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Department of
MECHANICAL (R&A/C) Engineering
REVISED SYLLABUS
With effect from JUN 2007
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 1
Curriculum and Scheme of Examination
Diploma in Mechanical Engineering (R&AC) R1 - Scheme
(With effect from 2007-2008)
Total Curriculum Hours : 35 Hours / Week Total Working Hours : 35 Hours / Week
III SEMESTER
Scheme of Examination
Sl. Subjects Hours / Duration ^^Min.
Name of Subject ^Total
No Code week of Exam Marks for
Marks
Hours Pass
IV SEMESTER
Scheme of Examination
Sl. Subjects Hours / Duration ^^Min.
Name of Subject ^Total
No Code week of Exam Marks
Marks
Hours for Pass
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 2
V SEMESTER
Scheme of Examination
Hours ^^Min.
Sl. Subjects Duration
Name of Subject / ^Total Marks
No Code of Exam
week Marks for
Hours
Pass
1. 2061 Industrial Engineering and Management* 6 3 75+25 30
2. 2453 Elective Theory – I 6 3 75+25 30
3. 2456 Plumbing Hydraulics-Mechanical Services 5 3 75+25 30
4. 2054 HVAC& Plumbing Drawing-AutoCAD lab 6 3 75+25 38
5. 2455 Elective Practical - I 6 3 75+25 38
6. 2454 Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Lab 6 3 75+25 38
* Common with Diploma in Mechanical Engineering
^ External mark 75 and Internal mark 25
^^ Minimum external mark 30 in the theory and 38 in the practical. When internal and external marks
are put together minimum 40 in the theory and 50 in the practical.
2453 Elective Theory – I 2455 Elective Practical –I
2481 - R & A/C Estimation and Design 2486 - R & A/C Estimation and Design Lab
2482 - Cryogenic Engineering 2487 - Cryogenic Engineering Lab
2484 - Industrial refrigeration 2489 - Industrial refrigeration Lab
VI SEMESTER
Scheme of Examination
Sl. Subjects Hours / Duration ^^Min.
Name of Subject ^Total
No Code week of Exam Marks
Marks
Hours for Pass
1. 2067Quantity Survey Applications 6 3 75+25 30
2. 2463Elective Theory – II 6 3 75+25 30
3. 2068Building services and equipment 5 3 75+25 30
4. 2456English communication Practical 6 3 75+25 38
5. 2465Elective Practical - II 6 3 75+25 38
6. 2066Project work, Entrepreneur ship & 6 3 75+25 38
Personal Skills *
* Common with Diploma in Mechanical Engineering
^ External mark 75 and Internal mark 25
^^ Minimum external mark 30 in the theory and 38 in the practical. When internal and external marks
are put together minimum 40 in the theory and 50 in the practical.
2463 Elective Theory -II 2465 Elective Practical -II
2472 - R & A/C Applications 2477 - R & A/C Applications Lab
2473 - Food processing and preservation 2478 - Food processing and preservation Lab
2483 - HVAC Instrumentation & Control 2488 - HVAC Instrumentation and Control Lab
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III SEMESTER
2041 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS
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Ignition systems – compression and spark ignition – coil, magneto and electronic
ignition systems – governing of I.C. engines - quantity and quality governing – cooling
systems – air cooling – water cooling - merits and demerits.
Lubrication – purpose - properties of lubricants –types of lubrication systems – oil
pump and oil filters – scavenging – super charging – effects and applications – turbo charger.
