OCDPA HCToolkit

Full Version
Toolkit to Healthier Communities Influencing Healthy Public Policies

This toolkit is for anyone who wants to advance health policy in their community or encourage change at the local level
For more information, please visit www.ocdpa.on.ca
ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies IntroductiontotheToolkit
Credits
TheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance(OCDPA)istheprovincialcollectivevoiceonchronic diseaseprevention.Weareacollaborativeofleadinghealthrelatedorganizationsworkingtogetherto focusonchronicdiseasepreventionandhealthyliving. Ourcurrentmembershipiscomprisedofover30organizationsincludingrepresentativesfromPublic Health,healthrelatedresearchorganizationsandnongovernmentalorganizations(NGOs),health promotionresourcecentres,andhealthrelatedprofessionalnetworks.Ourmembershipcontributesto theoverallvisionandmissionoftheOCDPAthroughprovisionofresources,advocacyengagementand knowledgeexchange,andtheshapingofAllianceeventsandmeetings. OCDPAwouldliketothankitsPartnerorganizationsfortheircontributiontothistoolkit: AssociationofLocalPublicHealthAgencies CanadianCancerSociety CanadianDiabetesAssociation CancerCareOntario CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth HealthNexus HeartandStrokeFoundationofOntario Ophea(OntarioPhysicalandHealthEducationAssociation) OPHA OsteoporosisCanada OCDPAwouldalsoliketothanktheHealthyCommunitiesConsortiumforitsvaluablecontributionstothe developmentofthistoolkit. SuggestedCitation: OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance.(2011).HandbooktoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencing HealthyPublicPolicies.OCDPA:Toronto. OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance,2011 Cedocumentestgalmentdisponibleenfranais.
FundingandsupportforthisresourcegenerouslyprovidedbytheOntarioMinistryofHealthPromotionandSport.
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Copyright 2010 by the Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance www.ocdpa.on.ca
TableofContents
Introduction
27 4 6 7 9 963 12 14 16 22 25 29 30 33 36 37 39 44 45 47 51 52 54 59 64 65 73 77 80
IntroductiontotheToolkit
SupportingHealthierCommunitiesthroughCommunityPartnershipandHealthyPublicPolicies THCURoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment
StepstoPolicyDevelopment
Step1IdentifytheIssueandDescribetheSituation
Worksheet1a:Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformationaboutyourquestions Worksheet1b:Summarizetheinformationaboutyoursituation Step2AssessReadinessforPolicyDevelopment
Worksheet2a:Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformationaboutcommunityreadiness 20 Worksheet2b:ConductaForceFieldAnalysistoproceedwithpolicydevelopment Step3DevelopGoals,ObjectivesandPolicyOptions Worksheet3a:Developpolicygoalsandobjectives Worksheet3b:Alignpolicyoptionswithobjectives
Step4IdentifyandUnderstandKeyDecisionMakersandInfluencers Worksheet4a:Identifyandunderstandkeydecisionmakers Worksheet4b:Identifyandunderstandinfluencers Step5BuildSupportforHealthyPublicPolicies Worksheet5b:Messagedevelopment Step6Writeand/orRevisethePolicy Worksheet6a:Policycontentoutline Step7ImplementthePolicy Worksheet5a:Communicationstrategyandtimelines
Worksheet6b:Policystakeholderconsultationplan Worksheet7:Implementationchecklist Step8MonitorandEvaluatethePolicy
57 6491
Appendix
PolicyIdeasforHealthierCommunities Communities Schools Workplaces GlossaryofTerms
SupportingHealthyPublicPoliciesandBuildingCommunityPartnerships Acknowledgements ReferencedResources
81 83 84
92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca
IntroductiontotheToolkit
