TANK Module: Sample Printout

TANK module
2011
Sample printout Table of contents

Table of contents ......................................................................... 1 Calculation of heat loss of storage tanks ................................................. 2 Properties of heat transfer oils .......................................................... 4 Properties gas chamber .................................................................... 5 Outside heat transfer coefficient, roof ................................................... 6 Outside heat transfer coefficient, shell .................................................. 8 Inside heat transfer coefficient, bottom ................................................. 10 Inside heat transfer coefficient, wet shell .............................................. 12 Inside heat transfer coefficient, dry shell .............................................. 14 Inside heat transfer coefficient, roof ................................................... 16
Layout Input values: Calculated values: Critical values: Estimated values: 1.234 1.234 1.234 1.234 or or or or 1.234 1.234 1.234 1.234
Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Calculation of heat loss of storage tanks

Global conditions Product temperature Inside pressure Air temperature Wind speed Ground temperature Geometry of storage tank Ground plan Diameter Circumference Area Tank height Filling level Properties: Liquid Density Specific heat capacity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Thermal conductivity Thermal coefficient of expansion Gas Medium name Density Specific heat capacity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Thermal conductivity Thermal coefficient of expansion Bottom Thickness of the wall Thermal conductivity of the wall Thermal resistance of the wall s/ Thickness of the insulation Thermal conductivity of the insulation Thermal resistance of the insulation s/ Heat transfer coefficient outside Heat transfer coefficient inside Contact surface Temperature between wall and insulation Temperature inside Temperature outside Heating performance Heat flow from inside Heat flow to outside air cp 1.015 1009 0.02056 0.000020 0.02952 0.002919 kg/m J/(kgK) mPas m/s W/(mK) 1/K
tP pi tL Wv tB
70 1 -5 5 0
C bar C m/s C
Round sketch DT 16 50.27 201.1 8 6 m m m m m
HT HF
cp
855.5 2070 7.982 0.000009 0.1235 0.000833
kg/m J/(kgK) mPas m/s W/(mK) 1/K
siB iB iB saB aB aB aB iB AB tgB tiB taB = = = =
6 52 0.000115 100 0.04 2.5 5 48.51 201.1 71.53 71.52 5.299 20200 -14.87 5.327
mm W/(mK) mK/W mm W/(mK) mK/W W/(mK) W/(mK) m C C C W kW kW
QhB QiB = QaB =
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout
Shell Thickness of the wall Thermal conductivity of the wall Thermal resistance of the wall s/ Thickness of the insulation Thermal conductivity of the insulation Thermal resistance of the insulation s/ Heat transfer coefficient outside Wet part Heat transfer coefficient inside Contact surface Temperature between wall and insulation Temperature inside Temperature outside Heating performance Heat flow from inside Heat flow to outside Dry part Heat transfer coefficient inside Contact surface Temperature between wall and insulation Temperature inside Temperature outside Heating performance Heat flow from inside Heat flow to outside Roof Thickness of the wall Thermal conductivity of the wall Thermal resistance of the wall s/ Thickness of the insulation Thickness of the insulation Thermal resistance of the insulation Heat transfer coefficient outside Heat transfer coefficient inside siD iD iD saD aD aD aD iD AD tgD tiD taD = = = = 6 52 0.000115 100 0.04 2.5 10.45 0.5624 201.1 39.51 39.51 -3.36 0 3.448 3.448 mm W/(mK) mK/W mm W/(mK) mK/W W/(mK) W/(mK) m C C C kW kW kW siM iM iM saM aM aM aM iMb AMb tgMb tiMb taMb = = = = 6 52 0.000115 100 0.04 2.5 19.57 mm W/(mK) mK/W mm W/(mK) mK/W W/(mK)
39.4 301.6 69.26 69.26 -3.513 0 8.779 8.779
W/(mK) m C C C kW kW kW
QhMb QiMb = QaMb = iMt AMt tgMt tiMt taMt = = = =
2.722 100.5 60.56 60.56 -3.687 0 2.583 2.583
W/(mK) m C C C kW kW kW
QhMt QiMt = QaMt =
s/
Contact surface Temperature between wall and insulation Temperature inside Temperature outside Heating performance Heat flow from inside Heat flow to outside Balance Heating performance Heat flow from inside Heat flow to outside Heating Temperature of the heating Temperature of the heating Required U-value for outer Required U-value for outer
QhD QiD = QaD =
Qh_ges = 20.2 Qi_ges = -0.06333 Qa_ges = 20.14
kW kW kW
medium at inlet medium at outlet shell heating bottom heating
120.1 119.9 0 2.041
C C W/(mK) W/(mK)
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Properties of heat transfer oils
Name of the oil Material structure Manufacturer Comment Application range
Marlotherm N alkyl-substituted aromatic CH compound SASOL Germany A
Temperature Density Specific heat capacity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Thermal conductivity Coef. of thermal expansion Thermal diffusivity Prandtl number Specific enthalpy Vapour pressure cp a Pr h pD
State 1 70 855.5 2070 7.982 0.000009 0.1235 0.000833 6.977E-8 132.2 0 0
State 2 C kg/m J/(kgK) cp mPas m/s W/(mK) 1/K m/s a Pr kJ/kg h Pa pD -60 340 -10 300 C C C C C C C C C mgKOH/g % Vol-% kg/kmol max kg/m J/(kgK) cp mPas m/s W/(mK) Pa pD 71600 3150 0.37 5.7E-07 0.126 20000 kg/m J/(kgK) mPas m/s W/(mK) Pa C kg/m J/(kgK) mPas m/s W/(mK) 1/K m/s kJ/kg Pa
Pour point of the oil Initial boiling point of the oil Minimum operating temperature Maximum operating temperature Minimum temperature filling Minimum temperature startup Maximum film temperature Flash point Ignition temperature Neutralization number Coke residue Explosion limit Molecular weight of the oil min cp pD 897 1860 258 0.00035 0.137
-10 70 330 180 330 0.05 0.03 320
Temperature Density Specific heat capacity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Thermal conductivity Vapour pressure
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Properties gas chamber

