NAME: Marizza M.

Cabug-os

BSBA-1D

~What are the stages of growth and development? 1.Infancy (12 - 36 months) Autonomy vs. sense ofShame & doubt(ages 1-3) Newfound senseof independence as a resultof having learned somebasic self-care skills walking, feeding, and toileting. They may appear mature but is primitive.Imitation is a distiguishing characteristics of play. 2. Pre- School (4 7 years old) Child developsthe ability to initiate anddirect own activities.Because they are developing a super ego (conscience),conflicts arise from their desire to explore and the limits placed upon them by caregiversleads to feeling of frustration and guilt. A shift from totally egocentric thought to socialawareness occursability toconsider anothers viewpoint begins. Actions are directed toward fulfilling their needs and less frequently the need of others. These children have a very concrete sense of justice- fairness involves the philosophy of with no thought of loyalty or gratitude. They may begin to ask questions about what they see. Inability to separate fantasy from reality that's why they may be afraid of the dark or being alone. 3. School Age (6 12 years old) During this stage, often called the Latency, we are capable of learning, creating and accomplishing numerous new skills and knowledge, thus developing a sense of industry. This is also a very social stage of development and if we experience unresolved feelings of inadequacy and inferiority among our peers, we can have serious problems in terms of competence and self-esteem. Children of this age may develop an anti-social behavior such as lying, cheating or stealing. Peers have a great influence on them that becomes a contending factor for parental influence. 4. Adolescence (12 18 years old) From here on out, development depends primarily upon what we do. And while adolescence is a stage at which we are neither a child nor an adult, life is definitely getting more complex as we attempt to find our own identity, struggle with social interactions, and grapple with moral issues. Stage is marked by dramatic physiological changes associated withsexual maturation that leadsto marked pre occupation withappearance and body image.Identity development takes place in this stage as the youth seeks autonomy, groupidentity, and to answer thequestion, Who am I?. This is essential for making adult decisions marriage,vocation. Failure to developa sense of self identity can lead to isolation and inability to develop lasting attachments in future. Adolescents, to gain autonomy from adults, often substitute their own set of morals and values. They seek to establish and internalize a set of morals and values that they have tested and found to be worthyof living bythis often means questioning and sometimes abandoningexisting morals and values. Their peers play an ever increasingrole in terms of significance.To belong is of utmostimportance.Their play is group (peer)

oriented and ismore about relationships than play. Sexual activity and romance preoccupy many adolescents. The leisure-time activities amongst adolescents assist in the development of their social, physical, and cognitive skills. They may have destructive behavior such as sexual experimentation, drinking, smoking and other vices. 5. Young Adulthood (18 35 years old) In the initial stage of being an adult we seek one or more companions and love. As we try to find mutually satisfying relationships, primarily through marriage and friends, we generally also begin to start a family, though this age has been pushed back for many couples who today don't start their families until their late thirties. If negotiating this stage is successful, we can experience intimacy on a deep level. 6. Middle Adulthood (35 55 years old) Work is most crucial. Also, middle adulthood is when we can expect to "be in charge," the role we've longer envied. The significant task is to perpetuate culture and transmit values of the culture through the family (taming the kids) and working to establish a stable environment. Strength comes through care of others and production of something that contributes to the betterment of society. As our children leave home, or our relationships or goals change, we may be faced with major life changesthe mid-life crisisand struggle with finding new meanings and purposes. If we don't get through this stage successfully, we can become selfabsorbed and stagnate. 7. Late Adulthood (55 - death) Our strength comes from a wisdom that the world is very large and we now have a detached concern for the whole of life, accepting death as the completion of life. On the other hand, some adults may reach this stage and despair at their experiences and perceived failures. They may fear death as they struggle to find a purpose to their lives, wondering "Was the trip worth it?". Alternatively, they may feel they have all the answers (not unlike going back to adolescence) and end with a strong dogmatism that only their view has been correct.