AbouttheToolkit Thepurposeofthetoolkitistohelpyouinfluencepoliciesthatsupporthealthiercommunities.Thistoolkit expandsontheworkoftheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance(OCDPA)anditsmanyproject partners.ItisbasedonTHCUs8stepprocesstopolicydevelopmentandbuildsonthePhysicalActivity ResourceCentre(PARC)sWorkbookforInfluencingPhysicalActivityPolicy. Thistoolkitisforanyonewhowantstoadvancepolicyintheircommunityorencouragepolicychangeat thelocallevel.Thistoolkitwillguideyouthroughthepolicydevelopmentprocesswith: Astepbystepoutlineofthepolicydevelopmentprocess Practicalworksheetstohelpyoumovethroughthesteps Helpfultipsforeachstep Policyideastohelpidentifypotentialfuturepolicies Aglossaryofterms Weblinksforfurtherinformation/support AnyoneCanInfluencePolicies Fromyouthtocommunityleaderstolocalgovernment,everyone/memberofthecommunityhasthe abilitytoinfluencepolicychange: Amanageroraleaderatanorganizationcanleadthepolicydevelopmentprocess,helpenforcea policy,andsupportthemonitoringandevaluationofapolicy Researchersorlocalauthoritiesmayengageinthepolicydevelopmentprocessbyensuringthe supportofstructuresandprocessesinplacetomonitorandevaluateapolicy Healthprofessionalscanfacilitatethepolicychangebyleading,supporting,andadvocatingforanyof thepolicydevelopmentprocessesdescribedinthistoolkit Afacilitatororahealthpromotionspecialistcouldengagethecommunity,provideworkshopsand trainingstopromotepolicychange Layworkers,volunteers,oractivistscanengagepeopleontheissueandinfluencepolicychange(see Step5ofpolicydevelopment. Toincreasetheimpactofyourefforts,workwithpeoplewhosharecommongoalsandinterests.Takepart inthepolicydevelopmentprocesswhereveryouarecomfortable,evenifitisonlyinasinglestepofthe process.Remember,anyonecansupportandinfluencepolicychange! Pleasenotethatthistoolkitisnotacomprehensivetoolkitforpolicydevelopment,aliteraturereviewof bestpractices,orathoroughanalysisofwhichpoliciesarebestforaparticularcommunityorsetting. Rather,itisintendedtosupportOntariocommunitiesinadvancinghealthypublicpoliciesbysupporting communitypractitionersininfluencingpolicyandcreatingsupportingenvironmentsthatpromotehealthy lifestyles.
Inaddition,policydevelopmentisnotalinear(stepbystep)processandyoumayneedtomakesome adjustmentstothepolicydevelopmentprocesstosuityourneeds.Forexample,ifyoumayalreadyhave policyoptionsdevelopedandarereadytobuildsupportforthepolicy,youmaystartbyreviewingStep4 or5ofthepolicydevelopmentprocess.Moreover,itisadvisedthatyouworkwithappropriate stakeholderswhenmovingforwardonpolicies. Therearemanytypesofpoliciesatthefederal,provincial,municipalandorganizationlevels,suchas legislation,regulation,bylaws,organizationalpolicies,etc.Ifyouwouldliketoknowmoreonhowto bringpoliciestohigherlegislativelevels,generalinformationcanbefoundatHowaGovernmentBill BecomesaLawandUnderstandingCabinetDecisionMaking.Youcanalsoaccessmoreinformationatthe LegislativeAssemblyofOntariowebsite.Wheninfluencingpoliciesatthelocallevel,itisimportanttohave informationaboutyourlocalgovernmentormunicipalityathand. ToolkitSections Werecommendthatyoucompletetheworksheetsandnotethetipsandadditionalresourcestohelp guideyouthrougheachstepofthepolicydevelopmentprocess.Theworksheetscanbefilledin electronicallyusingtheWORDversionorcanalsobeprintedandfilledoutmanually,andcanbeadapted toyourownspecificpurpose.Itmaybeusefulforyoutoworkthroughsomeoftheworksheetswith stakeholdersinyourcommunity. Pleasealsobrowsethroughthepolicyideasattheendofthetoolkitforpotentialsolutionstoyourissueof concern.PolicyideasprovidedinthistoolkitaddresstheOntarioMinistryofHealthPromotionandSports sixpriorityareasasoutlinedintheHealthyCommunitiesFramework:Healthyeating,Injuryprevention, Mentalhealth,Physicalactivity,sportsandrecreation,Tobaccouse/exposure,andSubstanceandalcohol misuse.ImplementinghealthypublicpoliciesalsosupportstheOntarioPublicHealthStandards2008and complimentseffortsintheMinistryofHealthPromotionandSportsGuidanceDocuments. AGlossaryofTermsandlinkstowebsiteresources/supportarealsoincludedforyourconvenienceatthe endofthisreport.
