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DANGEROUS GOODS CARGO HANDLING

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Serial No. Chapters Page No.
1 Introduction 3-4
2 Regulatories Authorities 4-5
3 Review Information 5-7
4 Various classes of DG 7-8
5 Packaging, marking, labelling & documentation 8-10
6 Responsibilities of parties 10-12
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Introduction

What are dangerous goods?

Dangerous goods are substances that may be corrosive, Ilammable, explosive,
spontaneously combustible, toxic, oxidising, or water-reactive. These goods can be
deadly and can seriously damage property and the environment. ThereIore, it`s
important that they are stored and handled saIely.or

azardous Goods are 'articles or substances which are capable oI posing a
signiIicant risk to health, saIety, or to property and environment



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What is the difference between dangerous goods` and
Hazardous substances`

Don`t conIuse dangerous goods with hazardous substances they are classiIied
according to diIIerent criteria. Dangerous goods are classiIied on the basis oI
immediate physical or chemical effects, such as Iire, explosion, corrosion and
poisoning, aIIecting property, the environment or people, while hazardous
substances are classiIied only on the basis oI health effects (whether they be
immediate or long-term).Dangerous goods and hazardous substances are covered
by separate legislation, each Iocusing on controlling the diIIerent risks described
above. Since many hazardous substances are also classiIied as dangerous goods,
the requirements oI both pieces oI legislation will apply in these cases. Each piece
oI legislation complements the other, eIIectively ensuring thecomprehensive
control oI all risks.


There is a legislative Iramework to deIine the regulations oI DG cargo handling,
Which as Iollows:

Dangerous Goods Act, 1985- The Act sets out the general duties Ior the
manuIacture, storage, transport,transIer, sale and use oI dangerous goods and the
import oI explosives into Victoria. The Act also enables regulations to be made
about dangerous goods.




Dangerous Goods (Storage & Handling) Regulations 2000- The Regulations set
out speciIic dutiesIor people who manuIacture, import, supply, store or handle
dangerous goods.Section 45(1) oI the Act states that Iailure to comply with
regulations made under the Act is an oIIence.

Code


Code of practice for the storage & handling of Dangerous Goods- The Code
provides practical guidance to manuIacturers and suppliers oI dangerous goods,
and occupiers storing and handling those dangerous goods on how to comply with
the Regulations.

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Regulatories Authorities Assocaited with DG cargo handling


There are certain bodies which are continuously working to improve the
procedures Ior the transportation oI all kind oI hazardous goods so as to minimize
loss oI LiIe and Property


W IATA- International Air Transport Association


W IAEA- International Atomic Energy Agency


W ICAO- International Civil Aviation Organization


W UN COE- UN Committee of Experts



DGR- Dangerous Goods Regulations

It states the Iollowing:

O IdentiIy what is considered to be a dangerous good.
O Access to the regulations on how to prepare a shipment that includes
dangerous goods.
O Ensure all the necessary documentation is completed correctly.
O e certain that dangerous goods are properly prepared Ior transportation.
O now what commodities can or can`t board an aircraIt.





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Review Information about Dangerous Goods

To identiIy hazards eIIectively, you must look at how the dangerous goods are
stored and handled. ThereIore, when reviewing the inIormation about dangerous
goods, you should consider the Iollowing Iactors:

(a) The inherent hazards oI the dangerous goods, Ior example:
OIire;
Oexplosion;
Otoxic eIIects
- Inhalation;
- Ingestion (swallowing contaminated Iood or eating or smoking with
contaminated hands);
- Absorption through the skin or eyes; or
- Corrosive action.

(b) The form (including concentration) in which the dangerous goods may be
present, such as solid, liquid or gas; supplied as packaged dangerous goods or in
bulk. For example, some goods may be virtually harmless in some Iorms (such as a
block oI metal) but may become very hazardous dangerous goods in another Iorm
(such as a Iine dust that can be readily ignited or may be highly reactive).