Properties of air State 1 Temperature Pressure Density Specific heat capacity Thermal conductivity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Specific enthalpy Prandtl number Compressibility factor Specific entropy Thermal diffusivity Thermal expansion Velocity of sound 1 p1 70 1 C bar kg/m J/(kgK) W/(mK) mPas m/s J/kg J/(kgK) m/s 1/K m/s 2 p2 cp h Pr Z s a ws State 2 C Pa kg/m J/(kgK) W/(mK) mPas m/s J/kg J/(kgK) m/s 1/K m/s
1.015 cp 1009 0.02952 0.02056 0.000020 h 45345 Pr 0.7026 Z 1 s 145.4 a 0.000029 0.002919 ws 371.4
Molar mass Gas constant Standard density Critical Critical Critical Critical data temperature pressure density
M R S Tc pc c
28.96 287.1 1.293
g/mol J/(kgK) kg/m
-140.6 3786000 342.6
C Pa kg/m
Validity range: -150 C 1000 C 1 bar p 1000 bar Composition of the air: Mol-% Wt-% N2 : 78.12 75.570 O2 : 20.96 23.161 Ar : 0.92 1.269 Normalization of Enthalpy and Entropy: h = 0 kJ/kg, s = 0 kJ/(kgK) at T = 298.15 K = 25C, p = 1.01325 bar for the pure components
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Outside heat transfer coefficient, roof

Heat transfer in single-phase flow Geometry: Heated plate length Flow velocity l w 16000 5 mm m/s
Properties: Mean pressure Mean temperature Density Specific heat capacity Specific thermal conductivity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Prandtl number Mean wall temperature Prandtl number at wall temperature Phase (liquid = 1 / gas = 2) Exponent for liquids Exponent for gases p 100000 -5 1.015 Cp 1009 0.02952 0.02056 = 0.000020 Pr = 0.7026 W PrW nF nG 39.51 0.7026 2 0.25 0 Pa C kg/m J/(kgK) W/(mK) mPas m/s C -
Heat transfer: Reynolds number Nusselt-number laminar Nusselt-number turbulent Nusselt number average Nusselt number with wall correction Heat transfer coefficient Re Nulam Nuturb Nul,0 Nu = = = = = 3949838 1173 5544 5667 5667 10.45 W/(mK)
(1) (2) (5) (6)
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout
Equations: l Nu = w l Re = Nu = Nu0 K 3949838 = 0.000020 5667 = 5667 1 (6) 10.45 5667 = 0.02952 5 16 16
Nul,0 5667 =
Nulam
+ Nuturb
2
5544 3
2
(5)
1173
Nulam
= 0.664
Re
Pr 3
0.7026
(1)
1173 = 0.664
3949838 0.037 Re0.8
Pr (Pr2/3
0.8
Nuturb
= 1 + 2.443 Re-0.1 - 1)
(2)
0.037 5544 = 1 + 2.443
3949838 3949838
0.7026 0.7026
2/3
-0.1
- 1 )
Influence of the dependence of the properties on the temperature: Liquids: nF KF = (Pr / PrW ) Gases: nG KG = (T / TW ) 1 = ( 268.2 / 312.7 ) 0 1 = ( 0.7026 / 0.7026 ) 0.25
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Outside heat transfer coefficient, shell

