JENIS JENIS TENSES

1. SIMPLE PAST TENSE Rumus : S + V2 + Obj ( Subject : I, You, We, They, He, She, It ) Sentences ( + ) I ate some apples three days ago in my garden . ( - ) I did not eat some apples three days ago in my garden . ( ? ) Did I eat some apples three days ago in my garden ? Information Question 1. Who ate some apples three days ago ? 2. When did you eat some apples ? 3. Where did you eat some apples in your garden ? 4. What did you do three days ago ? To Used : Menerangkan perbuatan yang terjadi di waktu lampau dalam bentuk sederhana pada waktu tertentu bersifat sementara Menunjukkan kebiasaan pada waktu lampau Auxiliary - Yesterday - last week - last month - last year - an our go - the other day - a few minutes ago - the day before - this morning - when 2. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus : S + had been + Ving + Obj (Subject : I, You, We, They, He, She, It) Sentences (+) Temi had been walking for two hours when Temi met you . (-) Temi had not been walking for two hours when Temi met you . (?) Had Temi been walking for two hours when Temi met you ? Information Question 1. Who had been walking for two hours when hemet you ? 2. What had Temi been doing when Temi met you ? To Used Menyatakan perbuatan yg sudah mulai sejak dahulu & dilanjutkan hingga saat tertentu / baru saja berakhir. Semuanya di waktu lampau.

3. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus : S + Was + Ving+ Obj ( Subject : I, It, She, He ) S + Were + Ving+ Obj ( Subject : You, We, They ) Sentences ( + ) I was buying some fruits in supermarket at seven o`clock last Friday . ( - ) I was not buying some fruits in supermarket at seven o`clock last Friday ( ? ) Was I buying some fruits in supermarket at seven o`clock last Friday . Information Question 1. Who was buying some fruits in supermarket at seven o`clock last Friday ? 2. When was I buying some fruits in supermarket ? 3. Where was I buying some fruits at seven o`clock last Friday ? To used : Menunjukkan perbuatan yang sedang terjadi di masa lampau Menunjukkan perbuatan yang sudah dimulai dan masih berlangsung ketika perbuatan lain menyusul di waktu lampau Digunakan juga dlm tenses/dikombinasikan dlm tenses yang berbeda yaitu simple past, bila ada kejadian yang lama disusul kejadian singkat Auxiliary - When - at three o`clock last Sunday - That - from three to six yesterday - While - all day last Tuesday - As - the whole day yesterday 4 . PAST PERFECT TENSE Rumus : S + had + V3 + Obj ( Subject : I, You, We, They, He, She, It ) Sentences (+) Dina had waited the bus before he came to his house. (-) Dina had not waited the bus before he came to his house. (?) Had Dina waited the bus before he came to his house ? Information Question 1. Who had waited the bus before he came to his house ? 2. What had Dina waited ? To Used : Peristiwa sudah terjadi dimasa lampau sebelum peristiwa yg lain terjadi. Jadi menerangkan dua peristiea yg mana yg lebih dulu terjadi . Adverbs yang digunakan

- Before - until - as soon as - After 5. PRESENT TENSE Rumus : S + V1 + Obj ( Subject : I, You, We, They ) S + V1 + s + Obj ( Subject : He, She, It ) Sentences (+) We generally go to the mosque every Friday . (-) We do not generally go to the mosque everi Friday . (?) Do we generally go to the mosque everi Friday ? Information Question 1. Who generally go to the mosque every Friday ? 2. When we go to mosque ? 3. Where we go every Friday ? 4. What did we do ? To Used Menyatakan perbuatan yang menjadi kebiasaan Menyatakan kebenaran/sesuatu yang kekal . Adverbs - Usually - often - once a year - ever - Sometimes - always - seldom - hardly - Occasionally - habitually - never 6. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus : S + (are,am,is) + Ving+ Obj (Subject : I, You, We, They, He, She, It) Sentences (+) John is watching television at present in her room . (-) John is not watching television at present in her room . (?) Is John watching television at present in her room. Information Question 1. Who is watching television at present in her room ? 2. When John watching television ? 3. Where is John watching television ? 4. What did Jhon doing ? To Used Menyatakan perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung/sekarang . Menyatakan perbuatan yg berulang2 walaupun tdk sdg terjadi skrng . Menyatakan kebiasaan sementara atau perbuatan yang segera terjadi .