Reference books:
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 5
2043 ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
5 Hours/ Week Total Hours: 70 Hrs
Major Divisions
Unit I - DC circuits, Magnetism and Instruments
Unit II - AC fundamentals and transformer
Unit III - DC and AC Motors, wiring and Electrical Safety
Unit IV - Basic Electronics
Unit V - Logic Gates and PLC
References:
1. Fundamentals of Electrical and Electronics Engineering by B.L.Theraja, S.Chand & Co.,
2. Fundamentals of Electrical and Electronics Engineering – 3rd Edition by T.Thiyagarajan,
Scitech Publications (India) Pvt Ltd.., 7/3C, Madley Road, T.Nagar, Chennai 17. –
3. Automation, Production System and Computer Integrated Manufacturing – Mikell P. Groover,
PHI Pvt. Ltd.,
4. Electrical Design Estimating and Costing KB Raina & S.K.Battachariya, Willey Eastern Ltd.,
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2471 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING MACHINES
5 Hours / Week Total Hours : 70
UNIT – I
a. COMPRESSORS - Reciprocation compressor – Constructional details and working of single
acting single stage reciprocating compressor – Classification – Rotary compressor – Roller type
compressor - vane type compressor – Centrifugal compressor – Comparison of centrifugal with
reciprocating compressor
b. CONDENSERS - Working of condensers – factors affecting condensing capacity – Types of
cooling medium – Quantity of cooling medium - amount of condensing surface- velocity of cooling
medium - Air cooled condensers – Natural convection air cooled condenser – forced convection air
cooled condenser – Chassis mounted - remote air cooled condenser - Water cooled condenser – waste
water system - Recirculated water system – Types of water cooled condensers – Tube in tube - Shell
and coil, Shell and tube condensers - Evaporative condenser
UNIT II
a. EVAPORATORS - Types of evaporators – Bare type coil evaporator - finned evaporator –
Plate evaporator – Shell and tube evaporator – Shell and coil evaporator – Tube in tube flooded
evaporator – Dry expansion evaporator – Natural convection evaporator – No problem – distributors.
b. EXPANSION DEVICES - Types of expansion devices – capillary tube - Hand operated
expansion valve - automatic expansion valve – Thermostatic expansion valve – Thermostatic
expansion valve with internal equalizer - external equalizer – low side float valve – High side float
valve.
UNIT III
a. COOLING TOWERS AND SPRAY PONDS - Types of cooling towers – Natural draft
cooling towers – Atmospheric natural draft spray type – Atmospheric natural draft splash – deck type
cooling towers – Mechanical draft cooling towers – Forced draft, induced draft – Advantages and
disadvantages of mechanical draft and natural draft cooling tower.
b. HUMIDIFIERS AND DEHUMIDIFIERS - Method of humidification – injecting the steam
– steam injection type humidifier – Atomizing the water - Atomization types – Impact type –
Hydraulic separation type – Mechanical separation type – Heated air type – Air washer humidifier -
Dehumidification – Reducing the air temperature below DPT or by refrigeration spray type
humidifier..
UNIT IV
a. AIR CLEANING & AIR FILTERS - Advantages of removal of impurities – Effect of dust
on health – method of air cleaning – Air filters – Dry filters – Viscous filters – Wet filters – Electric
filters – Centrifugal dust collectors.
b. FANS AND BLOWERS - Introduction – Forced draft – ID fan – fan types - centrifugal and
axial flow propeller fan - tube axial fan - van axial fans – fans in series - fan is parallel.
UNIT V
a. REFRIGERANT PIPING - Piping materials – joints and fittings – low pressure vapour line
sizing and layouts – high pressure vapour line sizing and layouts – liquid line sizing and layouts –
refrigerant piping for multiple compressor and multiple evaporator systems – pressure losses in piping
b. ACCESSORIES AND CONTROLS – Compressor service valves – use of gauge manifold –
vibration eliminators – pressure controls – temperature controls – oil separator – oil pressure control
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switches – liquid receivers – liquid receiver service valves – purge valves – pressure relief valves –
filters and driers – sight glasses – solenoid valves – suction accumulators – suction pressure regulators
– relays and overload protecting devices
Common list of Reference Books for all the Refrigeration and Air-conditioning
subjects:
