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Primera Parte

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Altars
Altar and pillar Exod 30:1-27; 31:8; 35:15; 40:5; 1 Macc 4:49; 2 Macc 2:5; Luke 1:11

The altar (on the left) belongs to a private house in Shechem, perhaps dating back to the first half of the 1st millennium BCE; the pillar is from Megiddo (12th-10th century BCE). Perhaps fragrant incense was burnt on the altar, whereas a drink offering could have been poured in the dish on top of the pillar (on the left).

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Altar at Megiddo Josh 12:21; 17:11; Judg 1:27; 5:19; 1 Kings 4:12; 9:15; 2 Kings 9:27; 23:29; Rev 16:16 Megiddo was the most important city of the Jezreel Valley, which can rightly be called the granary of Israel. Already in the 3rd millennium BCE, there was an important settlement with large temples. The picture shows the altar of burned offering of that time, as well as the wall of one of the two other temples.

Megiddo was the most important city of the Jezreel Valley, which can rightly be called the granary of Israel. Already in the 3rd millennium BCE, there was an important settlement with large temples. The picture shows the altar of burned offering of that time, as well as the wall of one of the two other temples.

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Altar near Zorah Judg 13:19-20

Near Zora in the Shephelah, a peculiar stone was discovered that had on top a structure like a ladder. It was quickly connected to the altar of Manoah (Judg 13:19-20). However, a new analysis of the stone made clear that it probably was only cut in such way in the Byzantine period, and was presumably used for pressing fresh olive oil.

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Altar of burned offering Exod 30:1-10

Whereas in the Pre-Exilic Period, the fatty portions of the sacrificial animals were burnt on the altar, in the Postexilic Period this was more and more replaced by incense from the south of Saudi-Arabia, like frankincense, myrrh, or stacte.

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Altar of burned offering Exod 30:1-27; 31:8; 35:15; 37:25; 40:5; Lev 4:7; 1 Macc 4:49; 2 Macc 2:5; Luke 1:11

On a large monolithic altar of burned offering (picture on the left) the fatty portions of the sacrifice were burned first. According to the Semitic notion, those portions were the best parts of the sacrificial animal, which thus were offered to God in appreciation. The altars of burned offering often had a bezel around it, so that the blood of the sacrifice could be thrown against the base of the altar underneath the bezel. Frankincense was only burned on altars like that in the Postexilic Period. But besides those types, there also were small, cubic altars of incense all over the Near East. They were normally 10 by 10 by 10 cm and were used in private homes. 6 1000 Bible Images (from: Biblioteca Digital Sistema Libronix)

CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Altar of Ezekiel Eze 43:13

The new design of a temple is accompanied by a new design of the altar of burned offering that was supposed to be constructed in front of the temple. It is not clear whether this altar is the same as the one that stood already there in the Pre-Exilic Period. The altar has steps leading up to it. The four corners of each altar has "horns" that were also used earlier on other altars. Reconstruction according to Galling. A groove runs around the stone-cut altar with two steps that hold the four-horned altar of burned offering. It is probably modeled on Mesopotamian altars; cf. the accompanying depiction of an altar excavated in Dura Europos (2nd/3rd century BCE).

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Altar of incense Rev 8:3

An Altar of incense is shown in the center of the picture. Such thin, high reaching altars were customary for burning incense since the Persian period. In the upper dish, shown from the top (at the right), incense was burnt over charcoal. These fragrances came mainly via a long trade route from Saudi-Arabia. They were stored in a small box depicted at the left.

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Altar Acts 17:23

The altar (base 0.5 meter) was discovered in the holy complex of Demeter in Pergamon (2nd century CE). The dedicatory inscription reads, "To the unknown gods Kapiton torch-bearer "(name of a priestly torch-bearer during the mysteries)

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Horns of the altars Exod 27:2; 29:12; 30:2-10; Lev 4:7; 1 Kings 1:50-51; 2:28; Ps 118:27; Ezek 43:20; Amos 3:14

Monolithic stone altars with the characteristic horns at the corners developed in the Kings period. Part of the blood of the sacrifice was thrown on those horns. The collected blood then was poured on the base of the altar underneath the bezel. Whoever had committed a capital crime could flee to an altar, hold on to the horns of the altar, and thus be free of the punishment until the case was tried in court.

