MATHS

Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHOOOL
M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
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 The population of a town is 100000,
what was it two years back, if it has
been growing @10%?
• The process is to divide this number by
1.1*1.1. Remember, in order to get the
population 2 years after, we will multiply it
by 1.1*1.1 and in order to get the
population two years back, we will divide it
by 1.1*1.1. Re. 1 of today will become 1.1
after one year – so logically we have to
divide it by 1.1.
• =100000/1.1*1.1 = 82644 Ans.

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 The population of a town is 100000,
what will it be two years after, if it has
been growing @10%?
• =100000*1.1*1.1
• =121000
• Ans.

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What is the present worth of Rs. 5000
due 3 years hence? R = 10%
• Formulae of present worth is :
• =100*amt/(100+(r*t))
• =100*5000/(100+(10*3)
• 500000/130
• =3846 Ans.

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How much money will bank give you,
if you if you take your bill to the
bank for discounting. The bank
charges@10%. The due date of bill
is 3 years hence. What will be gain
of Bank?
• Bankers’ discount: 5000*10%*3= 1500
• To get banker’s gain, find the difference of
bankers discount and true discount.
• True discount = Amt – Present worth
• =5000-3846= 1154
• Banker’s gain= 1500-1154 = 346 Ans.

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How should I mix rice costing 31 per kg
with rice costing 36 per kg so that my
net costing becomes 32.5 only?

MIXTURE

31 36
32.5
3.5 1.5

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 I want to sell wheat @ 50/- per kg
after earning 25% profit. I have two
varieties, one costing Rs. 33 & II
costing Rs. 48. How should I mix them?
• My price is 50, but profit is 25% on cost.
Thus cost is : 50*100/125 = 40
• Now I have to find the mixture, which can
give me cost of 40.
• The first variety costs 33 & II costs 48
and target is 40.
• The answer is 8:7 .. See the next slide.

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 In what ratio must a person mix
rice costing 120, 144 &174, so that
the final cost is 141 per kg.?
• The target cost is 141. we have to compare
two cost structures at a time and find
their ratio and then find their combined
ratio.
• We cant compare 144 & 174 – because
both are above the target cost. We will
take those values – which are one above
target, one below target. Therefore we
will compare 120 & 144 in the first time
and 120&174 next time.

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Solution:1
MIXTURE

120 144
141
3 21

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Solution - 2
MIXTURE

120 174
141
33 21

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 Solution -- 3
• First ratio is : 3:21
• Second ratio is 33:21
• 3 is common in all these, so divide by 3:
• I: 1:7; II: 11:7. the first item is common in
these, so the first values are multiplied
with the second values of each other – to
get combined ratio:
• 11:77:7 Ans.

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Solution …
mixture

33 48
40

8 7

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 SOLUTION …
• The rice costing 31 and 36 should be
mixed in the ratio: 3.5:1.5 or
• Or 7:3
• i.e. if we want to make a mixture of
10 kg, we will take 7 kg. of rice
costing 31 and 3 kg of rice costing
36.

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 If A:B = 2:3, B:C=4:5,
what is a:b:c?
• A:B = 2:3,
• B :C= 4:5
• Here common element is B, so put b over b.
multiply elements of b with each other : 3*4 = 12.
Now cross multiply B of second with A of first;
and B of first with C of second:
• 2*4 and 3*5. We get new ratio of A & C as :10
and 15.
• The new ratio of A:B:C = 8:12:15 Ans.
• Remember, we have to multiply other elements
with common elements. If we multiply B&C with
each other, answer will be something different.

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 If A:B = 2:3, A:C=4:5,
what is a:b:c?
• A:B = 2:3,
• A: C=4: 5
• Put A beneath A. multiply both the values
of A: 2*4= 8 this is the A.
• Cross multiply first A with second C and
will you get C = 2*5 = 10
• Cross multiply second A with first B, you
get B = 4*3 = 12
• Ratio of A:B:C = 8:12:10 ans.

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What is the ratio of B:C,
if A:B = 5:12, A:C=11:13?
• We know that :
• B/A * A/C = B/C (A gets cancelled)
• Therefore convert first ratio (A:B) into
B:A; It is 12:5. (A= 5 & B = 12, put it
reverse order)
• We cant solve it by A/B – Because, A/B &
A/C will not give us B/C.
• Now 12/5 *11/13 = 12*11 / 5*13
• =132 / 65 Ans.

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 Thanks
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(after class 12 along with IAS, CA & CS) and 18
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 About AFTERSCHOOOL PGPSE –
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 Workshops from
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