2. Determining flash and fire points of the given oil using closed cup apparatus.
3. Determining the absolute viscosity of the given lubricating oil using Redwood viscometer.
4. Determining the absolute viscosity of the given lubricating oil using Saybolt viscometer.
5. Determining the calorific value of the given solid fuel using Bomb calorimeter.
6. Determining the calorific value of the given liquid fuel using Bomb calorimeter.
7. Determining the calorific value of the given gaseous fuel using Junker’s gas calorimeter.
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 9
9. Study of diesel engine and its components.
22. Visit to thermal power plant , hydal power plant and nuclear power plants is suggested.
List of Experiments:
1. Measurement of unknown resistances using Ohm’s law.
2. Measurement of power in single phase circuit by ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter methods.
3. Open circuit and short circuit test on a single phase transformer to find the losses and
efficiency
4. Starting offer a single phase induction motor by DOL starter and noting the no load current.
5. Load test on DC shunt motor to find the efficiency.
6. Load test on a three phase Induction motor at various loads to find the efficiency.
7. Study of starters (3 point, DOL and star delta starters)
8. VI characteristics of a PN junction diode.
9. VI characteristics of a SCR
10. Construction of a half wave rectifier without filter.
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 10
11. Construction of a bridge wave rectifier without filter.
12. Measurement of voltage, current and resistance by using multimeter (both analog and digital)
in all the ranges.
13. Verification of truth table for AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND, EXOR and EXNOR gates.
14. Study of PLC system.
15. R-L-C Series circuit
16. Power and pf of the tube light
17. Power measurement by 2 watt meter
18. Zener Diode characteristics
19. LDR & LED characteristics
20. Transistor characteristics (c.e).
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 11
Note : The dimensions may be modified according to the materials available
II - Metrology
Objective:
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
• Identify various measuring instruments
• Use various measuring instruments
• Select proper instruments for measuring
• Identify and determine the accuracy of the measuring instruments
• Measure component dimensions accurately
Syllabus:
1. Introduction to linear measurement
2. Introduction to angular measurement
3. Introduction to surface measurements
4. Linear Measuring Instruments –Vernier Caliper, Micrometer, Inside Micrometer,
Vernier Height gauge ,Depth Gauge And Slip Gauge.
5. Angular Measuring Instruments – Universal Bevel Protractor, Sine Bar.
6. Comparator-Mechanical comparators and Pneumatic comparators.
Exercises:
I. Linear Measurements:
1. Determination of the thickness of ground MS flat to an accuracy of 0.02mm using vernier
caliper.
2. Determination of the diameter and length of a turned cylindrical (turned in lathe exercise) to an
accuracy of 0.02mm using vernier caliper.
3. Determination of the inside diameter of a bush component to an accuracy off 0.02 using vernier
caliper.
4. Determination of diameter of a cylindrical component to an accuracy of 0.01mm using
micrometer and check the result with digital micrometer
5. Determination of inside diameter of the bore of a bush cylindrical component to an accuracy of
0.01mm using inside micrometer.
6. Determine the heights of gauge blocks or parallel bars to accuracy of 0.02mm using vernier
height gauge and check the result with digital vernier height gauge.
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 12
7. Determine the depth of a blind bore component to an accuracy of 0.02mm using vernier depth
gauge
8. Determine the thickness of ground MS plates using slip gauges
Marks Duration
IV. Record 25
Total 100 3 Hrs.
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 13
IV SEMESTER
2451 – REFRIGERATION
6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 84
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 14
UNIT V – NON CONVENTIONAL METHODS OF REFRIGERATION AND
DEFROSTING METHODS
(A) Non Conventional Methods Of Refrigeration
Seeback effect – Peltier effect – Thomson effect – Thermoelectric refrigeration system –
Vortex tube – Refrigerant mixtures – Cooling by Adiabatic Demagnetization – Pulse tube refrigeration
(B) Methods Of Defrosting
Necessity for defrosting – Manual defrosting – Automatic periodic defrosting – solid and liquid
absorbents – water defrosting – defrosting by reversing cycle - Reverse cycle defrosting – Electric
defrosting.- automatic hot gas defrosting – thermo-bank defrosting – electric air switch defrosting –
two outdoor units – multiple evaporator defrosting
2452 – AIR-CONDITIONING
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 15
volume(CAV) and variable air volume(VAV) systems – Clean rooms – classification – Air flow
pattern in clean rooms – Air filtration – Air filters – Fitting and maintenance of filters
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 16
Hydraulics turbines – classifications – Pelton wheel – components and working – speed
regulation – work done and efficiency of Pelton wheel – working proportions - problems – Francis and
Kaplan turbines – components and working – draft tube – functions and types – surge tank – simple
surge tank – differences between impulse and reaction turbines.