ANoteonHealthierCommunitiesandHealthyPublicPolicies Thetermcommunityusedthroughoutthistoolkitmakesreferencetothegroups,organizations, settings,orenvironmentsstrivingtocreatepositivechange.Thisprojectrecognizeseachcommunityhas itsownuniqueneedsandassets.Webelievethatallcommunitiescanbehealthierregardlessofcurrent stateorstatus.Effectivepoliciesshouldalwaysbetailoredtosuittheneedsofeachindividualcommunity. Pleaseusethetoolkittodeterminehowtoworktowardthebestandmostfeasiblesolutionsforyour community. FundingandSupport ThistoolkitwasmadepossiblewithfundingfromtheMinistryofHealthPromotionandSportHealthy CommunitiesFundandsignificantinkindsupportfromstaff,volunteers,andpartnerorganizations.Fora listofprojectpartners,pleaserefertotheAcknowledgementssectionintheappendix. SupportingHealthierCommunitiesthroughCommunityPartnershipandHealthyPublicPolicies 4 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca
Publicpolicyisthebroadframeworkofideasandvalueswithinwhich decisionsaretakenandaction,orinaction,ispursuedbygovernmentsin relationtosomeissueorproblem.Brieflystated,publicpolicyisachoiceor 6decisionmadebygovernmentthatguidessubsequentactionsinsimilar circumstances.Brooks,1989 TheRoleofHealthyPublicPoliciesandCommunityPartnershipinCreatingHealthierCommunities Policydevelopmentisawellplanneddecisionmakingprocessthatseekstoaddresscertainobjectivesor concernsforthepublicgood.Goodpolicyisinformedbyevidenceandbringsaboutanimportantchange throughavarietyofpolicytools(e.g.legislation,regulation,bylaws,andorganizationalpolicies).Asnoted intheOttawaCharterforHealthPromotion,healthpromotionpolicymustmakehealthychoiceseasier. Ideally,healthpromotionpolicydecisionmakersweighthevariouspolicyoptionsandchoosethemost appropriatepolicy.Iftherightpolicyischosenandimplementedwell,itcanleadtohealthierindividuals andcommunities. Healthypublicpoliciescanleadtoahealthiercommunityinmanyways.Thisincludesaddressingchronic diseaseriskfactorsandsocialdeterminantsthatnegativelyimpactacommunityshealth. Healthypublicpolicyischaracterizedbyanexplicitconcernforhealthand equityinallareasofpolicyandbyaccountabilityforhealthimpact.The mainaimofhealthpublicpolicyistocreateasupportiveenvironmentto enablepeopletoleadhealthylives.Suchapolicymakeshealthchoices possibleoreasierforcitizens.Itmakessocialandphysicalenvironments healthenhancing.WHO,1988 Apolicycancreateorenhanceanenvironmentthatpromotesgoodmentalhealth,addressessafety,and supportshealthybehaviourssuchasphysicalactivityandhealthyeating.Itcanalsodiscourageunhealthy behaviourssuchassmokingandexcessivealcoholconsumption.Therefore,healthypublicpoliciescan increasetheavailabilityofandaccessibilitytohealthylivingconditionsforcommunitymembers,leadingto abetterqualityoflifeforall. Partnershipbuildingandcollaborationwithavarietyofstakeholdersisvitaltothesuccessfuldevelopment andimplementationofhealthypublicpoliciesandsupportinghealthiercommunities.Partnerswhohavea sharedunderstandingandacommonvisioncanincreasetheimpactofhealthpromotioneffortsby Deliveringfrequentandconsistentmessagesthroughmultiplechannels Planningandimplementingclearactiononpriorityareas Enhancingexistingresources Focusingoncoordinatedeffortstoadvancehealthypublicpolicy 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 5
TheTHCURoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment Identifytheissueand Step1 describethesituation Assessreadiness: Ispolicyafeasible Step2 approach? Yes Developgoals,objectives, Step3 andpolicyoptions Identifydecisionmakers Step4 andinfluencers Buildsupportforpolicy Step5 development Issupportsufficient? Yes Step6 Writeand/orrevisethepolicy Haspolicybeen adopted? Yes Ensureallprerequisitesarein Step7 placeandimplementpolicy Step8 Evaluateandmonitorpolicy
No

No
Developactionplanto buildsupport Yes
No
Restrategize
RoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment (AdaptedfromTHCU) Influencinghealthypoliciesisnotalwaysastepby stepprocess.Itisalearningprocessthatcanhave manystepsfeedingintoeachother.
Where did the process breakdown?

6
Consideralternate strategiessuchas: programalternatives educatecommunity members/ stakeholders implementasocial marketinginitiative improveexisting policy/program
ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies StepstoPolicyDevelopment
Step1:IdentifytheIssueandDescribetheSituation

Step1
Identifytheissueand describethesituation Consideralternate strategiessuchas: programalternatives educatecommunity members/ stakeholders implementasocial marketinginitiative improveexisting policy/program
Step2
Assessreadiness: Ispolicyafeasible approach?

Yes
No

Step3
Developgoals,objectives, andpolicyoptions
Step4
Identifydecisionmakers andinfluencers
Step5
Buildsupportforpolicy development
Issupportsufficient?
Yes
No
Step6
Writeand/orrevisethepolicy
Haspolicybeen adopted?
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Ensureallprerequisitesarein placeandimplementpolicy
Step8
Evaluateandmonitorpolicy

7
Step1:IdentifytheIssueandDescribetheSituation
Goalofthisstep:
Togatheradetailedunderstandingofyoursituationandcreateabriefcommunicationtosummarize.
Whythisstepisimportant:
Aclearunderstandingofthesituationisnecessaryinordertodevelopcleargoals,assesspotential solutions,andbuildsupportforpotentialsolutions. Aonepagedocumentsummarizingthesituationcanserveasausefulcommunicationtoolforall stakeholders.Stakeholdersincludepeoplewhoareresponsibleforfunding,implementing,andotherwise actingonthepotentialsolutions.Thecommunicationbriefcanalsobeusedasabaselineonwhichto measurefutureprogress.Later,youwillanalyzeandchooseyourbestpossiblesolutionbasedonthe informationgatheredinthisstep.
Howtodothisstep:
Therearethreepartstothisstep:1)identifythesituationanddevelopquestionstoguideyourcollection ofinformationaboutthecurrentsituation,2)developaplantogatherinformationaboutyourquestions, and3)gatherandsummarizetheinformation. 1)Identifyanddevelopquestionstohelpdescribethesituation.Yourquestionsshouldfocuson: Whatcontributedtothesituation? Whatistheimpactofthesituation? Whatisthestakeholdersperceptionofthesituation? Whatarethepossiblesolutions(includingbothpolicyandotheroptions)?