Heat loss of walls and pipeworks Heat loss of insulated pipeworks (exposed)
Parameters: Temperature medium inside Air temperature Inside diameter of the pipe Inside heat transfer coefficient Wind velocity i a d1 i w 70 -5 16000 39.4 5 C C mm W/(mK) m/s
Heat transfer: Wall thickness Tube Isolation 1 Isolation 2 s1 s2 s3 6 100 0 mm mm mm 1 2 3 Thermal conductivity 52 0.04 1 W/(mK) W/(mK) W/(mK)
Calculation: Diameter d2 Diameter d3 Outside diameter of the pipe d4 Temperature difference i-a Auxiliary variable D Ouitside heat transfer coefficient a Heat loss per unit of length Q/l Pipe length Heat loss absolute Temperatures: Temperature medium inside Wall temperature inside Wall temperature outside Isolation Surface temperature Air temperature l Q i Wi Wa Iso O a 16012 16212 16212 75 2.541 19.57 -1473 mm mm mm C mK/W W/(mK) W/m mm kW
70 69.26 69.25 -3.522 -3.522 -5
C C C C C C
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout
Equations:
1 D = d4 i d1 +
1 ln 2 1 1
d2 + d1
1 ln 2 2 1 +
d3 + d2
1 ln 2 3 16.01
d4 d3
16.21 39.4 16
ln 2 52 16
1 + 2 0.04 ln
16.21 + 16.01 2
1 ln 1
16.21 = 16.21 2.541 mK/W
For static air (w=0) is valid: a = 8 + 0.04 = 8 + 0.04 O - a -3.522 1/a = -5 = 8.059 W/(mK)
For wind follows :
0.0511 = f(
5 ;
16.21 )
d4 ( i - a ) Q/l = D + 1 / a 16.21 ( = 2.541 + 1 / 19.57 70 -5 ) = -1473 W/m
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Inside heat transfer coefficient, bottom

Heat transfer by natural convection around immersed bodies 4. Horizontal flat areas (heat emission at upper side)
Boundary conditions: Area of the body flown-around Perimeter of the projection surface Length flown along Acceleration due to gravity Temperature on the surface Temp. in fluid outside the boundary layers Temperature difference A U l = g _0 _ = 201.1 50265 4000 9.81 71.52 70 1.525 m mm mm m/s C C K (11)
Properties: Mean temperature Density Specific heat capacity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Thermal conductivity Coefficient of expansion 70.76 _m = 855.5 cp 2070 7.982 = 0.000009 0.1235 0.000833 C kg/m J/(kgK) mPas m/s W/(mK) 1/K
Chararcteristic values: Prandtl number Grashof number Rayleigh number Prandtl Nusselt Nusselt Nusselt function number laminar number turbulent number Pr = 133.8 Gr = 9.163E+9 Ra = 1.23E+12 f2(Pr) Nu_l Nu_t Nu = = = = 0.9372 197.8 1571 1571 -
(3) (4) (20) (18) (19)
Heat transfer: Heat transfer coefficient Exchange surface Convective heat flux = A Q = 48.51 201.1 14.87 W/(mK)(2) m kW
10
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout
Equations: = Nu / l 48.51 = 1571 (2) 0.1235 / 4
g l Gr = 9.163E+9 = 0.000009 9.81 4 0.000833 1.525 (3)
Ra = Gr 1.23E+12 = 9.163E+9
Pr 133.8
(4)
l = 4 =
A / 201.1 /
U 50.27 1/5
(11)
Nu_l =
0.766
Ra
f2 (Pr) 1/5
(18)
197.8 =
0.766
1.23E+12
0.9372
1/3 Nu_t = 0.15 Ra f2 (Pr) 1/3 1571 = 0.15 1.23E+12 0.9372 (19)
11/20 f2 (Pr) = 1 + 0.322 / Pr
-20/11 (20)
11/20 0.9372 = 1 + 0.322 / 133.8
-20/11
11
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Inside heat transfer coefficient, wet shell