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Nabatean step-altar at Petra Exod 20:25-26

In Exodus 20:25-26, the steps leading up to an altar probably do not yet refer to an altar as depicted here, but was a kind of podium with steps of mud bricks where people could place offerings on these steps. But even the steps of that platform were so sacred that nobody was allowed to step on it. The Nabataeans, who in their capital Petra had a variety of elaborate and impressive tomb facades cut out of stone, built a series of sacrificial altars on high mounds around Petra. These altars were also cut out of stone.

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Animals
Animal husbandry Gen 1:24-26; 6:19; 1 Kings 5:13; Ps 80:14; Ezek 29:11; Dan 4:9

The picture shows, in four rows, livestock that was most important to the people in antiquity. Cattle are depicted in the row at the top. They were raised for meat and milk, but also as draft animals for puling simple carts or the plow. The row below shows donkeys, the typical pack animal of the Near East. Goats and sheep are pictured in the last two rows. They were the most common livestock; less difficult to raise and providers of milk and meat; they were actually part of every household. 12 1000 Bible Images (from: Biblioteca Digital Sistema Libronix)

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Basalt stele of Beth-Shean Ps 22:17-21; Eccles 9:4; Isa 13:22; Jdth 11:13

The stele of Beth-Shean presumably dates back to the 9th century BCE. It shows a lion and a dog fighting with each other. The lion possibly represents majestic power. In contrast, the dog - at that time dogs were normally roaming animals - represents chaotic danger, but one that cannot do the lion any harm.

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Basilisc Isa 11:8; 59:5; Jer 8:17; Prov 23:32

In some translations, the snake mentioned in Isa 11:8, 59:5, Jer 8:17, and Prov 23:32 is redered as basilisc or basiliskos. However, this translation is incorrect, since that snake only occurs in Africa. Therefore newer translations refer to the adder, since the text obviously talks about a venomous viper that s prevalent in that region.

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Battling dragons Ps 74:13; 91:13; Isa 14:29; 51:9; Wisd of Sol 16:10; Rev 12:3; 13:2-14:11; 16:13

Since ancient times, the dragon (this cylinder seal shows a dragon with seven heads) represents the chaos that threatens the divine order of the world. It is the task of the gods - and the king's as the surrogate of the gods on earth) to rein in the chaos. The cylinder seal found in Larsa at the Euphrates comes dates back to the late 3rd millennium BCE.

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Bear Dan 7:5

Gravure on a bronze stele from the palace of Ashurnasirpal II in Nimrud Kalach (9th century BCE).

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Bells of the horses Zech 14:20

This relief shows a horse with a bell around his neck, as is described in Zechariah 14:20.

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Bull on a pedestal Exod 32; Deut 9:16; 1 Kings 12:28-29; Neh 9:18; Ps 106:19; Acts 7:41

The Hittite stone relief from Alaa Hyk (15th century BCE) pictures a bull on a pedestal or altar. The royal couple that offers up to the bull is not shown here. The Golden Calf might have looked similar. However, according to similar finds, the bronze plastic of the Golden Calf might not have been higher than about 15 cm.

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According to biblical reports, the Midianites embellished their camels with ribbons and other finery.

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Camel rider (Tell Halaf) Gen 12:16; 24:10-64; 30:43; Judg 8:21; 1 Sam 30:17; 1 Kings 10:2; 2 Kings 8:9

This orthostat from the west-palace of the North-Syrian city Tell Halaf was made in the first half of the 9th century BCE. This picture is the oldest illustration known thus far that shows a cushion saddle used for riding camels. In contrast to the older saddle construction, the cushion saddle made the shooting with a bow from a camel possible. Due to this innovation, Bedouins could now invade the cultivated land on camel and plunder its inhabitants.

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Carvings of ivory 1 Kings 10:18-22; 22:39; Ps 45:9; Ezek 27:6; Amos 3:15; 6:4

The carving on the top shows a suckling calf, a motif common in the Near East. This motif illustrates the importance of offspring. The lower carving picks up an Egyptian motif. The pillar (in the middle) is protected by two winged goddesses. Ivory plates of this kind, mainly produced by Phoenician artists, often were attached to furniture as decoration. Had a building several such decorations, it was called an "ivory house."

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Chameleon and Gecko Lev 11:30

In the Hebrew Scriptures, both animals belong to the unclean animals that are not allowed to be eaten.

