tial mi Bible hi inn nganpi chung, inn khan
bantuk an si ve i an mah le an tawhfung cio in hun le hrilhfiah a herh mi, a hau mi an si ve.
A tlangpi in Bible hrilhfiah ning hi phun hnih a um. 1).Bible Ca Uk le Lehmi zoh in
hrilhfiahnak (Textual Criticism or Lower Criticism) le, 2). Asang deuh in zohpiak nak (Higher
Criticism) ti in an um. Mah ka zawn ah hin a pahnih nak tang ah hin phun tampi a um rih i cucu
bia pi deuh in kan zoh lai.
1. Bible Ca auk le Lehmi Cuaichunh in Fianhternak
(Textual Criticism)

Hi fianter nak nih hin, Bible a hrilhfiah tik ah Bible lehmi (version) pakhat lawng si lo in
lehmi (version) tampi aa tlaih chih, a zohchih, pakhat le pakhat a tuktonh, cun an tial nak holh
hram, Greek le Hebrew(Original Language) kha asi khwah chung in zoh piak aa zuam peng.
Tahchunnak: Biakam thar aa thawh nak Matthai thawngtha kan rel le cangka Mtt.1:22 ah , Profet
ka in Ngaknu thiang (a virgin) nih fa apawi lai, ati mi a tlinnak asi ,ati. Hikh zawn i Cathiang
tiah a ti mi hi Isaiah 7:14 chung kha asi i , Isaiah 7:14 kan rel tik ah King James Version (KJV)
nih cun Virgin
2
(Ngahnu thiang) a hman taktak. Na in Revised Standard Version (RSV) nih cun
A young woman ti mi a hman , asi ah cun a zei dah a hman deuh lai ti kha zohpiak a herh
cang.
Hebrew holh um tu ning ah cun, Alma
3
ti a hman i Bethula
4
ti mi biafang a hmang lo.
Cu caah Virgin ti mi biafang he aa pehthlaih bak lo mi asi. Cu caah a si men lai cu, Kan Lai Bible
hna ah cun, Fa a pwai lio mi nu nih ti in a leh , kan Bible hi mu, a si kun ah cun a zei dah
Matthai nih hin Virgin ti mi biafang hi a hman kan ti tik ah aa thek mi ,Bible an rak tial hmasa nak
,Hebrew holh a thiam ti lo mi, Greek holh a hmang cang mi Judah mi caah ti in BCE 300 hrawng
ah Alexandria khua ah Hebrew Bible kha Greek holh in an rak leh i a min ah Septuagnt or LXX

1
John H.Hays & Carl R. Holladars, Biblical Exegesis, 5ff.
2
Hika zawn I virgin ti mi hi, nu pa sinak a theih rih lo mi lei khi asawh deuh mi asi.
3
Alma ti mi cu Mirang holh in young lady ti asi I kan Lai holh in cun va angei kho cang mi nu ca I
hman mi biafang asi .
4
Bethula ti mi cu ,Ngaknu thiang ti nak si.
5
tiah min an rak sak mi, ni hin ni tiang hman mi version asi. Cu chungah cun,Amla ti mi biafang
,va a ngei kho cang mi nu, ti mi kha, Greek holh totqovoo (virgin) in a lehpaiak caah Matthai
nih,cucu aa cherchan kho men tiah Bible thiamsang, a cheu nih an zumh. Cu bantuk zoh piak nak
cu Textual Criticism kan ti mi cu asi.
Cun, hi nih hin Bible an leh cang mi lawng zoh si lo in, Bible an leh hlan i, kut in an
rak tial mi (Manuscripts) tampi a um mi zong kha a zoh paik chih.Kut in an rak tial hmasa
mi Holh cu Hebrew le Greek holh asi i, mah zong cu pakhat le pakhat an i dang cio ve. A
cheu khat ah cun a sua deuh in an tial i, a cheukhat ah cun a tawideuh in an tial. Cu caah, a
sau deuh in tial mi cu an chapmi asi caah, aning (origin) asi deuh lo an ti. A si na in cu ti in
cun tah khawh dih asi ve lo, tahchunnak ah, kan uar ngai cio mi John 7:53-8:11 karlak i, a
um mi, a sual lio ah an tlaih mi i, lung in thi lakcheh an tinh mi nu tuanbia hoi hna khi an tial
nak holh (original text) a tam deuh ah cun a um hrimhrim a um lo. Cun, tlawmpal nih an telh
na in John thawngtha a dih hnu ah (21:25 hnu) a chia na, Luke thawngtha 21:28 hnu ah a chia
na an si.
Aw ! cu bantuk Lehmi Versions, an tial nak (Original Languages) le Bible Ca uk i, an
nam (Canon an tuah hlan) i, kut in tial mi(Manuscripts) pawl thate in hlathlai i Bible
hrilhfiahning cu Textual Criticism (Bible ca uk zoh in Fianhternak) kan ti mi cu a si.
Pakhat hnu pakhat in fianhter kan i zuam lai i, atang lei bantuk in kan fianhte lai.. pakhat hnu
pakhat in..
2. Biakam Thar Vawlei Tuanbia zoh in fianhternak (Historical Criticism)
a. Ca tialtu Tinhmi le Cherhchan zoh piaknak (Literary/ Source Criticism)
b. Biakam Thar Chan Nunphung zohpiak nak (Form Criticsim)
c. Ca tialtu Zuh mi le Chap mi zohpiak nak (Redaction Criticsim)
3. Biatamhning zoh in fianhternak (Rhetorical Criticism)
4. Mibu karlak thilumtunign zoh in fianhternak (Social-Scientific Criticism)
5.Biatlang kawmh nak , ti in, duh sahte in fianh khawh kan i zuam lai i, hi pawl hi, a ho kan
ca ah ,kan Bible kan rel tik ah, a herhtuk mi asi i, kan ca ah a sullam an ngei lai tiah zumhnak
ka ngei , aruang cu nihin kan Bible, hrilhfiah ning hi, mah duh in a hrilhfiah mi kan tam tuk
cang i, hi pawl hi bawmtu asi lai tiah ka ruah ca ah,kan senthang group ah ka rak chuah pi mi
asi.
A peh kan hngak cio lai,



5
LXX ti mi cu, Latin car el nak in sawmsarih 70 asi I , minung 70 nih an leh caah asi kho men tiah an
zumh.