Heat transfer by natural convection around immersed bodies 2. Vertical areas (cylinders)
Boundary conditions: Height of the cylinder Diameter of the cylinder Length flown along Acceleration due to gravity Temperature on the surface Temp. in fluid outside the boundary layers Temperature difference h D l = g _0 _ = 6000 16000 6000 9.81 69.26 70 0.7389 mm mm mm m/s C C K
Characteristic values: Prandtl number Grashof number Rayleigh number Prandtl function Nusselt number for plate Nusselt number Pr = 133.8 Gr = 1.50E+10 Ra = 2.00E+12 f1 (Pr) = Nu_P = Nu = 0.9283 1914 1914 -
(3) (4) (13) (12) (14)
Heat transfer: Heat transfer coefficient Exchange surface Convective heat flux = A = Q = 39.4 301.6 8.78 W/(mK)(2) m kW
12
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout
Equations: = Nu / l 39.4 = 1914 (2) 0.1235 / 6
g l Gr = 1.50E+10 = 0.000009 9.81 6 0.000833 0.7389 (3)
Ra = Gr 2.00E+12 = 1.50E+10
Pr 133.8
(4)
1/6 Nu_P = 0.825 + 0.387 Ra f1 (Pr) 1/6 1914 = 0.825 + 0.387 2.00E+12 0.9283
2 (12)
9/16 f1 (Pr) = 1 + 0.492 / Pr
-16/9 (13)
9/16 0.9283 = 1 + 0.492 / 133.8
-16/9
Nu = 1914 =
Nu_P + 0.87 1914 + 0.87
/ 6 /
D 16
(14)
13
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Inside heat transfer coefficient, dry shell

Heat transfer by natural convection around immersed bodies 2. Vertical areas (cylinders)
Boundary conditions: Height of the cylinder Diameter of the cylinder Length flown along Acceleration due to gravity Temperature on the surface Temp. in fluid outside the boundary layers Temperature difference h D l = g _0 _ = 2000 16000 2000 9.81 60.56 70 9.441 mm mm mm m/s C C K
Characteristic values: Prandtl number Grashof number Rayleigh number Prandtl function Nusselt number for plate Nusselt number Pr = 0.7026 Gr = 5.272E+9 Ra = 3.704E+9 f1 (Pr) = Nu_P = Nu = 0.3454 184.3 184.4 -
(3) (4) (13) (12) (14)
Heat transfer: Heat transfer coefficient Exchange surface Convective heat flux = A = Q = 2.722 100.5 2.583 W/(mK)(2) m kW
14
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout
Equations: = Nu / l 2.722 = 184.4 (2) 0.02952 / 2
g l Gr = 5.272E+9 = 0.000020 9.81 2 0.002919 9.441 (3)
Ra = Gr 3.704E+9 = 5.272E+9
Pr 0.7026
(4)
1/6 Nu_P = 0.825 + 0.387 Ra f1 (Pr) 1/6 184.3 = 0.825 + 0.387 3.704E+9 0.3454
2 (12)
9/16 f1 (Pr) = 1 + 0.492 / Pr
-16/9 (13)
9/16 0.3454 = 1 + 0.492 / 0.7026
-16/9
Nu = 184.4 =
Nu_P + 0.87 184.3 + 0.87
/ 2 /
D 16
(14)
15
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout Inside heat transfer coefficient, roof