Adverbs

- Now - at present - listen ! - right now - look ! - at this moment 7. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Rumus : S + have + V3 + Obj ( Subject : I, You, We, They ) S + has + V3 + Obj ( Subject : He, She, It ) Sentences (+) They have lived in Jakarta for seven years . (-) They have not lived in Jakarta for seven years . (?) Have they lived in Jakarta for seven years ? Information Question 1. Who have lived in Jakarta for seven years ? 2. Where have They lived for seven years ? To Used Perbuatan yang sudah selesai jika tidak disertai keterangan waktu Perbuatan yang sudah selesai jika disertai keterangan waktu yang tidak jelas kapan terjadinya Perbuatan yang sudah mulai di waktu lampau dan dilanjutkan hingga sekarang jika disertai keterangan waktu yang tidak jelas kapan berakhirnya Perbuatan yang sudah dimulai pada saat yang lalu dan baru saja berakhir pada saat berbicara Adverbs - Just - this year - So far - yet 8. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus : S + have been + Ving + Obj ( Subject : I, You, We, They ) S + has been + Ving + Obj ( Subject : He, She, It ) Sentences (+) She has been staying here this month . (-) She has not been staying here this month . (?) Has she been staying here this month ? Information Question 1. Who has been staying here this month ? 2. What has been she doing ? To Used Perbuatan yang sudah dimulai pada saat yang lalu dan dilanjutkan sampai sekarang

Perbuatan yang sudah dimulai pada saat yang lalu dan baru saja berakhir pada saat berbicara Adverbs - Since - for over - the whole day - all the right 9. FUTURE TENSE Rumus : S + shall/will + V1 + Obj (Subject : I , We ) S + will + V1 + Obj (Subject : You,They,He,She,It) Sentences (+) I shall telephone you next Friday . (-) I shall not telephone you next Friday . (?) Shall I telephone you next Friday ? Information Question 1. Who shall telephone you next Friday ? 2. When I shall telephone you ? 3. What did I shall next Friday ? To Used Perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada waktu yang akan dating Adverbs - this morning - next - the day after tomorrow - While - tonight - tomorrow - If - soon - whenever 10. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus : S + shall/will + be + Ving + Obj ( Subject : I, You, We, They, He, She, It ) Sentences (+) They will be studying at five o`clock tomorrow . (-) They will not be studying at five o`clock tomorrow . (?) Will They be studying at five o`clock tomorrow ? Information Question 1. Who will be studying at five o`clock tomorrow ? 2. When will they be studying ? 3. What will they be doing at five o`clock tomorrow ? To Used Menyatakan sdg mlakukn pbuatan pd saat ttentu di waktu mendatang Menyatakan kehendak secara sopan Adverbs - at this time - soon - tonight - next week - time to time

11. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Rumus : S + shall/will + have + V3 + Obj (Subject : I, You, We, They, He, She, It) Sentences (+) We will have done it by the end of this week . (-) We will not have done it by the end of this week . (?) Will we have done it by the end of this week ? Information Question 1. Who will have done it by the end of this week ? 2. When will have done it by the end ? To Used Menyatakan perbuatan yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan akan terselesaikan pada waktu yang akan datang . Adverbs - By - by next .. - by the end of this week 12. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE Rumus : S + shall/will + have been + Ving + Obj (Subject : I, You, We, They, He, She, It) Sentences (+) She will have been reading three books by Habib by next week. (-) She will not have been reading three books by Habib by next week. (?) Will she have been reading three books by Habib by next week ? Information Question 1. Who will have been reading three books by Habib by next week. 2. How much books by Habiburrahman will have been she the end of the month ? 3. When will have been three books by the end she read ? To Used Menyatakan melakukan perbuatan pada waktu lampau yang kemungkinan dilanjutkan pada waktu yang akan datang . Adverbs - by the end of the month - for two days - by next . . .