Cornisa: PREVENCIN DE LA VIOLENCIA EN EL NOVIAZGO.

Violencia en el noviazgo: Una revisin de los programas de prevencin Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar, describir y analizar la eficacia y metodologa de los programas de prevencin de la violencia en el noviazgo en la adolescencia sometidos a evaluacin emprica, reseados en artculos recuperados de los sistemas de informacin REDALYC, PSICODOC, SCIENCE DIRECT, PROQUEST y GOOGLE ACADMICO. Se analiz un total de 13 programas que tenan como caractersticas en comn el entrenamiento y la educacin de los dos integrantes de la pareja en: manejo de conflictos y habilidades para la resolucin de problemas, conocimientos sobre relaciones saludables y sobre acoso y asalto sexual, cambio de actitudes y mejora de la capacidad para buscar ayuda. Estos artculos reportaron resultados positivos al disminuir comportamientos y actitudes de violencia, aumentar el conocimiento sobre la violencia de pareja, cambio de las normas y mejora en las habilidades de comunicacin. Sin embargo, solamente uno efectu una evaluacin a largo plazo de su efectividad. Palabras claves: Violencia de pareja, prevencin, adolescentes.

Cornisa: PREVENCIN DE LA VIOLENCIA EN EL NOVIAZGO. Violencia en el noviazgo: Una revisin de los programas de prevencin La violencia de pareja es considerada como un problema importante de salud social y pblica, ha sido definida como toda accin u omisin por parte de uno de los integrantes de la pareja, que causa sobre sta dao fsico, emocional, sexual, econmico o social (Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, 2007). Segn Domnguez, Garca, Gutirrez, Ziga y Torres (2007), la violencia en la pareja ocurre en una relacin amorosa en que una de las personas abusa fsica, emocional o sexualmente para dominar y mantener el control sobre la otra (p. 37). Adems se considera violencia de pareja aislar a la persona de su familia y amigos o restringir acceso a la informacin (Organizacin Mundial de la Salud, 2002). Las agresiones en las relaciones de pareja constituyen una de las formas ms frecuentes de violencia en la sociedad contempornea. El primer informe sobre la violencia y la salud de la Organizacin Mundial de la Salud (Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi & Lozano, 2003), destaca que la violencia de pareja se produce en todos los pases, en todas las culturas y en todos los niveles socioeconmicos, sin excepcin. Desde un artculo publicado por Makepeace (1981) se comenz a investigar esta problemtica, donde seala la naturaleza y la prevalencia de la violencia en el noviazgo, encontrado que uno de cada cinco estudiantes universitarios reportaba violencia fsica por parte de su pareja, siendo frecuente y con consecuencias negativas. Algunos estudios han encontrado que la violencia fsica es comn en las relaciones de pareja, presentndose con frecuencia agresiones verbales y psicolgicas (insultos, acusaciones e intimidacin), con caractersticas nicas en las relaciones de noviazgo, como los celos y la incertidumbre que provoca en la relacin (Halpern, Oslak, Young, Martin & Kupper, 2001; Linder, Crick & Collins 2002; Smith, White & Holland, 2003).

Cornisa: PREVENCIN DE LA VIOLENCIA EN EL NOVIAZGO.

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