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HOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERS FOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS

HOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERS FOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Who are Shorts ? What is an Absorption Chiller Yazaki Range of Hot Water Powered Absorption Chillers Supplementary Low Carbon Cooling Supplementary Low Carbon Heating

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WHO ARE SHORTS ?

SUPPLIERS OF LOW CARBON HEATING & COOLING PRODUCTS

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o ISO9001 and ISO14001 certificated company o Supplying engineering products for buildings since 1945 o Part of the Read Holdings Group 150 years privately owned o Distributor of LG and Mitsubishi Air Conditioning for 10 years o Main office, warehouse, showroom and training centre in
Bradford o Services cover pre-sales support (incl design and training) through to post-sales support (incl commissioning, g p ) troubleshooting and spares)

o Partnership with Robur (absorption products) late 2006 o Partnership with Yazaki (absorption products) 2008

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HOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERS FOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS

The benefits of CHP are fairly obvious and well understood..

Electricity is generated locally from gas at approximately 30% efficiency 55% of the gas input is recovered as heat for heating the building or DHW This leads to reduced running / fuel costs reduced CO2 emissions

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The benefits of CHP are fairly obvious and well understood..

However, in commercial and public buildings cooling requirements can often outstrip heating requirements This is where tri-generation becomes a favourable option The heat from the CHP system can be used in summer to power p provide building cooling g g a heat driven absorption chiller to p Building cooling is achieved by distribution of chilled water

What is an absorption chiller ?

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What is an absorption chiller ?

Conventional electric chillers / air conditioners use a compressor to drive the unit.

Conventional electric chiller operation

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What is an absorption chiller ?

In the case of an absorption chiller system, the energy to drive the working fluid comes from heat rather than an electrically driven compressor. The rest of the system is the same.

Absorption chiller operation

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What is an absorption chiller ?

In an absorption machine the driving heat can be in the form of hot water, steam or even direct firing by gas
It is the hot water fired model that is of interest for CHP applications..

What is an absorption chiller ?

There are two types of commercially available absorption systems using different working fluid pairs

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What is an absorption chiller ?

There are two types of commercially available absorption systems using different working fluid pairs

water/ammonia and lithium bromide/water

What is an absorption chiller ? Machine Types

Gas-Fired Chiller (Air Cooled) : Ammonia / Water Gas Fired Gas-Fired Chiller (Water Cooled) : Lithium Bromide / Water Steam-Fired Chiller : Lithium Bromide / Water Hot Water-Fired Chiller : Lithium Bromide / Water Water-

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Time Line
1920s 1930s : Gas-Fired Domestic Absorption Refrigerator 1950s 1960s : Mass acceptance of Domestic product (over 4 million units sold) 1968 : First Commercial Gas-Fired Absorption Chiller developed 1970s 1980s : Widespread acceptance of Commercial cooling product

Performance measures :
The efficiency of an electric chiller is defined as its COP COP = Cooling Capacity (kW) Electric power used to drive the chiller (kW) The COP of a heat driven absorption chiller is defined as COP = Cooling Capacity (kW) Heat used to drive the chiller (kW)

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Performance measures :
Typically, the seasonal COP of an electric chiller is between 2.0 to 3.0 While the COP of an absorption chiller is between 0.7 to 1.0 However, the two are not directly comparable because of how efficiently the absorption chiller driving heat is produced compared with the efficiency at which the electricity is generated to drive the electric chiller

Environmental Benefits (1):

The use of Absorption chillers to provide building cooling / air conditioning can make tremendous Carbon (CO2) savings : Electric chiller : 21 Tonnes of CO2 Absorption chiller powered by CHP : zero CO2
(this is ADDITIONAL emissions as CHP electrical power emissions are equivalent to power station)

Absorption chiller powered by Solar Thermal : zero CO2 Absorption chiller powered by Gas : 15.4 Tonnes of CO2
(based on 100kW chiller operating for 1,000 hours)

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Environmental Benefits (2):

Absorption chillers contain no F Gas refrigerants. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the worlds Global Warming to leaked refrigerants in the atmosphere. This is a major concern and has lead to the development of the stringent F-Gas Regulations Absorption chillers use the environmentally benign lithium bromide/water mixture or ammonia/water mixture. All of these constituents h have ozone depletion potential ( d l l (ODP) of zero and global ) f d l b l warming potential (GWP) of zero. In addition the sealed working fluid circuit means the opportunity for refrigerant leakage is much less than with a conventional chiller.

HOT WATER-FIRED WATERCHILLERS

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WHO ARE YAZAKI ?

