.

What will be the output of the program?

public class Foo { public static void main(String[] args) { try { return; } finally { System.out.println( "Finally" ); } } } A. B. C. D. Finally Compilation fails. The code runs with no output. An exception is thrown at runtime.

View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum 2.

What will be the output of the program?

try { int x = 0; int y = 5 / x; } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Exception"); } catch (ArithmeticException ae) { System.out.println(" Arithmetic Exception"); } System.out.println("finished"); A. C. finished Compilation fails. B. D. Exception Arithmetic Exception

View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

3.

What will be the output of the program?

public class X { public static void main(String [] args) { try { badMethod(); System.out.print("A"); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.print("B"); } finally { System.out.print("C"); } System.out.print("D"); } public static void badMethod() { throw new Error(); /* Line 22 */ } } A. B. C. D. ABCD Compilation fails. C is printed before exiting with an error message. BC is printed before exiting with an error message.

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4.

What will be the output of the program?

public class X { public static void main(String [] args) { try { badMethod(); System.out.print("A"); } catch (RuntimeException ex) /* Line 10 */ { System.out.print("B");

} catch (Exception ex1) { System.out.print("C"); } finally { System.out.print("D"); } System.out.print("E"); } public static void badMethod() { throw new RuntimeException(); } } A. C. BD BDE B. D. BCD BCDE

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5.

What will be the output of the program?

public class RTExcept { public static void throwit () { System.out.print("throwit "); throw new RuntimeException(); } public static void main(String [] args) { try { System.out.print("hello "); throwit(); } catch (Exception re ) { System.out.print("caught "); } finally { System.out.print("finally "); } System.out.println("after "); } } A. B. hello throwit caught Compilation fails

C. D.

hello throwit RuntimeException caught after hello throwit caught finally after

View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum What will be the output of the program?

public class Test { public static void aMethod() throws Exception { try /* Line 5 */ { throw new Exception(); /* Line 7 */ } finally /* Line 9 */ { System.out.println("finally"); /* Line 11 */ } } public static void main(String args[]) { try { aMethod(); } catch (Exception e) /* Line 20 */ { System.out.println("exception"); } System.out.println("finished"); /* Line 24 */ } } A. B. C. D. finally exception finished finally exception finished Compilation fails

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C Explanation: This is what happens: (1) The execution of the try block (line 5) completes abruptly because of the throwstatement

(line 7). (2) The exception cannot be assigned to the parameter of any catch clause of the try statement therefore the finally block is executed (line 9) and "finally" is output (line 11). (3) The finally block completes normally, and then the try statement completes abruptly because of the throw statement (line 7). (4) The exception is propagated up the call stack and is caught by the catch in the main method (line 20). This prints "exception". (5) Lastly program execution continues, because the exception has been caught, and "finished" is output (line 24). View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum 7.

What will be the output of the program?

public class X { public static void main(String [] args) { try { badMethod(); System.out.print("A"); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.print("B"); } finally { System.out.print("C"); } System.out.print("D"); } public static void badMethod() {} } A. C. AC ACD B. D. BC ABCD

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C Explanation: There is no exception thrown, so all the code with the exception of the catch statement block is

run. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

8.

What will be the output of the program?

public class X { public static void main(String [] args) { try { badMethod(); /* Line 7 */ System.out.print("A"); } catch (Exception ex) /* Line 10 */ { System.out.print("B"); /* Line 12 */ } finally /* Line 14 */ { System.out.print("C"); /* Line 16 */ } System.out.print("D"); /* Line 18 */ } public static void badMethod() { throw new RuntimeException(); } } A. C. AB ABC B. D. BC BCD

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option D Explanation: (1) A RuntimeException is thrown, this is a subclass of exception. (2) The exception causes the try to complete abruptly (line 7) therefore line 8 is never executed. (3) The exception is caught (line 10) and "B" is output (line 12) (4) The finally block (line 14) is always executed and "C" is output (line 16). (5) The exception was caught, so the program continues with line 18 and outputs "D". View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

9.

