by Kalinga Seneviratne & Sivananthi Thanenthiran

by Kalinga Seneviratne & Sivananthi Thanenthiran

 UNDP
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The Urban Governance Initiative (TUGI) UNDP, P.O. Box 12544 50782 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Tel: (603) 2095 9122 Fax: (603) 2093 2361 E-mail: <tugi@undp.org> Website: <http://www.tugi.org> Virtual Policy Studio: http://www.cebe.cf.ac.uk/tugi/

Contents
Page

Contents Forward by Anwar fazal Chapter 1 - The Urban Habitat Are Cities a Negative Inuence on Development? What Is Urban Poverty ? How To Assess Urban Poverty The Environmental Challenges of Asias Urbanisation Urban Challenge in the Pacic Islands Chapter 2 - The Urban Issues The Major Issues of Urbanisation The Urban Housing Crisis Land Rights Is The Central Issue In The Pacic Safe Water and Sanitation for Urban Communities Crisis In Waste Disposal Moving Forward - Problems with Urban Transport Corruption and Urban Communities The Informal Economy and Urban Communities Chapter 3 - The Urban Vision Urban Asias Contrasting Picture Guiding The Urban Vision Millennium Development Goals - The Global Challenge Chapter 4 - Good Governance and Urban Communities What is Good Governance? Core Characteristics of Good Governance Actors in Governance People Centred Cities
1 3 4 7 9 13 17 18 19 31 36 47 53 57 60 69 71 77 82 89 90 92 96 98

Measuring Good Governance Tool for the Common People Chapter 5 - Practical Approaches To Good Governance Building Consensus Through City Consultations Democratising Cities Moving Towards Creating Inclusive Cities Chapter 6 - Making A Difference Promoting A Collaborative Urban Poor Development Process
Urban Community Development Ofce - Thailand Urban Poor Development Fund - Phnom Penh, Cambodia Urban Forum Movement - Thailand Tiet Kiem Mua Xuan (Spring Saving Group) - Vietnam Samoas Planning and Urban Management Agency (PUMA) Combining Top Down and Grassroots Land Approaches - Mumbai, India Toilets for All with a Little Bit of Community Education - Pune, Indi

105 105 109 112 115 115 119 120 120 123 124 126 128 129 130 133 134 135 136 137 140 149 150 150 159 159 160 161 165

Chapter 7 - Reporters With A Role To Play To Take or Not To Take Sides Development Journalism - Committee Journalism or Government Propaganda? Public Journalism or Civic Journalism - Reinventing Committed Journalism Engaging The Media In Communicating Good Governance Reporting As If The People Mattered Chapter 8 - Working With The Media: Constraints and Promise Reporting Urban Poverty - Mainstream Media and Its Constraints How the Media is Responding to Poverty in Asia Working With The Mainstream Media Building Links and Co-operation Capacity Building and Providing Contents Creating Windows in the Mainstream Community Radio - Getting The Peoples Voice On The Airwaves

ii

Tambuli Radio - Philippines Kotmale Internet Community Radio - Sri Lanka Radio Sagarmatha - Nepal Namma Dhwani Cable Radio - India

165 169 169 169 172 173 ???

What Lessons Could Urban Communities Learm From The Community Radio Experience? New Technology and New Media Appendices: Media Map of Asia and the Pacic Directory of Urban Community Based Organisation in Asia and the Pacic

iii

The Asian Media Information and Communication Centre (AMIC)

The Asian Media Information and Communication Centre (AMIC) is a non-prot NGO with the mission of spearheading the development of media and communication expertise in the Asia-Pacic in order to foster socioeconomic progress. It exists to encourage ethical and social responsibility of the media, to support democratic access and participation in media development and production, and to provide opportunities for empowerment of disadvantaged sectors in the communication/ media environment. It performs this role on many fronts: As a research centre it examines critical issues in the media and communications sector and their implications for development. As a resource centre it gathers and disseminates knowledge about communication and its effects in Asia. By conducting training and professional consultations it is active in capacity building for the media and their users. AMIC was established in 1971 with the support of the government of Singapore and the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung of the Federal Republic of Germany. The Centre is now housed in the School of Communication and Information of Nanyang Technological University, Singapore with whom it has a close working partnership. The centre cooperates with governments and national bodies and works closely with associations such as the World Bank, Unesco and The Commonwealth Secretariat.
Mailing address: Asian Media Information and Communication Centre Jurong Point P. O. Box 360 SINGAPORE 916412 Tel: (65) 6792 7570 Fax: (65) 6792 7129 E-mail: enquiries@amic.org.sg URL: http://www.amic.org.sg/

The Urban Governance Initiative (TUGI)

The Urban Governance Initiative (TUGI) is a regional project developed and funded by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). It is an action-oriented initiative that promotes better urban governance through: Institutional capacity building; Providing policy advisory services; Enabling innovations on tools and methodologies to promote improved urban governance; and Ensuring the dissemination of information and promoting collaborative networking on all of the above, within and between cities in Asia and the Pacic. UNDP-TUGIs strategy for implementation includes the following: Building capacities for better urban governance through encouraging and promoting innovations of inclusive and participatory decision-making processes; Upstreaming the UNDP-TUGI Report Cards and other modalities that facilitate collaboration and partnerships into city policy-making levels; The production of user-friendly tools for improving urban governance structures and processes, and encouraging the growth of indigenous experiences and knowledge systems to support the expansion of the global movement for good urban governance; Popularising good governance through the implementation of a complementary awards system that also incorporates the media and the use of new information and communication technologies (ICT) into delivering on targets for poverty eradication and improved good urban governance; and Promoting new collaborations that strengthen national government focal points and national policy initiatives through mapping and the building of synergies between on-going urban-related activities, while at the same time providing linkages to other regional and international programmes. UNDP-TUGI seeks to assist mayors, governors and other city stakeholders in building the capacity of local governments to perform their tasks effectively. UNDP-TUGI advances the ve principles for livable and sustainable cities including social justice, ecological sustainability, political participation, economic productivity and cultural vibrancy.
The Urban Governance Initiative United Nations Development Programme P. O. Box 12544, 50782 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel: 603-2095 9122; Fax: 603-2093 2361; E-mail: tugi@undp.org Website: www.tugi.org.