REFERNCE BOOKS :
1. Hydraulic Machines - Jagadishlal
2. Fluid Mechanic and Hydraulic Machines - R.K. Bansal
3. Hydraulics & Hydraulic Machines - R.S. Khurmi
4. Hydraulics Hand Book - R.H. Warring
5. A Text Book of Hydraulics - R.K. Rajput
6. Pneumatics & Hydraulics - Harry. L. Stewart
7. Introduction to Pneumatics - FESTO manual
8. Fundamentals of Pneumatic Control Engineering - FESTO manual
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 17
2034 MACHINE DRAWING-AUTOCAD LAB
3. Evaporative condenser
4. Flooded evaporator
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 18
9. Simple duct drawings and piping drawings.
2036 WORKSHOP – I
FOUNDRY, WELDING & SMITHY
6 Hours / Week Total Hours: 84 Hrs
FOUNDRY
Objectives:
At the end of the course the student will be able to
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 20
Syllabus:
1. Introduction to study of tools and equipments.
2. Types of patterns
3. Types of sand
4. Preparation of sand moulds
5. Furnaces, crucible furnace, melting of non-ferrous metal
6. Making of castings by sand moulds
7. Core sands, preparation of cores.
Exercises:
Preparation of sand mould:
1. Solid pattern
a. Stepped pulley
b. Bearing top
c. Gear wheel
2. Split pattern
a. Pipe bend
b. Thumbles
3. Study of Core making
a. Cylindrical core
4. Melting and casting - (Not for Examination, only for Class exercises)
Melting non ferrous metal and making sand casting using any one of the pattern
in any one of the following furnace.
a. Oil fired crucible furnace
b. Pit furnace
WELDING
Objectives:
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
acquire knowledge about welding transformer, generator and select proper electrode and
welding current.
adjust oxyacetylene flame
prepare different types of edges
form uniform beeding
identify different welding defects
Syllabus:
1. Introduction to safety in welding shop
2. Introduction to hand tools and equipments
3. Arc and gas welding equipments
4. Types of joints
5. Defects in welded joints
Exercises:
1. Arc welding
a. Lap joint (Material : 25mm x 3mm Ms Flat)
b. Butt joint (Material : 25mm x 6mm Ms Flat)
c. T- joint (Material : 25mm x 3mm Ms Flat)
d. Corner joint (Material : 25mm x 3mm Ms Flat)
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 21
2. Gas welding
a. Lap joint (Material : 25mm x 3mm Ms Flat)
b. Butt joint (Material : 25mm x 6mm Ms Flat)
c. Gas cutting : Profile cutting
3. Soldering and Brazing (Demonstration only)
SMITHY
Objectives:
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
identify the tools and equipments used in smithy
use proper tools and equipments
operate smith furnace
identify the various operation in smithy
make components in smithy
Syllabus:
1. Introduction to safety in smithy shop
2. Introduction of hand tools and equipments
3. Details of operations done in smithy
4. Identify the defect in smith forged components
Exercises:
1. Round rod to hexagonal rod
2. Round rod to square rod
3. Round rod to square headed bolt
4. Round rod to hexagonal headed bolt
5. Round rod to flat with width 25mm
Material: Dia 16mm x 100mm Length
Examination scheme:
Topic Marks Duration
Foundry 35 1 ½ Hours
Any one by lot 35 1 ½ Hours
Welding / Smithy
Viva Voce 5
Record 25
Total 100 3 Hours
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 22
V SEMESTER
2061 - INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 23
UNIT IV : PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT:
Definition of management – administration – organization – theories of management –
F.W. Taylor’s and Henry Fayol‘s principles – functions of manager – planning – organizing –
types of organization – line, staff, Taylor’s pure functional types – line and staff and committee
type – directing – leadership – types of leadership – qualities of a good leader - communication
– formal and informal communication – motivation – positive and negative motivation -
controlling - Just In Time - Total Quality Management - Quality Circle and Zero Defect
concept - Management Information Systems.
