6.MAGNETIZATION CHARACTERISITCS OF D.C.

SHUNT
GENERATOR
































CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR MAGNETIZATION CHARACTERISITCS OF D.C.SHUNT
GENERATOR:





DROPTEST :
















AIM:
To conduct experiment on given D.C Shunt Generator and to draw its open circuit
characteristics
curve and also to calculate critical Iield resistance and critical speed oI the given shunt generator.

APPARATUS:

S.NO Name oI the apparatus Range Type Quantity
1 Ammeter (0-2A) MC 1
2 Voltmeter (0-300V) MC 1
3 Rheostat 50O/5A Wire wound 1
4 Rheostat 360 O/1.2A Wire wound 1
5 Rheostat 500 O/1.2A Wire wound 1
6 Tachometer 0-10000 rpm Digital 1


THEORY:

Open Circuit characteristics curve is the relation between Iield current and the no load induced E.M.F.
It resembles the B-H curve oI a magnetic material. Due to residual magnetism in the poles some E.M.F
is generated even when I is zero. Hence the curve starts a little way up. The slight curvature at the
lower ends is due to the magnetic inertia. The Iirst part oI the curvature is practically straight line. This
is due to the Iact that at low Ilux densities reluctance oI the iron path begin negligible. The generated
E.M.F is directly proportional to the Iield current. At higher Ilux densities where I is small iron path
reluctance becomes appreciable and relation between E and I, no longer holds good. Critical Iield
resistance is the another important point to be considered to build up voltage in the generator. The
value oI the resistance represented by the tangent to the curve is known as 'Critical Iield resistance
Rc Ior a given speed. Due to residual magnetism in the poles, some e.m.I and hence current, would be
generated. This current while passing through the Iield coils will strengthen the magnetism oI the
poles. The mutual reinIorcement oI e.m.I and Ilux proceeds on till equilibrium is reached at some point
like P. The point lies on the resistance line on oI the Iield winding. Let R be the resistance oI the Iield
winding. Line OA is drawn such that its slope equals the Iield winding resistance. O.C.C is plotted
Irom the given data. Then, tangent is drawn to its initial portion. The slope oI this curve gives the
critical resistance Ior the speed at which the data was obtained.

PROCEDURE:
1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram.
2. Give the supply to the motor by closing DPST switch.
3. Start the motor with the help oI 3 Point starter.
4. Adjust the speed oI the motor to its rated value by varying either Iield ( or ) armature oI
the generator.
5. Measure the voltage generated in the armature oI the generator which gives residual
voltage.
6. Closing the DPST switch and measure armature voltage and Iield current.
7. Gradually change the Iield rheostat oI generator in steps oI 0.1A
8. Note down the corresponding readings.
9. Draw the necessary graph.




TABULAR FORM:

S.No Field current (Ish) Induced emI Eo(V)







Tabulation for Drop Test:

S.NO. Voltage (v) Current (I) RshV/I






Model Graph:



Model Calculations:-
Critical Resistance RC OP/OQ
Critical Speed NC N1 x BC/AC

RESULT:-
The experiment was done on the given D.C. Shunt Generator and its o.c.c. curve is drawn and
also critical Iield resistance and critical speed are calculated.

VIVA QUESTIONS:
1) What is residual magnetism?
2) What is critical resistance?
3) What will happen iI the Iield circuit is opened?
4) Conditions Ior building up oI voltage?
5) What is critical speed?
6) What does tangent line indicates?
7) Occ is curve is plotted between what parameters?