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Cormorant Lev 11:17

It is difficult to identify the unclean birds of Leviticus 11, since some names are only mentioned at this place in the Hebrew Scripture. Sometimes the Cormorant is seen as one of the animals mentioned in this list.

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The Egyptian relief shows scenery typical for the Nile. Crocodiles and fish are seen beneath a papyrus boat. The crocodile always presents a big threat to humans either at the Nile or at other rivers of Palestine flowing into the Mediterranean Sea.

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Decorated horse Zech 10:3; 14:20; 2 Macc 3:25

The Assyrians decorated the horses for their chariots with elaborate snaffles. The picture also shows little bells as horse decoration.

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Deer (Tell Halaf) Gen 49:21; Deut 12:15; 2 Sam 22:34; 1 Kings 5:3; Ps 22:1; 42:2; Prov 7:22; Song 2:9-17; 8:14; Isa 35:6; 51:20; Lam 1:6

The deer belongs to the game animals. It is pictured here on an orthostat from the NorthSyrian Tell Halaf, dating back to the 9th century BCE.

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Dog 1 Kings 14:11; Ps 22:17-21; 68:24; Isa 13:22; 56:11; Jdth 11:13

The Assyrian relief shows a hunting dog used for hunting deer, etc. However, in antiquity dogs were domesticated only in a minimal way. A number of dogs were roaming around and thus quite dangerous, because sometimes they also attacked humans.

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Donkey and Camel Gen 37:25; 2 Kings 8:9; 1 Chron 12:41; Isa 21:7; 30:6

Vehicles are a relatively impractical means of transportation in the Near East, since they require good streets and a not too steep terrain. Therefore donkeys were the most common animal used for transporting goods even over long distances already in the 3rd millennium BCE. Toward the end of the 2nd millennium BCE, the camel was also used as a pack animal. In comparison to a donkey, the camel had the advantage of not needing to drink water for days, and it could move more easily in sandy terrain (e.g. on the Arabian Peninsula).

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Donkey as pack animal Gen 42:26-27; 43:18-24; Josh 9:4; 1 Sam 25:18; 2 Sam 17:23; 1 Chron 12:41; Neh 13:15; Isa 21:7; 30:6; Sirach 33:25

For transporting materials, one used donkeys as beasts of burden, though they also could be used for riding. However, in earlier times donkeys were also employed in interregional trade. Even today one can find donkeys with heavy loads, piled up high, which they carry through the small streets of the Near-Eastern cities.

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Eagle owl Lev 11:17; Deut 14:16; Isa 34:11

The names of the animals mentioned in the Bible often are hard to identify. The bird named in Leviticus 11:17; Deuteronomy 14:16; and Isaiah 34:11 is an unclean animal. It probably is one of the many types of owls; some identify it with the Abyssinian long-eared owl, to which also the eagle owl belongs.

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Fallow deer Deut 14:5; Hab 3:19

This section of a larger relief shows a fallow deer in a hilly landscape (represented by the scales) with trees.

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Fat-tailed sheep Gen 12:16; 29:6-10; 30:31; Exod 2:17; 13:13; 20:24; Deut 7:13; 8:13; 14:4; Isa 22:13; 53:6-7; Jer 12:3; Matt 9:36; 12:11-12; 18:12; 25:32; John 2:14

One of the oldest domestic animals besides the goat is the sheep. In Palestine, people have mainly Fat-tailed sheep (Karakul sheep), since their fat is considered a delicacy.

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Fighting wild beasts Gen 31:39; Exod 23:29; Lev 26:6-22; Job 5:22; Ps 8:8; 104:20; Hos 13:8; Sirach 39:36; Mark 1:13; Acts 11:6; 1 Cor 15:32; Rev 6:8

Fighting wild beasts was a symbolic struggle against evil and chaos all along. Already the Assyrians had lions, leopards, and other wild cats, so that they could be wrestled down in animal fights. Whoever overcame them was proven to be a hero who could master everything evil. Wild beasts were deployed in the arena in Rome; only true heroes could fend them off.