ACTION:Usethequestionsprovidedin Worksheet1a: Developquestionsandaplantogather informationaboutyourquestionsoradaptthem,asappropriate,foryoursituation. 2)Developaplantogatherinformationthatwillansweryourquestions.SpaceisprovidedonWorksheet 1atolisttheresourcesyouneedtoansweryourquestions,butstartbydecidingwhattypeofinformation youneed.Forexample: Bestpracticesynthesisandguidelines Historyofapproachtotheissue Communityhealthstatusindicators Communitystories/testimonials Costbenefiteffectivenessdata Evaluationfindings Keyinformantinterviews Organizationalmandates Researchfindings Sociodemographicdata 8
Therearemanywaystocollecttheabovenotedtypesofinformationincluding: Directconsultationwithindividualsorgroups(e.g.,interviews,focusgroups,forums) Literaturesearches Areviewofexistingdatasets[e.g.,localcommunityhealthsurveydata,RapidRiskFactor Surveillance(RRFSS),theSchoolHealthAction,PlanningandEvaluationSystem(SHAPES),the OntarioStudentDrugUseandHealthSurvey(OSDUHS),andtheCanadianCommunityHealth Survey(CCHS) Conductinganewsurvey
Otherresourcesthatmayhelpyoufindexistinginformationorsupportyouinyoureffortstocreatenew informationincluding: Communitymembers Localhealthunits Consultants,privatesector Governmentdepartments:local,provincial, federal Journals,magazines,books Local,provincial,federal,nongovernmental groups Resource/Researchcentres
ACTION:CompleteWorksheet1a:Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformation aboutyourquestionstoidentifyhowyouwillanswerquestionsaboutyoursituationand prioritizeyourinformationgatheringactivitiesbasedonavailablebudgetandtimeline
3)Gatherandsummarizeyourinformation.Summarizetheinformationaboutyoursituation,statingthe answerstoyourquestions.Summarize: Theissueanditsimpactonyourcommunity Theoriginorcauseoftheissue Stakeholderperceptionsoftheissue Possiblesolutions ACTION:CompleteWorksheet1b:Summarizethe informationaboutyoursituation SpaceisprovidedonWorksheet1aforyoutolisttheresourcesyouwilltapintotoansweryourquestions. Whendevelopingsupportingdocumentationyoumaywanttocompilemoredetailedanswerstoyour questionsandmakeitavailabletomoremotivatedandinvolvedstakeholders. 9 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca
Tips Step1isatypeofsituationalassessment,sometimescalledaneedsassessment.Findoutmoreabout conductingcomprehensivesituationalassessmentsbyusingtheadditionalresourceslistedbelow. Possiblesolutionsmayinclude: Developingandimplementingpolicies Improvingcurrentprogramsorpractices Awarenessandeducationcampaigns. Step1:Resources

ACaledonInstituteofSocialPolicypublicationonthedefinition,purpose,andprocessofpolicy development; PolicyDevelopmentataGlancesummarizestheRoadmaptoPolicyDevelopmentintwoshort pages. THCUsOnlineHealthProgramPlannerhasmoreinformationonconductingsituational assessments. ThePublicHealthAgencyofCanadarecentlydevelopedacomprehensivelistofsourcesof evidencethatcanhelpansweryourresearchquestions. TheOCDPAandHealthNexushaveproducedaresourcetohelppeopleunderstandandinfluence thefactorsthataffecthealth:PrimertoAction. TheDirectorofPublicPolicyattheWellesleyInstitutehasproducedapresentationonpublicpolicy andthefactorsthataffecthealth. TheOCDPAhasdevelopedasetofdocumentsthatdescribessomeofthecommonissuesthat impactthehealthofOntarians.
Communityexample
TheNorthernOntarioServiceDeliverersAssociationdescribesthelimitationstothecurrent approachestohousingpolicyandprogramsinNortherncommunities. OpheaprovidesacasestudyoutliningYorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsjourneytowardsa HealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy.
