Rachel Frankenfield October 24, 2011 English Grammar Test Review Parts of Speech: Noun- person, place, thing,

, or idea o Proper Noun- Ann, New Mexico, Sears Tower o Common Noun- woman, district, chair o Abstract Noun- peace, civilization, honor (quality, characteristic, or idea) o Concrete Noun- star, whisper, flame, cinnamon (sensory) o Collective Noun- jury, band, family (a group) Pronoun- word used in place of a noun o Personal Pronoun- I me, he, him, she, her, you, it, they, them, we, us o Possessive Personal Pronouns- my, mine, his, her, hers, its, our, ours, their, theirs, you, yours, his, her, our, ours o Reflexive Pronouns- myself, yourself, ourselves, itself o Relative Pronouns- who, whom, which, that, whose (introduce subordinate clauses) o Interrogative Pronouns- who, whom, which, what, whose (questions) o Demonstrative Pronouns- this, these, that, those (point out persons or things) o Common Indefinite Pronouns- all, another, any, anybody, anyone, both, each, other, everybody, everyone, few, many, most neither, nobody, none, no one, one, other, several, some, somebody, someone, such Adjective- modify nouns/pronounsmost commonly used are called articles (a, an, the) Verb- expresses action

o transitive- have an object (ignore, complete) o intransitive- action without object (arrive, exist) o linking- link subject to a noun/pronoun/adjective that describes the subject (be, appear, become, grow, look, remain, seem) o helping- help the main verb express action or make a statement (am, are, is, was, has, may, can, must) Adverb- modifies a verb/adjective/another adverb often end in ly Preposition- shows relation of noun/pronoun to some other word in the sentence (about, above, beside, over, since, toward, under) Conjunction- joins words o Coordinating= FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) o Correlative= eitheror, neithernor, bothand, not onlybut, whetheror o Subordinating= join subordinate clauses, not always btwn parts it joins. IF the price is right, I will buy it. This is better THAN we had imagined. (after, as, because, before, provided, since) Parts of Sentences: Subject- part about which something is being said Predicate- says something about the subject Direct Object- receives action of the verb Indirect Object- precedes D.O., tells to whom or for whom the verb is done Objective Complement- They elected Mary [chairwoman]. You made her [angry]. Predicate Nominative- refers to the same thing as the subject of the verb, follows a linking verb. Boston is the capital of Massachusetts. Predicate Adjective- follows a linking verb, modifies subject. This class is dull. Clause- group of words containing a subject and a predicate, used as part of a sentence