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Fish in the Sea of Galilee Matt 4:18; 7:10; 13:47-48; 14:17-19; 15:34-36; Mark 1:16; 6:38-43; 8:7; Luke 5:2-6; 9:13-16; 11:11; 24:42; John 6:9-11; 21:3-13

Fishing in the Sea of Galilee played an important role at the time of Jesus. There was a fishery in Magdala, where the fisherman living alongside the seashore pickled the fish. Eighteen types of fish are home in the Sea of Galilee; ten of them are important for commercialization. At the top: The biggest and most important fish is the tilapia, also called "St. Peter's fish" (tilapia galilaea) that can reach a length of 40 cm, and a weight of 1.5 kg. It belongs to the species of cichlid fishes. Bottom right: The long-headed barb (barbus longiceps) belongs to the species of carp. It can reach a length of 80 cm, and a weight of 6 to 7 kg. Bottom left: The Kishri (barbus canis) also belongs to the species of carps. It has bigger scales then the long-headed barb, and it does not get as large (about 50 cm length and 3 to 4 kg weight). Both fish are fish of pray that eat other fish, mainly small sardines. They were also appreciated as food fish. 34 1000 Bible Images (from: Biblioteca Digital Sistema Libronix)

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Fish in the Sea of Galilee Lev 11:9; Deut 14:9; Matt 4:18; 7:10; 13:47-48; 14:17-19; 15:34-36; Mark 1:16; 6:38-43; 8:7; Luke 5:2-6; 9:13-16; 11:11; 24:42; John 6:9-11; 21:3-13

Fishing in the Sea of Galilee played an important role at the time of Jesus. There was a fishery in Magdala, where the fisherman living alongside the seashore pickled the fish. Eighteen types of fish are home in the Sea of Galilee; ten of them are important for commercialization. At the top: The catfish (clarias lazera) is the biggest fish in Palestine. It can reach a length of 1.25 m, and a weight of 10 kg. Since it does not have scales, Jews are not allowed to eat that fish (Leviticus 11:9; Deuteronomy 14:9). Therefore its value was limited for commercial use. Perhaps the term "bad fish" in Matt 13:48 refers to the catfish. Bottom left: The Hafafi (varicorhinus damascinus) also belongs to the barbs. Since it originated in the region of the springs of the Jordan River, it swims up-stream for spawning there in the winter. Bottom right: The barb.

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Flocks Gen 30:36-40; Job 24:2; 30:1; Ps 77:21; 78:52; 107:41; Song 4:1-2; 6:5-6; Isa 40:11; 60:7; Jer 31:24; 33:12; 49:29; Ezek 34:2; Sirach 18:13; Baruch 4:26; Luke 2:8

Flocks of sheep and goats were an important source of income in the countryside. Almost every family owned some sheep and goats. Often a shepherd herded the flocks of several families. Sometimes also children of the family were responsible for the herding. To prevent the animals from eating up the growing grain in the winter month, they were moved up to the slopes of the mountains. However, flocks were mainly reared in the step and the desert. In the Song of Solomon, the hair of the beloved is compared to a flock of goats moving back down from the mountains, thus alluding to her wild and unkempt head of hair. (Song of Songs 4:1-2).

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Flocks Gen 30:39; Isa 40:11; Ezek 34:2; Amos 7:15; Sirach 18:13

The painting shows different aspects of flocks. On top at the left, a tree is visible on which an animal raises up to be able to eat the young shoots. On the right, the shepherd is carrying a skin container (with water?) and another sack (with grain or other food?) on a stick over his shoulder. In the lower fries, branches of the tree are being chopped off.

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Flying bird Isa 31:5; 40:31; Jer 4:25; Ezek 39:17; Hos 9:11

The New-Hittite relief shows a bird flying up. Stones like this were used for decorating walls inside palaces.

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Game animals Gen 27:3-30; Lev 17:13; 1 Sam 16:20; Job 10:16; 18:2; Ps 22:1

The Egyptian picture shows a number of different game animals that live in the desert as well as in the cultivated land: ibexes and antelopes, cattle and deer, rabbits, hitch hogs, wolfs, hyenas, and leopards. All of those are depicted here.

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Gazelle 1 Kings 5:3; Prov 5:19; Song 2:7-17; 3:5; 4:5; 7:4; 8:14

Due to their fine meat, gazelles were popular animals to be hunted. Their fur was used for manufacturing parchment. The speed and grace of the gazelle was highly praised in antiquity. In the Song of Songs, the gazelle is frequently compared to the beloved partner.