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Worksheet1a:Identifytheissue
Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformationaboutyourquestions
Considerthequestionslistedinthelefthandcolumnanduseoradaptthemforyoursituation.Identifyandlistthesourcesthatyouwillusetoobtainyour information,andhowyouwillcollectthisinformation.Incaseofrestrictedresources,youmayalsowishtoincludeinformationaboutwhetherthedata gatheringtaskisahighpriority,whowillcompletethetask,bywhen,andhowmuchtimeisallocatedtodoingthetask.
Typesofinformation QuestionstoConsider
THEORIGINORCAUSEOFTHEISSUE E.g.Communitystories
Whatistheoriginorcauseoftheissue? Whathasledtotheissue? Bespecificaboutsignificantevents,crisis, researchrevealingaproblem,etc. Whatkindofinformation willyouneed?
Sources
Wherecanyoufindthe information?
Methods
Howwillyoucollectthe information?
Priorities
Whowillconductthe activitiesandbywhen?
E.g.Community
members
E.g.Telephoneinterviews E.g.Volunteer,byendof summer
THEIMPACTOFTHEISSUEONYOURCOMMUNITY
Howseriousisthisissueinyour community? Whatisthecostofthisissuetothe community(i.e.economically) Isthisissueacrisis?Whyorwhynot? Whatwouldhappen(i.e.the consequences)ifthisissueisNOTdealt with? Worksheet1acontinuesnextpage
92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 11
Worksheet1acontinued
Whatkindofinformationwill youneed?
Sources
Methods
Priorities
STAKEHOLDERPERCEPTIONOFTHEISSUE
Whoelsethinksthisisanissue?Doyou haveanysupporters? WhothinksthisisNOTanissue?Who arethecritics?
POSSIBLESOLUTIONS
Whathasalreadybeendonetotryand solvetheissue? Howhaveothercommunitiesaddressed thisissue? Whatarepotentialnonpolicysolutions tothisissue? Whatarepotentialpolicysolutionsto thisissue? Whatarethecostsandbenefitsofthe possiblesolutions?
12
Worksheet1b:Summarizetheinformationaboutyoursituation AfterimplementingthedatagatheringplanoutlinedinWorksheet1a:Developquestionsandaplantogather informationaboutyourquestions,providepointformanswerstoeachquestionbelowtohelpyoudevelopyour communicationbrief.Youmaydiscoverthattherearegapsinyourinformation.Onceyouhaveallthenecessary information,summarizeyourfindingsintoaonepagecommunicationbrief.
QUESTIONS
THEORIGINORCAUSEOFTHEISSUE
Whatistheoriginorcauseoftheissue? Whathasleduptothedevelopmentoftheissue?Bespecific aboutsignificantevents,crisis,researchrevealingaproblem, etc.
KEYPOINTSFORYOURSUPPORTING PARAGRAPHS
THEIMPACTOFTHEISSUEONYOURCOMMUNITY
Howseriousisthisissueinyourcommunity? Whatwouldhappen(i.e.whataretheconsequences)ifthis issueisNOTdealtwith? Isthisissueacrisis?Whyorwhynot? Whatisthecostofthisissuetothecommunity(economically, etc.)?
STAKEHOLDERPERCEPTIONOFTHEISSUE
Whoelsethinksthisisanissue?Doyouhaveanysupporters? WhothinksthisisNOTanissue?Whoarethecritics?
POSSIBLESOLUTIONS
Whathasalreadybeendonetotryandsolvetheissue? Howhaveothercommunitiesaddressedthisissue? Whatarepotentialnonpolicysolutionstothisissue? Whatarepotentialpolicysolutionstothisissue? Whatarethecostsandbenefitsofthepossiblesolutions?