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT :
Responsibility of human resource management – policies and functions – selection
procedure – training of workers – apprentice training, on the job training and vestibule school
training - job evaluation and merit rating – objectives and importance - wages and salary
administration – components of wages – wage fixation – types of wage payment – time rate
systems – Halsey’s 50% plan, Rowan’s system and Emerson’s efficiency plan – problems.
REFERENCES :
1. Industrial Engineering And Management - O.P. Khanna.
2. Engineering Economics And Management - T.R. Banga & S.C. Sharma.
ELECTIVE THEORY – I
2453 - 2481– REFRIGERATION & AIR-CONDITIONING ESTIMATION AND DESIGN
6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 84
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 24
UNIT II – RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER AND HEAT EXCHANGERS
Radiation – Reflection, Absorption & transmittance of Radiation – Emissivity – Black body
concept - Stefan Boltzman law – Grey body concept – No problem – No derivation
Introduction – Log mean temperature difference LMTD – heat transfer in parallel flow, counter
flow and cross flow heat exchangers – Overall heat transfer coefficient – Simple problems on Heat
exchangers – Advantages and disadvantages - Temperature distribution in condenser & evaporator.
ELECTIVE PRACTICAL – I
2455 - 2486 – R&A/C ESTIMATION AND DESIGN LAB
ELECTIVE THEORY – I
2453 - 2482 - CRYOGENICS ENGINEERING
5 Hours / Week Total Hours : 70
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 26
Reference Book :
1. Barrans. A Tata Mc Graw Hill Publications
2. A text book for a Refrigeration & Air Conditioning – Domkundwar & Arrora Danpat Rai &
Sons.
ELECTIVE PRACTICAL – I
2455 - 2487 – CRYOGENICS ENGINEERING LAB
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 27
UNIT III - DESIGN BASIS:-
Definitions – Use of codes and standards – Loading conditions – Design pressure – Design
temperature – Dead weight – Wind load – Snow and ice loads – Seismic(earth quake) loads –
Hydraulic transient loads – Acoustically induced vibration loads – Relative anchor movements –
Environmental factors – Materials related consideration – Thermal insulation – Sizing a piping system
– Simple exercises.
Reference Book :-
1. PIPING HAND BOOK, 7TH EDITION, By Mohinder L Nayyar , McGraw Hill Publishers.
2. Apartment buildings
• Water supply layout
• Drainage layout
• HVAC layout
• Chilled water layout
• Fire Fighting layout
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 28
3. Commercial building
• Water supply layout
• Drainage layout
• HVAC layout
• Chilled water layout
• Fire Fighting layout
HVAC&PLUMBING drawings 40
(Drawing 30, Dimensions 10)
Viva Voce 5
Record 25
Total marks 100
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 29
2454 - REFRIGERATION LAB
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Study of refrigeration tools and instruments
2. To find the percentage running time of refrigerator with different setting of thermostat
3. To determine the refrigerating effect and cop of open type systems with thermostatic expansion
valve
4. To determine the theoretical cop of sealed system by using suction and discharge pressure
5. To determine the theoretical cop of sealed system by using suction and discharge temperature
6. To determine the cop and capacity of refrigeration plant
7. To find C.S.R terminals of a sealed compressor
8. Wiring diagram of refrigerator, water cooler, bottle cooler and deep freezer
9. Installation of gauge manifold in a open type system
10. Practice to transfer refrigerant from storage cylinder to service cylinder
11. Practice to pump down the system
12. Practice to evacuate the system
13. Practice to detect leaks in domestic refrigeration appliances
14. Practice to charge refrigerant to domestic refrigeration appliances
15. Tracing common faults in a refrigerator
16. Installing and servicing of refrigerator
17. Determination of the capacity of the cooling coil
WORKSHOP:
1. Study of various tools that are used for copper tubing operation
2. Flaring operation on copper tube
3. Pinching operation on copper tube
4. Swaging operation on copper tube
5. U bending operation on copper tube
6. Welding, brazing and soldering operation on copper tube
OUTDOOR TRIP:
1. Dairy industry
2. Chemical industry
3. Cold storage plant
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 30
VI SEMESTER
2067 – QUANTITY SURVEY APPLICATIONS
UNIT I :
INTRODUCTION - Estimation – definition of estimate – approximate estimate – detailed
estimate – revised estimate – supplementary estimate – sub estimate – annual maintenance estimate –
repair estimate – complete estimate.