What will be the output of the program?

public class MyProgram { public static void main(String args[]) { try { System.out.print("Hello world "); } finally { System.out.println("Finally executing "); } } } A. B. C. D. Nothing. The program will not compile because no exceptions are specified. Nothing. The program will not compile because no catch clauses are specified. Hello world. Hello world Finally executing

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option D Explanation: Finally clauses are always executed. The program will first execute the try block, printing Hello world, and will then execute the finally block, printing Finally executing. Option A, B, and C are incorrect based on the program logic described above. Remember that either a catch or a finally statement must follow a try. Since the finally is present, the catch is not required.

THREADS
1. Which areas of memory do separate threads share? Circle all that are correct. 1. Call stack 2. Heap

3. Static memory 4. They don't share any memory. 2. If cooperative multithreading is used, which of the following causes a thread to give up use of the CPU? Circle all that are correct. 1. Expiration of its time-slice. 2. Blocking by an IO request. 3. A call to yield(). 4. Call to a synchronized method which is being executed by another thread. 5. Call to a unsynchronized method which is being executed by another thread. 3. Which are correct statements about processes / tasks and threads? Circle all that are correct. 1. Processes share the same virtual memory; threads do not. 2. The communication cost is lower between threads than between processes. 3. Multiple processes can only be run on CPUs with mulitple CPUs, but threads can be run even if there is one CPU. 4. When you run several programs in your system (eg, a word processor, a browser, etc), they are started as separate threads (not processes). 4. Which are true statements about calling a GUI listener (eg, on a JButton). Circle all that are correct. 1. Java starts a separate thread for each listener. 2. Long calculations which are performed by a listener will block the GUI from responding to user actions. 3. The user should start a separate thread for long CPU-intensive listener calculations. 4. There is no need to create a separate thread for a long listener calculation if the calculation performs operations that frequently allow other threads to use the CPU. 5. Which classes can be used to create new threads? Circle all that are correct. 1. Any class which is a subclass of Thread. 2. Any class which implements the Runnable interface. 3. Every class because every object has its own monitor. 6. In which situations are threads used or should be considered? Assume there is only one CPU on the machine the programming is running on. Circle all that are correct. 1. CPU intensive operations which can be computed in parallel may be run on separate threads to improve performance. 2. Multiple IO operations (eg, loading data from several network sources) can be performed in parallel by using separate threads to reduce the total wait time. 3. Operations that require a timer. 4. Long GUI calculations.

5. Using large, slow (eg, O(N)), data structures.

7. import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import java.util.Random; public class WhackTheMole implements ActionListener { // declare variables private JTextField timeLeftTextField, scoreTextField; private JLabel timeLeftLabel, scoreLabel; private JButton startButton; private JButton[] buttons; private int gameTimeInSeconds = 0; public WhackTheMole() { JFrame frame = new JFrame(); frame.setTitle("Whack-a-Mole game"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // ********************** // CENTER frame on screen. Toolkit tk = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit(); // create ToolKit object Dimension d = tk.getScreenSize(); method to return a // use getScreenSize()

// Dimension object that has d.width and d.height parameters int width = 600; int height = 500; frame.setBounds((d.width - width) / 2, (d.height - height) / 2, width, height); // ********************** Font fixedFont = new Font("Courier New", Font.BOLD, 12); // A font that will be reused // instantiate variables of components of GUI - Labels timeLeftLabel = new JLabel("Time Left:"); scoreLabel = new JLabel("Score:"); // instantiate and initialize variables of components of GUI TextFields + 1st button timeLeftTextField = new JTextField("0",10); scoreTextField = new JTextField("0",10); timeLeftTextField.setFont(fixedFont); scoreTextField.setFont(fixedFont); // disallow manually edit from these text fields timeLeftTextField.setEditable(false); scoreTextField.setEditable(false); startButton = new JButton("start"); // create first panel and add components JPanel inputPanel = new JPanel();

inputPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER)); inputPanel.add(startButton); inputPanel.add(timeLeftLabel); inputPanel.add(timeLeftTextField); inputPanel.add(scoreLabel); inputPanel.add(scoreTextField); // instantiate mole Buttons, panel and add button components final int GRID_BUTTONS_COUNT = 100; buttons = new JButton[GRID_BUTTONS_COUNT]; // construct mole buttons JPanel molePanel = new JPanel(); molePanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(10,10,5,5)); for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) { buttons[i] = new JButton(); // initialize all mole buttons buttons[i].addActionListener(this); // add a listener to each button created molePanel.add(buttons[i]); } JPanel panel = new JPanel(); panel.add(inputPanel); panel.add(molePanel); molePanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(550, 400)); // Listeners startButton.addActionListener(this); frame.setContentPane(panel); frame.setVisible(true); } // main method public static void main(String[] args) { new WhackTheMole(); } // implementation of method of ActionListener interface - handles Action events public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { Object source = e.getSource(); if (source == startButton) { int countDownStart = 20; int initialScore = 0; // reset the timer, score and buttons if (timeLeftTextField.getText().equals("0")) { timeLeftTextField.setText(Integer.toString(countDownStart)); scoreTextField.setText(Integer.toString(initialScore)); for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) {

buttons[i].setText(""); } gameTimeInSeconds = Integer.parseInt(timeLeftTextField.getText()); // create a Runnable object - call it r CountDown r = new CountDown(gameTimeInSeconds, timeLeftTextField, buttons); Thread timer = new Thread(r); // create timer Thread object Thread mole = new Thread(r); // create mole Thread object // invoke start() method on Thread instances timer.start(); mole.start(); } } else // if you did not click a startButton then you clicked a mole button... { // =========== String moleLabel_on = ":-)"; String moleLabel_off = " "; for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) { if (source == buttons[i]) { if (buttons[i].getText().equals(moleLabel_on)) { // label = String.valueOf(i); buttons[i].setText(moleLabel_off); int newScore = Integer.parseInt(scoreTextField.getText()) + 1; scoreTextField.setText(Integer.toString(newScore)); } break; } } // ============ } } } class CountDown implements Runnable { private int gameTimeInSecs; private JTextField textField; private static final String OFF_STRING = ""; private static final String ON_STRING = ":-)"; private JButton[] buttons; private Random random = new Random();

public CountDown(int gameTimeInSecs, JTextField f, JButton[] mb) { this.gameTimeInSecs = gameTimeInSecs; textField = f; buttons = mb; } public void run() { for (int i = gameTimeInSecs; i >= 0; i--) { makeMolePop(); try { Thread.sleep(1000); // count down in seconds textField.setText(Integer.toString(i)); // display in text field } catch (InterruptedException e) {System.out.println("Timer Thread Interrupted\n");} } } public synchronized void makeMolePop() { if (Integer.parseInt(textField.getText()) > 0) { //ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon("mole_16.gif"); int randomLightNum = random.nextInt(buttons.length); JButton b = buttons[randomLightNum]; if (b.getText().equals(OFF_STRING)) { b.setText(ON_STRING); //b.setIcon(moleIcon); try { Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e){} } else { b.setText(OFF_STRING); try {Thread.sleep(1000); catch (InterruptedException e){} } } } }

1.

What is the name of the method used to start a thread execution? A. C. init(); run(); B. D. start(); resume();

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B Explanation: Option B is Correct. The start() method causes this thread to begin execution; the Java Virtual Machine calls the run method of this thread. Option A is wrong. There is no init() method in the Thread class. Option C is wrong. The run() method of a thread is like the main() method to an application. Starting the thread causes the object's run method to be called in that separately executing thread. Option D is wrong. The resume() method is deprecated. It resumes a suspended thread. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum 2.