(c) The chemical and physical properties. For example, gases or liquids with low
boiling points or high vapour pressures can give rise to high airborne
concentrations in most circumstances, whereas high boiling point liquids such as
oils are only likely to create an explosive airborne concentration iI they are heated
or sprayed. Dangerous goods with a very low or high p (ie. acids and caustics
respectively) are corrosive to the skin and eyes and corrosive to metals. Some
dangerous goods are chemically unstable or highly reactive (Ior example, many
organic peroxides) and may selI-react or react with othermaterials to cause a Iire or
explosion. This inIormation may include:
Physical state solid / liquid / gas;
II solid what potential Ior dust cloud explosion?
II liquid mobile / viscous / volatile / miscible?
II gas lighter / heavier than air?
O Ilashpoint, Iirepoint and explosive limits;
O viscosity;
O 0density;
O particle size;

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O vapour pressure;
O solubility and p;
O 0reactivity;
O 0boiling and/or Ireezing point or range;
O 0electrical and/or heat conductivity; and
O The nature and concentration oI combustion products.

(d) The types of incidents. For example, a Class 3 (Ilammable) dangerous goods
may have a very low Ilashpoint oI 5oC (that is, they are highly volatile) and
under most ambient conditions would able to ignite (within its explosive limits)
when exposed to the atmosphere. A high Ilashpoint product with a Ilashpoint oI
56oC cannot be ignited easily at ambient temperatures. The volatility oI the
dangerous goods will also aIIect the likely intensity oI any Iire. Other
characteristics like the mobility oI a liquid (ie whether it is thick like honey or thin
like water) will determine how Iar a spill would spread and in turn aIIect the spread
oI a Iire.


Vaious classes of the dangerous goods

Class 1 Explosive goods and objects.

Class 2 Compressed, liquid or pressurized gases.

Class 3 Inflammable liquids.

Class 4.1 Inflammable solids.

Class 4.2 Self-igniting substances.

Class 4.3 Substances that develop inflammable gases in contact with water

Class 5.1 Substances with an inflammable (oxidizing) effect.

Class 5.2 Organic peroxides.

Class 6.1 Poisonous substances.

Class 6.1 Poisonous substances.

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Class 7 Radioactive substances.

Class 8 Caustic substances.

Class 9 Other dangerous goods and materials.




Packaging, Marking and labelling

This is one oI the vital activity in handling a DG Cargo Irom a Ireight Iorwarder,
shipper and consignee point oI view:







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PACKAGING

W Adherence to outside packaging should be ensured
W Quality oI packaging should be checked under diIIerent conditions
W Direct contact oI packing with the goods should be saIeguarded.
W Inner packaging should be oI superior quality in standardized manner.

LABELLING

W Proper labeling
W Class wise labels
W Labels Ior handling

MARKING

W ame oI the product
W U umber
W Shipper/ Consignee name

Documentation

W SDS Ior the airline (aterial SaIety Data Sheet)
W CECLIST Ior the AIRLIE
W Shippers Declaration Ior Dangerous Goods (SDR)
W AW
W AW
W Shipping ill
W ARE1 Iorm copy
W Declaration oI Goods
W Invoice
W Packing List


Classifying, packaging and package marking

eIore the dangerous goods are supplied Ior use, you are required to ensure that
the dangerous goods are:
Oassigned the appropriate Class, Subsidiary Risk and Packing Group; and

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Opacked in accordance with the ADG Code, with particular emphasis on the need
Ior packagings to be in sound condition and compatible with the goods.
The ADG Code requires dangerous goods containers (most packagings and all bulk
Containers) to be perIormance tested, approved and marked to indicate the types oI
dangerous goods Ior which they are approved. Approvals may be issued in any
State under its respective laws adopting the ADG Code and are valid in all States.




Document for declaration of dangerous goods:





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Declaration from the Parties involve in Dangerous goods handling
Responsibilities
Shippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods (SDR)
W Shipper and Consignee details
W Shipping name
W Class/division
W U/ID number
W Packing group
W et quantity, type oI packaging, number oI packages Ior radioactive
aterials: name or symbol oI radioactive content and catogery.

Shipper`s-
The goods are properly classiIied, packed, labeled and marked
W The shipping document contains all required inIormation, and should
e dated and signed.
W Shippers letter Ior azardous Cargo
W Provide any additional permits or documents that may be needed Ior the
particular shipment
W Documents should also be mentioned in English as well as Local Language.

Carriers / Forwader`s - The shipping description on the shipping document
is consistent with the saIety marks displayed on the packets
W You check the vehicle or package beIore accepting it to make sure that it
is in good condition Ior transport.
W The goods should be inspected in accordance with check-list.

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W The categories oI goods which when come in close contact can cause
Damage should be taken care oI.


A mishandling oI DG cargo can lead to this:











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