STAGES OF DEAILED ESTIMATE – Taking of quantities – systems – trade system – group
system – advantages of group system – preparation of data – abstract estimate – lump sum provision
and contingencies – quantity surveyor – duties – essential requirements
UNIT II:
Units of measurements of works and materials – Degree of accuracy in measurements – out
turn of work for each labour – working out of material requirements – simple problems on material
calculation for duct work
GROUP SYSTEM – Theory – taking off and recording dimensions – abstracting or working up
– billing – abbreviations
UNIT III:
PROCESS OF WRITING – Dimension paper, time sing, dimension and squaring – descriptive
column – cancellation of dimensions – descriptions – spacing of dimensions – order of taking off –
squaring the dimensions – method of squaring – checking the squaring – casting up the dimensions
ABSTRACT ESTIMATE AND BILLING – Function of the abstract – order in the abstract –
preparing the abstract – casting and reducing the abstract – method of writing bill – checking the bill –
taking off quantities for varieties of ac units using group systems
UNIT IV:
Data – theory – main and sub data – observed data – lead statement – schedule of notes –
standard data book – sundries – lump sum provision – preparation of data using standard data and
schedule of notes
Specification – definition – types of specifications – essential requirements of specifications –
specifications of various construction works – steps involved in standard specifications – report writing
– definition – points to be considered while writing a report
UNIT V:
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 31
Contract – advise on form of contract – preparation of tender documents – advise on obtaining
tenders – examination of tenders – valuation of work in progress – cost control – final account
COSTS – Labour cost – direct cost – on cost – material cost – plant costs – assemble
preliminaries cost
ESTIMATION OF MATERIALS AND COSTS FOR – AC units installation in residential &
commercial buildings, multi-storied buildings, humidification plants in textile mills etc.
Reference books:
1. Quantity surveying by P.L.Bhasir & Co.
2. Quantity surveying and valuation by N.A.Shaw, Kanna Publishers
3. I.S.Code of practice - I.S.1200
4. Quantity survey applications – Dubai Institute of Business Management
ELECTIVE THEORY – II
2463 - 2472 – REFRIGERATION & AIR–CONDITIONING APPLICATIONS
6 Hours / Week Total Hours : 84
Introduction – factors contributing to food spoilage - causes of food spoilage – freezing – slow
freezing – quick freezing – freezing by immersion – freezing by indirect method – air blast freezing –
Direct contact freezing – Types of freezers – Contractors plate freezer – inline freezer – blast freezer –
Vacuum cooling for tools.
(B) TRUCKS AND TRAILERS - Types of trucks and trailers – body design and construction –
Auxiliary equipment- refrigeration system
(C) RAILWAY REFRIGERATOR CARS - Types of cars – body construction – refrigeration system
– controls and auxiliary equipment.
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UNIT IV – COMFORT AIR – CONDITIONING
A) RESIDENTIAL AIR CONDITIONING - Types of equipment – types of system – year round air
conditioners – locations of equipment – sound control – air distribution methods.
B) PUBLIC BUILDING AIR CONDITIONING - General and special design factors – zoning
requirements – solar heat gain – internal loads – Ventilation requirements – cooling load requirements
– system details (any two)
E) AIR CRAFT AIR CONDITIONING - Design conditions – vapour cycle system – temperature
control - cabin pressurization control cargo - compartment – supersonic transport.
B) HOSPITAL AIR CONDITIONING - Infection, air quality and cleaning system – design
criteria for major service areas – surgical departments – intense care departments – blood bank
ELECTIVE PRACTICAL – II
2465 - 2477 – REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING APPLICATION LAB
UNIT I:
CONSTITUENTS OF FOODS – Carbohydrates – proteins – fats natural emulsifiers – organic
acids – oxidants and antioxidants – enzymes – pigments and colours – flavours – vitamins and
minerals – natural toxicants – water – properties and significance of all the above constituents
UNIT II:
FOOD SPOILAGE FACTORS AND THEIR CONTROL – Introduction – causes of food
spoilage – bacteria, yeasts and molds – natural food enzymes – heat and cold – moisture and dryness –
air and oxygen – light – time – control of spoilage – various methods of preservation – heating,
cooling, freezing, dehydrating, irradiating, smoking, adding chemicals etc.