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Golden Calf Exod 32; 1 Kings 7:25; 12:28

Many small bronze figurines are known in the Near East, which are at most about 15 cm high, and were worshiped as idols or symbols of deities. Occasionally plastics had a coating of gold or silver. The bull symbolized fertility as well as power. In the Hebrew Scriptures it was the symbol for Baal as well as Yahweh.

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Golden Calf Exod 32; 1 Kings 12:28-32

Stone figurines are widely known since the 2nd millennium BCE. They are worshipped as representing the weather god. The drawing at the top shows studs on the feet of the bull; hence the figurine was earlier attached to a wooden plate. The golden calf may mentioned in the Bible may have looked similarly.

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Heron Lev 11:19; Deut 14:18; Ps 104:17; Jer 8:7; Zech 5:9

Some scholars identify the bird mentioned, for instance, in Jer 8:7 as heron, some as stork. This animal is considered unclean; therefore it is not allowed to be eaten. 43 1000 Bible Images (from: Biblioteca Digital Sistema Libronix)

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Hippopotamus (Behemoth) Job 40:15-24

In the Bible the hippopotamus is commonly rendered with its Hebrew name "Behemoth." The primeval animal was admired for its strength, but it was also feared.

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Hoopoe Lev 11:19; Deut 14:18

The hoopoe is regarded as one of the unclean animals in the Hebrew Bible.

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Ibex Deut 14:5; Ps 104:18

The ibex can often be found in the rocky areas of the Judean mountains.

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Jackal Job 30:29; Ps 44:20; 63:11; Isa 13:22; 34:13; 35:7; 43:20; Jer 9:10; 10:22; 14:6; 49:33; 51:37; Lam 4:3; Micah 1:8; Mal 1:3

The Jackal lives in barren and forsaken regions; thus in the Hebrew Scriptures, it is a symbol for the God-forsaken world.

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Leopard or panther Song 4:8; Isa 11:6; Jer 5:6; 13:23; Dan 7:6; Hos 13:7; Hab 1:8; Sirach 28:27; Rev 13:2

In antiquity, leopards lived in the desert - one can find them again in the present-day nature reserve. These solitary animals were praised but also feared for their velocity. The picture shows a spotted panther on a north-Syrian plinth relief (9th century BCE).

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Lion and bull battling 1 Kings 7:29

The ivory carving (4 cm high and 11 cm wide) was found during excavations in Samaria. It shows a lion attacking a bull at his throat. The lion probably represents a god who prevails over the bellicose and powerful bull. Perhaps a similar scene was depicted on the bronze stand in the temple in Jerusalem; at least according to 1 Kings 7:29, there were lions and bulls in the temple.

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Lioness Gen 49:9; Job 4:11; 38:39; Isa 30:6; Ezek 19:2; John 1:6; Nah 2:12-13

The Assyrian relief shows a lioness in a garden. Due to its strength, the lion represents power and bravery in the Hebrew Scriptures, but also threatening danger. In Assyria the king annually defeated lions. This show-off battle was supposed to illustrate the lordship of the king over the danger of the chaos.

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Locusts on a wall Nah 3:17

In Palestine, locusts usually appear in swarms that can eat up the entire vegetation in large areas. However, during the cold of the night, they like to rest on a wall.

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Locusts Exod 10:4-19; Deut 28:38; Judg 6:5; 7:12; Job 39:20; Ps 78:46; 105:34; 109:23; Isa 33:4; John 1:4; 2:25; Amos 7:1; Jdth 2:11; Wisd of Sol 16:9; Sirach 43:19; Matt 3:4; Mark 1:6; Rev 9:3-7

Locusts usually appear in swarms that can eat up the entire vegetation in large areas; hence in antiquity they were regarded as a great danger to the food supply for humans. Therefore they could be understood as God's punishment.

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Mouse Lev 11:29; 1 Sam 6:4; Isa 66:17; Jdth 14:11

The mouse belonged to the unclean animals. Yet in the Mediterranean, the mouse was venerated as a holy animal. Especially on the islands of the coast of Anatolia, mice were revered as symbol of Smintheus, the "lord of mice," who was worshipped to stave off diseases and mice plagues.