Worlds leading absorption technology manufacturer with almost 40 years experience in manufacturing absorption f t i b ti chillers

WHO ARE YAZAKI ?

Major Japanese multinational engineering company Leading global supplier of absorption cooling systems Have been mass producing absorption chillers since 1970 More than 100,000 absorption chillers installed worldwide More than 2,000 absorption chillers installed in the EU Products stocked in EU Entered UK in 2008 via Shorts

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YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERYazaki WFC Series 17kW, 35kW, 70kW and 105kW of Cooling

INTEGRATION OF YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERWITH A CHP SYSTEM (tri-generation) (tri(t i ti )
heat rejection building distribution system CHP Unit

YAZAKI chiller

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YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATEROperate with driving temperatures between 70 and 95oC Most technologically advanced unit of its type Manufactured in Japan Compact and light Indoor or outdoor installation Supplied charged with working solution All products factory tested for quality assurance Spares stock in UK Commissioning and technical support in UK

YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERMODEL Cooling (kW)

Chilled water (degC)

WFC-SC5 WFC-SC10 WFC-SC20 WFC-SC30 17.6

7/12.5

35
7/12.5

70
7/12.5

105
7/12.5

Heat Input (kW)

Heat medium (degC)

25
83/88

50
83/88

100
83/88

151
83/88

Heat Rejection (kW)

Cooling water (degC)

43
35/31

86
35/31

171
35/31

256
35/31

Suitable CHP

13kWe

27kWe

55kWe

83kWe

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Extremely compact size and light weight :

Yazaki WFC-SC10 (35kW capacity) WFCW = 760mm D = 890mm H = 1900mm Operating weight = 600kg Compared with Thermax LT-1 (nom. 35kW capacity) LTW = 1600mm D = 1600mm H = 2100mm Operating weight = 2000kg

YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERTHE PERFORMANCE OF ANY HOT WATER FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLER IS GREATLY INFLUENCED BY : Chilled Water Flow rate and temperatures Heat Medium Flow rate and temperatures Heat Rejection Flow rate and temperatures

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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES

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YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATER-

IT IS ESSENTIAL TO OPTIMISE THE CHILLER TO SUIT THE CONDITIONS ALWAYS CONTACT SHORTS WITH YOUR DESIGN CRITERIA

When assessing the performance of different manufacturers products ENSURE THAT THE COMPARISON IS MADE AT THE SAME CONDITIONS ! For example : Yazaki WFC-SC10 : WFCProduces 35kW of cooling based on design conditions: Heat Medium Temperature = 88oC Cooling Water Temperature = 31oC Thermax LT-1 : LTProduces 35kW cooling based on design conditions : Heat Medium Temperature = 90.6oC Cooling Temperature = 29.4oC At 88oC Heat Medium / 31oC Cooling Water Temperature The Thermax LT-1 only produces 25kW of cooling. LT-

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YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERAny other renewable hot water heating system that is used to heat in winter can be used to cool in summer. -Hot water from a biomass boiler -Hot water from a solar thermal system -Process / industrial waste heat Uses heat in the form of hot water at 70oC or above to produce cooling in the form of chilled water at 7oC

YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERheat rejection building distribution system Biomass boiler

EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATION WITH A BIOMASS BOILER

YAZAKI chiller

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YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERsolar panel heat rejection building distribution system

EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATION WITH A SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM

storage

YAZAKI chiller

YAZAKI HOT WATER-FIRED CHILLERS WATERheat rejection building distribution system

EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATION WITH PROCESS WASTE HEAT SOURCE

YAZAKI chiller

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YAZAKI CHILLER / CHP INSTALLATIONS

ASM Parvia (Italy) 1 off Yazaki WFC-SC20 70 kW Chiller integrated with a microturbine CHP

Bionorica (Germany) 4 off Yazaki WFC-SC30 Chillers (total 420kW) Integrated with a veg oil CHP and biomass boiler

There are more than 100,000 Yazaki chillers installed worldwide and more than 2,000 installations in the EU

All Yazaki absorption chillers need a separate Heat Rejection system

Shorts can supply a suitable UK manufactured unit or Can provide help you to select a suitable unit for optimum performance

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In the event that the Yazaki chiller/CHP combination does not fully meet the buildings cooling OR heating demand there are other supplementary low carbon options available from Shorts

SUPPLEMENTARY LOW CARBON COOLING

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YAZAKI GASGAS-FIRED CHILLERS

YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GASCHCH-K Series 105 kW to 352 kW of Cooling CHCH-MG Series 527 kW to 703 kW of Cooling

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YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GASo Chilled water as low as 7oC o CH-K Series has COP of 1.02 o CH-MG Series has COP of 1.2

BENEFITS OF YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

Low electrical usage

For example - a basic 352kW unit (CHK-100) uses only 2.5kW of power compared with over 115 kW for an equivalent electric system.

