For Senior School Grade XI/Term 1

STANDART OF COMPETENCE
Understanding

atomic

structure

to

predict

the

properties of element periodical system and the properties

of compound.
BASIC COMPETENCE
Explaining the amount of electron pair theory around
the atomic nuclei and hybridization theory to predict
molecular shapes.

Name

Class

Number

VSEPR THEORY
\
The simple theory to explain molecular shape that contains of
bonding electron pair is Valence Shell Electro Pair Repulsion,VSEPR.
Based on the VSEPR theory, the molecular shape can be predicted
from the amount of central atomic valence electron pair and the
present of Lone electron pairs (LEP )
The following diagram show the sort of repulsion force between two
electron pairs :

LEP

__

LEP

>

LEP

__

BEP

>

BEP

__

BEP

ELECTRON DOMAIN THEORY

Electron Domain theory is the upgrade of VSEPR Theory.

Domain

electron means the position of electron. Amount of Electron domain can

be determined with this following way (Ralph H. Petrucci, 1985).
a. Each bonding electron pairs ( single bonding, double bonding and triple
bonding ) is calculated 1 domain.
b. Each lone electron pairs is 1 calculated domain.
Example :
Tabel 1. Contoh jumlah domain elektron

Electron pairs have repulsion properties. To minimize this repulsion

action, electron pairs tend to repel each other. Molecular shapes of
subtances depend on the number of Bonding Electron Pairs ( BEP ) and Lone
Electron Pairs (LEP). Based on the number of BEP and LEP, the basic shape
of a molecule can be predicted.

UJI KOMPETENSI 1
Determine the amount of electron domain, BEP, LEP of this following
compound, and predict the molecular geometry !
1. NH3
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

2. XeF4
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

3. SF6
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

4. SiH4
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

5. ClF3
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

6. HCOH
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

7. I3..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

Amount of electron domain ( electron pairs ) in a certain molecules

can describe with :
- Central atom can write with A.
- Bonding electron pairs can write with X.
- Lone electron pairs can write with E.
Based on explaination above, Predicting molecular shapes using electron
pairs theory can be done by using this following formula :

AXnEm

Molecular Shapes According to the Number of Electron Pairs

BEP

LEP

Molecular
Formula

Molecular
shapes

Angle

AX2

Linear

180o

AX2E

V - shaped
planar

120o

AX2E2

Bent

109,5o

AX2E3

Linier

180o

AX3

Trigonal
planar

120o

Picture

AX3E

Trigonal
Pyramidal

180o

AX3E2

T shaped
Planar

90o

AX4

Tetrahedral

109,5o

AX4E

Distorted
Tetrahedron

AX4E2

Square
planar

90o
120o

90o

90o

AX5

Trigonal
Bipyramidal

AX5E

Square
Pyramidal

90o

AX6

Octahedral

90o

120o

TASk 2
Determine the molecule formula and predict the molecular shapes of
this following compound !
1. NH3
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

2. XeF4
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

3. SF6
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

4. SiH4
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

5. ClF3
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

6. HCOH
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................

7. I3..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

EVALUATION SheeT
Predict the molecular shapes of this molecule using domain electron
theory !
1. SbCl52..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

2. BeCl2
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

3. SF4
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

4. PCl3
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

5. XeO4
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

6. SO2
..................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

7.

REFFERENCES
Cahyana,Ucu, dkk. 2005. Kimia SMA/MA kelas XI. Jakarta : Piranti
Dharma Kalokatama.
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. 2006. Kurikulum Sekolah menengah

Atas Panduan Pengembangan Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP)

Sekolah Menengah Atas Mata Pelajaran Kimia. Jakarta : DEPDIKNAS.
Justiana,Sandri dan Muchtaridi. 2009. Chemistry for Senior High

School. Jakarta : Yudhistira.

Suryanti,dkk. 2008. Model Model Pembelajaran Inovatif. Surabaya:
Unesa University Press.