UNIT III:
HEAT PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION – Sterilization – pasteurization – blanching –
heat resistant of micro organisms – thermal death curves – margin of safety – problems in heat transfer
– cold point and access time – temperature and time combinations – heating food in containers – still
retort – agitating – pressure considerations – hydrostatic cooker and cooler – direct flame sterilization
– in-package pasteurization – heating food before packing – batch and HTST pasteurization –
asceptive canning - hot pack and hot fill – flash18 process – microwave heating
UNIT IV:
PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION OF MEAT, POULTRY, POULTRY AND SEA
FOODS – Meat products – grading – slaughtering practices – ageing, artificial tenderizing, smoking,
cooking and curing of meat – meat colour changes – sausages and table ready meats – freezing of meat
– poultry products – processing plant operations – tenderness and flavour - eggs – composition and
spoilage factors – sea foods – shipboard and processing plant operations – freezing and other methods
of preservation – canning of fish – fish meal and fish flour – mercury and other problems
UNIT V:
FOOD PACKAGING – Containers – functions and requirements – classification – packaging
materials – properties and applications – primary, secondary and hermetic closure types of containers –
metals, glass, papers, plastics and films, laminates and edible films – special features packages – boil
in bag, fiber board or foil fiber board can, plastic shrink package, aerosol container etc. – other
important considerations
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 35
REFRIGERATED TRANSPORT AND FOOD DISTRIBUTION – Pre-cooling of foods –
methods of pre-cooling – refrigerated trucks and trailers – rail road refrigerated cars – marine transport
– air transport – body design and constructional details – methods of refrigeration – ice bunker
refrigeration, mechanical refrigeration with conventional Freon refrigerants, liquid nitrogen
refrigeration and other methods – refrigeration system details – controls and accessories – advantages
and applications – transporting food with refrigerated containers
Reference books:
ELECTIVE PRACTICAL – II
2465 - 2478 – FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LAB
UNIT IV :- DRAINAGE
Principles of Drainage below ground – Means of access – Sewage pumping – Centrifugal
pumps – Drainage pipe materials – Drain laying - Use of soak ways – Garage drainage – Drain Testing
and Inspection – Sub soil drainage – Grease traps.
Principles of Drainage above ground (soil and waste system ) – Loss of water seal in traps –
Two or dual pipe system – One pipe system – Single stack system - Resealing and anti-siphon traps –
Modified one pipe system – Materials used.
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 37
Reference Books :-
1) Building services and Equipment Vol I & Vol II by F.HALL, Publisher - Pearson Longman
2) Plumbing Engineering services Design Guide, Publisher- The Institute of Plumbing, Essex,
U.K
3) Plumbing – Mechanical services By G.J. Blower, Publisher-Pearson-prentice hall
Jpi-pacrpoly-2007 38
*2) Entrepreneurship: 10 Marks
Qualities of an entrepreneur
Expectations of entrepreneurship
Importance of SSI
Assistances offered to SSI
Feasibility study
Services of finance for SSI
The students will be given a letter writing exercise on the day of the exam. He will be given a
problem about which he has to write a letter to a firm or organization - valuation will be done on the
day of exam.
Each student will be given a topic on general nature and asked to speak an subject for 5
mts, in front of the rest of the students. Internal and External examiner will assess each student.
A group of 6 students selected by lots will be given a specific topic for group discussion. The
examiners will evaluate each student by 1) participation 2) respecting others view 3)
accepting ones own mistake 4) reaction 5) team spirit etc.
7) Interview : 10 Marks
The student will be asked to present himself in formal dress for attending interview. He will
have to answer the question in English only. The topic for the interview may be the project or any
other relevant subject.
*N.B: For the topics (2,3 & 4) question paper has to be set by the examiners. Students will
have to give answers in writing during examination.
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