Which two are valid constructors for Thread? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Thread(Runnable r, String name) Thread() Thread(int priority) Thread(Runnable r, ThreadGroup g) Thread(Runnable r, int priority)

A. C.

1 and 3 1 and 2

B. D.

2 and 4 2 and 5

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C Explanation: (1) and (2) are both valid constructors for Thread. (3), (4), and (5) are not legal Thread constructors, although (4) is close. If you reverse the

arguments in (4), you'd have a valid constructor. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

3.

Which three are methods of the Object class? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. notify(); notifyAll(); isInterrupted(); synchronized(); interrupt(); wait(long msecs); sleep(long msecs); yield();

A. C.

1, 2, 4 1, 2, 6

B. D.

2, 4, 5 2, 3, 4

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C Explanation: (1), (2), and (6) are correct. They are all related to the list of threads waiting on the specified object. (3), (5), (7), and (8) are incorrect answers. The methods isInterrupted() andinterrupt() are instance methods of Thread. The methods sleep() and yield() are static methods of Thread. D is incorrect because synchronized is a keyword and the synchronized()construct is part of the Java language. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

4.

class X implements Runnable { public static void main(String args[]) { /* Missing code? */ } public void run() {} } Which of the following line of code is suitable to start a thread ?

A. B. C. D.

Thread t = new Thread(X); Thread t = new Thread(X); t.start(); X run = new X(); Thread t = new Thread(run); t.start(); Thread t = new Thread(); x.run();

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C Explanation: Option C is suitable to start a thread. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

5.

Which cannot directly cause a thread to stop executing? A. B. C. D. Calling the SetPriority() method on a Thread object. Calling the wait() method on an object. Calling notify() method on an object. Calling read() method on an InputStream object.

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C Explanation: Option C is correct. notify() - wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's monitor. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum 6. Which two of the following methods are defined in class Thread? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. start() wait() notify() run() terminate()

A. C.

1 and 4 3 and 4

B. D.

2 and 3 2 and 4

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option A Explanation: (1) and (4). Only start() and run() are defined by the Thread class. (2) and (3) are incorrect because they are methods of the Object class. (5) is incorrect because there's no such method in any thread-related class. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum 7.

Which three guarantee that a thread will leave the running state? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. yield() wait() notify() notifyAll() sleep(1000) aLiveThread.join() Thread.killThread()

A. C.

1, 2 and 4 3, 4 and 7

B. D.

2, 5 and 6 4, 5 and 7

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B Explanation: (2) is correct because wait() always causes the current thread to go into the object's wait pool. (5) is correct because sleep() will always pause the currently running thread for at least the duration specified in the sleep argument (unless an interrupted exception is thrown). (6) is correct because, assuming that the thread you're calling join() on is alive, the thread calling join() will immediately block until the thread you're callingjoin() on is no longer alive. (1) is wrong, but tempting. The yield() method is not guaranteed to cause a thread to leave the running state, although if there are runnable threads of the same priority as the currently running

thread, then the current thread will probably leave the running state. (3) and (4) are incorrect because they don't cause the thread invoking them to leave the running state. (7) is wrong because there's no such method. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

8.

Which of the following will directly stop the execution of a Thread? A. C. wait() notifyall() B. D. notify() exits synchronized code

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option A Explanation: Option A is correct. wait() causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes the notify() method or the notifyAll() method for this object. Option B is wrong. notify() - wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's monitor. Option C is wrong. notifyAll() - wakes up all threads that are waiting on this object's monitor. Option D is wrong. Typically, releasing a lock means the thread holding the lock (in other words, the thread currently in the synchronized method) exits the synchronized method. At that point, the lock is free until some other thread enters a synchronized method on that object. Does entering/exiting synchronized code mean that the thread execution stops? Not necessarily because the thread can still run code that is not synchronized. I think the word directly in the question gives us a clue. Exiting synchronized code does not directly stop the execution of a thread. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

9.