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Muzzle for oxen Deut 25:4; 1 Cor 9:9; 1 Tim 5:18

To prevent animals from eating during work, they were muzzled. However, the Bible unequivocally forbids such a method. Israelite law said that the animal doing the work of pulling the threshing sledge all day should not wear a muzzle, so that it would be able to eat grain and straw from the threshing floor.

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Ostrich Lev 11:16; Deut 14:15; Job 30:29; 39:13; Isa 13:21; 34:13; 43:20; Jer 50:39; Lam 4:3; Micah 1:8

In antiquity, this large flightless bird (up to almost 3 m high) could frequently be encountered in the steppes of the Near East. The ostrich has the ability to run at speeds of more than 50 km/h (46 mph); hence he is the symbol for the inhospitable world of the desert. Perhaps this is the reason why he belongs to the unclean animals.

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CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Owl Isa 34:15

The zoological identification of the eggs-laying animal mentioned in Isaiah 34:15 is still disputed. Some scholars believe it to be snakes (vipers?), others think of birds, for instance the owl, or the sand partridge.

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Oxen pike Judg 3:31; Sirach 38:26; Acts 26:14; 1 Cor 15:55-561

An oxen pike was a long wooden pole with a pointed top. Farmer used it to goad the oxen on to plow.

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Quail Exod 16:13; Num 11:31-32; Ps 105:40; Wisd of Sol 16:2; 19:12

The quail (Coturnix coturnix) is a small migratory bird. Great flights of quail pass the area of Palestine and the Sinai on their way south about end of August, and again in mid-March on their way back north. Since the quail flies near the ground, it is easily hunted as game.

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Relief with Lion-griffin in Susa Ezra 4:9; Neh 1:1; 2:3-5:8; 3:15; 4:8-16; 8:14-15; 9:6; Dan 8:2; Add Esth 5:12; 6:11

Susa was expanded and upgraded by the Persians as one of their cities of residence. The walls of the Palace of Darius were decorated with glazed and painted relief-tiles that depict a lion-griffin with ram's horns.

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Rider Acts 23:23-32

Horseback riding played an important role in the Roman army. Due to speed and mobility, horsemen often could be quite decisive in the war. But they were also essential for the postal system in antiquity. Relay stations at intervals made it possible to carry government dispatches and other mail relatively fast over long distances.

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Riding messenger Esther 8:10-14

The Persians, for the first time, had developed a functioning postal delivery system in the Near East. Riding messengers on horseback could transport messages over long distances in quite short a time.

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Rock Hyrax Lev 11:5; Deut 14:7 The Rock Hyrax or Cape Hyrax (Heterohyrax syriacus) resembles a rat or a beaver, though zoologically it is not related to them, but is nearer to elephants. In the Hebrew Scriptures, it rates among the unclean animals. In addition, it is wrongly counted to the ruminants because of its intensive chewing movement.

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Scorpion Deut 8:15; 1 Kings 12:11-14; Ezek 2:6; Sirach 26:10; 39:36; Luke 10:19; 11:12; Rev 9:3-10

A scorpion has a long tail with a sting. Depending on the type of scorpion, the poison of the sting could cause painful swellings, and could even be fatal for kids.

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Scorpion Deut 8:15; 1 Kings 12:11-14; Ezek 2:6; Sirach 26:10; 39:36; Luke 10:19; 11:12; Rev 9:3-10

A scorpion has a long tail with a sting. Depending on the type of scorpion, the poison of the sting could cause painful swellings, and could even be fatal for kids

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Screech owl Lev 11:17; Deut 14:16; Ps 102:7; Zeph 2:14

Just as the owl and the eagle owl, the screech owl belongs to the "unclean animals" that were not allowed to be eaten. 65 1000 Bible Images (from: Biblioteca Digital Sistema Libronix)

CLAUDIOXP GROUP - LA BIBLIA DICE . http://claudioxplabibliadice.blogspot.com/ Slaughter Gen 43:16; Exod 12:6-21; 29:11; Lev 1:5-11; 3:2-8:13; 4:4-15; Deut 16:2-6; Prov 7:22; 24:11; Isa 14:21; 53:7; Jer 11:19; 50:27; 51:40

In Israel, animals were slaughtered by cutting the carotid artery; the blood was caught in a bowl. After the animal was bloodless, it could be cooked or burned on the altar as sacrifice. Blood as bearer of life was splashed against the base of the altar

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