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BENEFITS OF YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits significant CARBON SAVINGS

CARBON SAVINGS : Example : CHMG-130 (527 kW) unit E l CHMG 130 it

(Running 60 hours per week / 6 months per year) Yazaki Chiller = 1560 (hrs) x 439 (kW gas) x 0.19 (kgCO2/kWh gas) = 130 Tonnes of CO2 per year Electric Chiller (seasonal COP of 2.5) = 1560 (hrs) x 211 (kW electricity) x 0 523 (kgCO2/kWh elec) 0.523 = 172 Tonnes of CO2 per year

In other words a CO2 saving of 24%

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BENEFITS OF YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits

No F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the worlds Global Warming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Yazaki Chill uses th W i t fi t i th t h Th Y ki Chiller the environmentally benign lithium bromide / water mixture.

BENEFITS OF YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits

No F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the worlds Global Warming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Yazaki Chill uses th W i t fi t i th t h Th Y ki Chiller the environmentally benign lithium bromide / water mixture. Lithium bromide has an ozone depletion potential (ODP) of zero and a global warming potential (GWP) of zero. In addition the sealed working fluid circuit means the opportunity for refrigerant leakage is much less than with a conventional heat pump system.

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BENEFITS OF YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits Running cost savings R i t i
Always running cost savings and good paybacks. The volume of savings depends on individual site requirements and tariffs.

ANNUAL RUNNING COSTS = (RH x LF x Q x P) E

In doing running cost and payback analysis remember :
Fuel Tariffs - Standing charge and climate change levy Seasonal Efficiencies not full load / design efficiencies

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BENEFITS OF YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits Running cost savings R i t i Inherently more reliable
Factory sealed and tested unit with no compressor. General mechanical reliability is excellent and the scope for refrigerant loss is minimised.

ROBUR GASGAS-FIRED CHILLERS

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ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GASGA RANGE

ISO9001 and ISO14001 certificated Italian manufacturer of solutions for heating air conditioning and refrigeration that are able to significantly reduce the impact on the environment

Net Revenue 2005 Ongoing investment in R&D 2005 Employees Headquarters Company Founded Business Presence Chillers & Heat Pumps produced

36 million euro 7% 249 Bergamo, Italy 1956 Worldwide 3,500 pa

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ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS o Air cooled o Chilled water as low as 3oC o Basic 17.7kW module o M d l can be multipled t 88kW (RTCF system) Modules b lti l d to t )

ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS RTCF Multi GAS-

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ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GASo Air cooled o Chilled water as low as 3oC o Basic 17.7kW module o M d l can be multipled t 88kW (RTCF system) Modules b lti l d to t ) o Often the only effective way to obtain air conditioning or process cooling at sites where electricity supplies are at a premium

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GAS-

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BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GAS-

Low electrical usage

The basic 17.7kW Robur unit uses 820W of power compared with over 6kW for an equivalent electric chiller

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GAS-

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits

Efficient direct point of source use of gas compared with electric chillers

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BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GAS-

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits

No F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the worlds Global Warming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Robur h t pump uses W i t fi t i th t h Th R b heat the environmentally benign water/ammonia mixture.

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GAS-

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Running cost savings

Volume of savings depends on individual site requirements and tariffs

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RUNNING COST ESTIMATES :

ANNUAL RUNNING COSTS = (RH x LF x Q x P) E

RH = annual plant run hours LF = plant load factor Q = plant capacity (kW) P = fuel price (/kwh) E = plant seasonal efficiency

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS GAS-

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Running cost savings Inherently more reliable I h tl li bl
Factory sealed and tested unit with no compressor. General mechanical reliability is excellent and the scope for refrigerant loss is minimised. Modular system approach means that the building is not dependent on one piece of plant and wear and tear can be spread.

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ERASMUS DARWEN BUILDING, NOTTINGHAM TRENT UNIVERSITY Microbiological Laboratories first floor Six ACF60-00 Chillers in two RTCF180-00 ACF60RTCF180assemblies Total cooling capacity of 106kW Low noise models due to sensitivity of site

SUPPLEMENTARY LOW CARBON HEATING

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ROBUR GAS-FIRED ABSORPTION HEAT PUMPS

Developed in 2004 by Italian manufacturer Robur Based on th popular Robur gas-fired air cooled B d the l R b fi d i l d absorption chiller

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Robur Gas Heat Pump Operation

Robur Gas Heat Pump products Roburs range of gas-fired chillers and heat pumps is based around a basic 35kW heating / 17kW cooling module.