Which method must be defined by a class implementing the java.lang.Runnableinterface? A. C. void run() public void start() B. D. public void run() void run(int priority)

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation: Option B is correct because in an interface all methods are abstract by default therefore they must be overridden by the implementing class. The Runnableinterface only contains 1 method, the void run() method therefore it must be implemented. Option A and D are incorrect because they are narrowing the access privileges i.e. package(default) access is narrower than public access. Option C is not method in the Runnable interface therefore it is incorrect. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

10. Which will contain the body of the thread? A. C. run(); stop(); B. D. start(); main();

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option A Explanation: Option A is Correct. The run() method to a thread is like the main() method to an application. Starting the thread causes the object's run method to be called in that separately executing thread. Option B is wrong. The start() method causes this thread to begin execution; the Java Virtual Machine calls the run method of this thread. Option C is wrong. The stop() method is deprecated. It forces the thread to stop executing. Option D is wrong. Is the main entry point for an application. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum 11. Which method registers a thread in a thread scheduler? A. C. run(); start(); B. D. construct(); register();

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C Explanation:

Option C is correct. The start() method causes this thread to begin execution; the Java Virtual Machine calls the run method of this thread. Option A is wrong. The run() method of a thread is like the main() method to an application. Starting the thread causes the object's run method to be called in that separately executing thread. Option B is wrong. There is no construct() method in the Thread class. Option D is wrong. There is no register() method in the Thread class. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum 12. Assume the following method is properly synchronized and called from a thread A on an object B:

wait(2000);
After calling this method, when will the thread A become a candidate to get another turn at the CPU? A. B. C. D. After thread A is notified, or after two seconds. After the lock on B is released, or after two seconds. Two seconds after thread A is notified. Two seconds after lock B is released.

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option A Explanation: Option A. Either of the two events (notification or wait time expiration) will make the thread become a candidate for running again. Option B is incorrect because a waiting thread will not return to runnable when the lock is released, unless a notification occurs. Option C is incorrect because the thread will become a candidate immediately after notification, not two seconds afterwards. Option D is also incorrect because a thread will not come out of a waiting pool just because a lock has been released. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

13. Which of the following will not directly cause a thread to stop? A. C. notify() InputStream access B. D. wait() sleep()

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option A Explanation: Option A is correct. notify() - wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's monitor. Option B is wrong. wait() causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes the notify() method or the notifyAll() method for this object. Option C is wrong. Methods of the InputStream class block until input data is available, the end of the stream is detected, or an exception is thrown. Blocking means that a thread may stop until certain conditions are met. Option D is wrong. sleep() - Causes the currently executing thread to sleep (temporarily cease execution) for a specified number of milliseconds. The thread does not lose ownership of any monitors. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

14. Which class or interface defines the wait(), notify(),and notifyAll() methods? A. C. Object Runnable B. D. Thread Class

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option A Explanation: The Object class defines these thread-specific methods. Option B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not define these methods. And yes, the Java API does define a class called Class, though you do not need to know it for the exam. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum

15. Under which conditions will a currently executing thread stop? 1. 2. 3. 4. When When When When an interrupted exception occurs. a thread of higher priority is ready (becomes runnable). the thread creates a new thread. the stop() method is called.

A. C.

1 and 3 1 and 4

B. D.

2 and 4 2 and 3

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B Explanation: The statements (2) and (4) makes currently executing thread to stop. View Answer Workspace Report Discuss in Forum public class MyRunnable implements Runnable { public void run() { // some code here } } which of these will create and start this thread? A. B. C. D. new Runnable(MyRunnable).start(); new Thread(MyRunnable).run(); new Thread(new MyRunnable()).start(); new MyRunnable().start();

Answer & Explanation Answer: Option C Explanation: Because the class implements Runnable, an instance of it has to be passed to theThread constructor, and then the instance of the Thread has to be started. A is incorrect. There is no constructor like this for Runnable because Runnable is an interface, and it is illegal to pass a class or interface name to any constructor. B is incorrect for the same reason; you can't pass a class or interface name to any constructor. D is incorrect because MyRunnable doesn't have a start() method, and the onlystart() method that can start a thread of execution is the start() in the Threadclass. View Answer Workspace Report Discu