ReadytomovetoStep2?Step1checklist:
Haveyouusedavarietyoftypesofinformationandmethodsofdatacollectionandtappedintoa varietyofresourcestoansweryourquestions? Aretheanswerstoyourquestionscomplete?Aretheregapsintheinformationthatyouhave gathered? Doyouhaveinformationthatwillsupportevidenceinformeddecisionmakingforyournextsteps? Areyouabletoexplaininonebriefsentence,withafewconcisesupportingparagraphs,whatthe situationisandwhatsomepossiblesolutionsmightbe? Haveyouaskedyourprimarystakeholderstoreviewyoursummaryofthesituation?Dothey understandit?
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Step2:AssessReadinessforPolicyDevelopment
Step1
Step2

Yes
No

Step3
Step4
Step5
Yes
No
Step6
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Step8
15
Step2:AssessReadinessforPolicyDevelopment
Goalofthisstep:
Todeterminewhethertoproceedwithpolicydevelopmentbasedonthereadinessofyourcommunity, organization,andpotentialpartners.
Policydevelopmentinitiativesrequireappropriatetiminganddedicatedresourcesoveralongperiodof time.Failurecanresultwhenthereareinadequateresources,orwhenthepublicisagainstthe developmentofanewpolicy.Ifyourcommunity,organizationorpotentialpartnersarenotreadyfora newpolicy,youmayneedtouseanotherapproachtoimprovethesituation.
Howtodothisstep:
1)Useandadaptquestionstodeterminereadinessforpolicydevelopment. 2)Developaninformationgatheringplantoansweryourquestionsaboutthereadinessforpolicy development. 3)Organizeandanalyzeyourfindings. 4)Decidehowtoproceed. 1)Useandadaptquestionstodeterminethereadinessforpolicydevelopment. Yourquestionsshouldfocusondeterminingthereadinessofthecommunityandpotentialpartners.A draftlistofquestionsisprovidedonWorksheet2a:Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformation aboutreadiness. ACTION:UseandadaptthequestionsonWorksheet2a:Developquestionsandaplanto gatherinformationaboutcommunityreadinesstoguideyourreadinessassessment 2)Developaninformationgatheringplantoansweryourquestionsaboutthereadinessforpolicy development. Toansweryourquestionsaboutthereadinessforpolicydevelopment,besuretocollectdifferenttypesof informationsuchascommunitystories/testimonials,historyofapproachtotheissue,keyinformant interviews,andorganizationalmandates. Therearemanywaystocollectthisinformation,suchas: directconsultationwithindividualsorgroups(e.g.,interviews,focusgroups,forums) developinganewsurvey reviewingpastdocumentsorminutesfromyoursoranotherorganization,localgovernment,etc. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 16
Therearevariousotherresourcesthatyoucanusetoansweryourquestions.Takeadvantageofthe wisdomofcommunitymembers,local,provincial,andfederalgovernmentdepartments,local,provincial, andfederalnongovernmentalgroups;andyourlocalhealthunit. SpaceisprovidedonWorksheet2aforyoutolisttheresourcesyouwilltapintotoansweryourquestions aboutpolicydevelopment. ACTION:CompleteWorksheet2a:Developquestionsandaplantogather
informationaboutcommunityreadinessprioritizeyourinformationgathering activitiesbasedontheavailablebudgetandtimeline
3)Organizeandanalyzeyourfindings. OnceyouhavecollectedallyourinformationandhaveansweredallthequestionsonWorksheet2a,you cannowfocusontheimplicationsofyourfindings,suchasweighingtheprosandconsofmovingforward onyourpolicyoptions.OnewaytodothisistoconductaForceFieldAnalysis,asseenonWorksheet2b. AForceFieldAnalysisallowsyoutovisualizevariousdrivingandrestrainingforcesforpossible approachestoyoursituation(i.e.,policyoptions,aswellasotheroptionslikeeducation,programs, projects,etc.).ForceFieldsmayhelporimpedethepolicydevelopmentprocessandarepresentatvarious levelssuchasindividual,networks,organizations,communities,orentirecountries.