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Robur Gas Heat Pump products This module can provide heating only or heating and cooling

Robur Gas Heat Pump products The heating module can have a heat source from : outside air or ground source or geothermal water or process or waste heat

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Robur Air Source Gas Heat Pumps GAHPGAHP-A

Heating only

GAHPGAHP-AR
Reverse cycle y Cooling/heating

Robur Air Source Gas Heat Pumps o Air source single unit producing heating only or cooling/heating
o Produces hot water at upto 60oC (chilled water as low as 3oC) o Basic 35kW heating / 17kW cooling module o Can be multipled to 175kW heating / 85kW cooling o Heating efficiencies as high as 140% - mean running cost savings and CO2 emission benefits o Almost full heating capacity at 120% efficiency at -5oC ambient o Ideal where environmental concerns and/or running costs are important

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Robur Water Source Gas Heat Pumps

GAHPGAHP-WS

Robur Water Source Gas Heat Pumps

o Single unit producing hot (65oC) and chilled (3oC) water simultaneously
o Basic module produces 38.8 kW of heating and 18.4 kW of cooling o Combined efficiency up to 227%. o Suited to hospitals, hotels and process applications o Ideal where environmental concerns and/or running costs are important

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Robur Ground Source Gas Heat Pumps p

GAHPGAHP-GS

Robur Ground Source Gas Heat Pumps p

o Basic module produces 35 kW of hot water at 60oC o Heating efficiency as high as 140 % o Works with a variety of renewable sources including lakes, rivers and ground/geothermal o In geothermal applications the borehole exchanger area is 40% less than required by an electric heat pump

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BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS HEAT PUMPS

Low electrical usage

The basic 35kW unit uses 820W of power compared with over 11kW for an equivalent electric system.

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS HEAT PUMPS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits major CARBON SAVINGS

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CARBON SAVINGS : Example : GAHP-A Ai S E l GAHP A Air Source H t P Heat Pump (36 2kW) (36.2kW)
(Running 60 hours per week / 6 months per year) Robur Gas Heat Pump = 1560 (hrs) x 25.7 (kW gas) x 0.19 (kgCO2/kWh gas) = 7.6 Tonnes of CO2 per year Condensing Boiler (seasonal efficiency of 90%) = 1560 (hrs) x 40 (kW gas) x 0 19 (kgCO2/kWh gas) 0.19 = 11.9 Tonnes of CO2 per year Electric Air Source Heat Pump (seasonal COP of 2.5) = 1560 (hrs) x 14.5 (kW electricity) x 0.523 (kgCO2/kWh elec) = 11.8 Tonnes of CO2 per year

An Air Source Robur Heat Pump will produce Carbon Savings of 36% over both the most efficient condensing boiler and current generation electric heat pumps

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BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS HEAT PUMPS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits

No F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the worlds Global Warming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Robur h t pump uses W i t fi t i th t h Th R b heat the environmentally benign water/ammonia mixture.

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS HEAT PUMPS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits Running cost savings R i t i
Always running cost savings and good paybacks. The volume of savings depends on individual site requirements and tariffs.

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ANNUAL RUNNING COSTS = (RH x LF x Q x P) E

In doing running cost and payback analysis remember :
Fuel Tariffs - Standing charge and climate change levy Seasonal Efficiencies not full load / design efficiencies

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS HEAT PUMPS

Low electrical usage Environmental benefits Other Environmental benefits Running cost savings R i t i Inherently more reliable
Factory sealed and tested unit with no compressor. General mechanical reliability is excellent and the scope for refrigerant loss is minimised. Modular system approach means that the building is not dependent on one piece of plant and wear and tear can be spread.

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RIVERSIDE SCHOOL, Orpington

Client : London Borough of Bromley Consultant : Frankham Main Contractor : Verry M&E Contractor : Hob Mechanical Services

RIVERSIDE SCHOOL, Orpington

Two separate buildings each using : one off Robur GAHP-A (35kW Air Source Heating Only Heat Pump)

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HOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERS FOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Who are Shorts ? What is an Absorption Chiller Yazaki Range of Hot Water Powered Absorption Chillers Supplementary Low Carbon Cooling Supplementary Low Carbon Heating

HOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERS FOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS

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