Heat transfer by natural convection around immersed bodies 4. Horizontal flat areas (heat emission at lower surface)
Boundary conditions: Area of the body flown-around Perimeter of the projection surface Length flown along Acceleration due to gravity Temperature on the surface Temp. in fluid outside the boundary layers Temperature difference A U l = g _0 _ = 201.1 50265 4000 9.81 39.51 70 30.49 m mm mm m/s C C K (11)
Properties: Mean temperature Density Specific heat capacity Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Thermal conductivity Coefficient of expansion 54.75 _m = 1.015 cp 1009 0.02056 = 0.000020 0.02952 0.002919 C (10) kg/m J/(kgK) mPas m/s W/(mK) 1/K
Characteristic values: Prandtl number Grashof number Rayleigh number Prandtl function Nusselt number Pr = 0.7026 Gr = 1.36E+11 Ra = 9.57E+10 f1 (Pr) = Nu = 0.3454 76.21 -
(3) (4) (13) (21)
Heat transfer: Heat transfer coefficient Exchange surface Convective heat flux = A Q = 0.5624 201.1 3.448 W/(mK)(2) m kW
16
July-14-2011
TANK module
2011
Sample printout
Equations: = Nu / l 0.5624 = 76.21 (2) 0.02952 / 4
g l Gr = 1.36E+11 = 0.000020 9.81 4 0.002919 30.49 (3)
Ra = Gr 9.57E+10 = 1.36E+11
Pr 0.7026
(4)
l = 4 =
A / 201.1 /
U 50.27
(11)
9/16 f1 (Pr) = 1 + 0.492 / Pr
-16/9 (13)
9/16 0.3454 = 1 + 0.492 / 0.7026
-16/9
1/5 Nu = 0.6 Ra f1 (Pr) 1/5 76.21 = 0.6 9.57E+10 0.3454 (21)
17
July-14-2011

TANK Module: Sample Printout

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TANK Module: Sample Printout

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TANK module

Sample printout Table of contents

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Calculation of heat loss of storage tanks

Round sketch DT 16 50.27 201.1 8 6 m m m m m

855.5 2070 7.982 0.000009 0.1235 0.000833

kg/m J/(kgK) mPas m/s W/(mK) 1/K

siB iB iB saB aB aB aB iB AB tgB tiB taB = = = =

mm W/(mK) mK/W mm W/(mK) mK/W W/(mK) W/(mK) m C C C W kW kW

QhB QiB = QaB =

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

39.4 301.6 69.26 69.26 -3.513 0 8.779 8.779

QhMb QiMb = QaMb = iMt AMt tgMt tiMt taMt = = = =

2.722 100.5 60.56 60.56 -3.687 0 2.583 2.583

QhMt QiMt = QaMt =

QhD QiD = QaD =

Qh_ges = 20.2 Qi_ges = -0.06333 Qa_ges = 20.14

medium at inlet medium at outlet shell heating bottom heating

120.1 119.9 0 2.041

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Properties of heat transfer oils

Name of the oil Material structure Manufacturer Comment Application range

Marlotherm N alkyl-substituted aromatic CH compound SASOL Germany A

State 1 70 855.5 2070 7.982 0.000009 0.1235 0.000833 6.977E-8 132.2 0 0

-10 70 330 180 330 0.05 0.03 320

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Properties gas chamber

28.96 287.1 1.293

g/mol J/(kgK) kg/m

-140.6 3786000 342.6

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Outside heat transfer coefficient, roof

(1) (2) (5) (6)

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

3949838 0.037 Re0.8

0.037 5544 = 1 + 2.443

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Outside heat transfer coefficient, shell

70 69.26 69.25 -3.522 -3.522 -5

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

16.21 = 16.21 2.541 mK/W

For wind follows :

d4 ( i - a ) Q/l = D + 1 / a 16.21 ( = 2.541 + 1 / 19.57 70 -5 ) = -1473 W/m

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Inside heat transfer coefficient, bottom

(3) (4) (20) (18) (19)

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Equations: = Nu / l 48.51 = 1571 (2) 0.1235 / 4

g l Gr = 9.163E+9 = 0.000009 9.81 4 0.000833 1.525 (3)

11/20 f2 (Pr) = 1 + 0.322 / Pr

11/20 0.9372 = 1 + 0.322 / 133.8

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Inside heat transfer coefficient, wet shell

(3) (4) (13) (12) (14)

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Equations: = Nu / l 39.4 = 1914 (2) 0.1235 / 6

g l Gr = 1.50E+10 = 0.000009 9.81 6 0.000833 0.7389 (3)

9/16 f1 (Pr) = 1 + 0.492 / Pr

9/16 0.9283 = 1 + 0.492 / 133.8

Nu_P + 0.87 1914 + 0.87

Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Sample printout Inside heat transfer coefficient, dry shell