Drug Study Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) Bactrim, Co-Trimoxazole, Septra

Action: Fixed combination of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), an intermediate acting antiinfective sulfonamide, and trimethoprim (TMP), a synthetic antiinfective. Both components of the combination are synthetic folate antagonist antiinfectives. Mechanism of action is principally enzyme inhibition, which prevents bacterial synthesis of essential nucleic acids and proteins. Classifications: antiinfective; urinary tract agent; sulfonamide indication: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, Shigellosis enteritis, and severe complicated UTIs due to most strains of the Enterobacteriaceae. Also children with acute otitis media due to susceptible strains of Haemophilus influenzae, and acute episodes of chronic bronchitis in adults.

Erythromycin
Action: Macrolide antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces erythreus. Bacteriostatic or bactericidal, depending on nature of organism and drug concentration used. Classification: ANTIINFECTIVE; MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTIC Indication: Pneumococcal pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (primary atypical pneumonia), acute pelvic inflammatory disease caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae in females sensitive to penicillin, infections caused by susceptible strains of staphylococci, streptococci, and certain strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Also used in intestinal amebiasis, Legionnaires disease, uncomplicated urethral, endocervical, and rectal infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, for prophylaxis of ophthalmia neonatorum caused by N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, and for chlamydial conjunctivitis in neonates. Considered an acceptable alternative to penicillin for treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis, for prophylaxis of rheumatic fever and bacterial endocarditis, for treatment of diphtheria as adjunct to antitoxin and for carrier state, and as alternate choice in treatment of primary syphilis in patients allergic to penicillins. Topical applications: Pyodermas, acne vulgaris, and external ocular infections, including neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis and gonococcal ophthalmia.

Epinephrine
Bronkaid Mist, Epi-E-Zpen, Epinephrine Pediatric, EpiPen Auto-Injector, Primatene Mist Suspension

Action: Naturally occurring catecholamine obtained from animal adrenal glands; also prepared synthetically. Acts directly on both alpha and beta receptors; the most potent activator of alpha receptors. Strengthens myocardial contraction; increases systolic but may decrease diastolic blood pressure; increases cardiac rate and cardiac output. Classifications: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENT; ALPHA- AND BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONIST; BRONCHODILATOR Indication: Temporary relief of bronchospasm, acute asthmatic attack, mucosal congestion, hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions, syncope due to heart block or carotid sinus hypersensitivity, and to restore cardiac rhythm in cardiac arrest. Ophthalmic preparation is used in management of simple (open-angle) glaucoma, generally as an adjunct to topical miotics and oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors; also used as ophthalmic decongestant. Relaxes myometrium and inhibits uterine contractions; prolongs action and delays systemic absorption of local and intraspinal anesthetics. Used topically to control superficial bleeding.
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetic amines; narrow-angle glaucoma; hemorrhagic, traumatic, or cardiogenic shock; cardiac dilatation, cerebral arteriosclerosis, coronary insufficiency, arrhythmias, organic heart or brain disease; during second stage of labor; for local anesthesia of fingers, toes, ears, nose, genitalia. Safety during pregnancy (category C) or lactation is not established.

AMINOPHYLLINE
Aminophylline is a salt of theophylline with effects similar to those of other xanthines (e.g., caffeine and theobromine). Action is dependent on theophylline content (approximately 80%) and is measured as theophylline in the serum. Classifications: BRONCHODILATOR (RESPIRATORY SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXANT); XANTHINE Indication: To prevent and relieve symptoms of acute bronchial asthma and treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Aminophylline is a salt of theophylline with effects similar to those of other xanthines (e.g., caffeine and theobromine). Action is dependent on theophylline content (approximately 80%) and is measured as theophylline in the serum.
Dosage & Route