ACTION:CompleteWorksheet2b:ConductaForceFieldAnalysis toproceedwithpolicydevelopment
4)Decidehowtoproceed. Reviewtheanswerstoyourquestionsonthereadinessforpolicydevelopmentandyourfindingsfromthe ForceFieldAnalysis.Considerwhetheryouarereadytoproceedwithpolicydevelopment. Ifyourorganizationorcommunityisnotreadyforpolicydevelopment,considerthefollowingoptions: Takeanincrementalapproachtopolicydevelopmentbyimplementingasmallpartofyouroriginal policyidea(e.g.,insteadofacomprehensiveschoolphysicalactivityandnutritionpolicy,beginwith ahealthybreakfastinitiative); Considerimprovinganexistingpolicyratherthantryingtocreateanewpolicy; Investsometimeandeffortinraisingawareness,educatingthepublic,andbuildingsupportbefore startingthepolicydevelopmentprocess(seeStep5:BuildSupportforHealthyPublicPoliciesfor moreinformation); 17
Allocateresourcestosupportingthepolicydevelopmenteffortsofanotherorganizationrather thanleadingtheprocessyourself.
Tips ReviewtheinformationyoucollectedduringStep1.ItmayhelpyoutocompleteWorksheet2a. Keepthefourkeypopulationsinmindforreadinessassessment:yourownorganization,partner organizations,thepublicswhowillbeaffectedbythepolicy,andopposers. BesuretofocusyourForceFieldAnalysesonaspecificpolicydirection,ratherthanaprocess e.g.establishingahealthyschoolscommitteemightbepartofaprocesstoimplementahealthy schoolpolicy,butitisnotapolicyuntoitself. AForceFieldAnalysisisonewayoforganizingyourdatabutothermethodsexist:pleaseseeTHCUs PrioritySettingresourceintheresourcesectionbelowformoreinformation. Afterorganizingyourinformation,therearemanyprocessesyoucanusetoreflectonthe informationaSWOTanalysisisonecommonprocess,availableintheresourcesectionunder THCUs Priority Setting resource. Step2:Resources
EvengroupswithagreatdealofgooddatahavetroublemakingdecisionscheckTHCUs PowerPointandAudiopresentation,SettingPrioritiesStrategicTechniquesforGroups. THCUhasputtogetherexamplesofdrivingandrestrainingforcesonmunicipalalcoholpolicy. TheRuralCommunitiesImpactingPolicyProjecthasaddressedsomepotentialchallengesand barriersforruralcommunitiestoparticipateinpolicydevelopment. TheOCDPAisadrivingforcetosupporttheadvancementofchronicdiseasepreventionpolicies andhasidentifiedcommonchronicdiseasepreventionprioritiesforindividuals,groupsand organizationstofocusattentionandpromotecollectiveaction.
TheCanadianBestPracticesPortalforHealthPromotionandChronicDiseasePreventionmayoffer yousomeinsightonalternatesolutionstoaddresstheissueofconcern. Communityexamples

TheHeartHealthResourceCentresWinter2010@heartnewsletterprovidesacaseexampleon buildingcommunityreadiness. Page32ofTHCUsDevelopingHealthPromotionPoliciesWorkbookhighlightstheimportanceof readinessindeterminingthesuccessofapolicyinHealthPromotionPoliciesintheWorkplace: TheMDSNordionStory. OpheaoffersacasestudyoutliningYorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsjourneytowardsaHealthy SchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy. 18
Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformationaboutcommunityreadiness Considerthequestionslistedinthelefthandcolumnanduseoradaptthemforyoursituation.Identifythetypesofresourcesyouwouldliketogather,as wellaswhereyouwillgotogatherthisinformation(i.e.,thesource).Incaseofrestrictedresources,youmayalsowishprioritizethedatagatheringtask andlistwhowillcompletethetaskandbywhen.
Worksheet2a:AssessReadinessforPolicyDevelopment
PolicyOptionBeingConsidered: Example:Eliminateallmarketingandadvertisementoffoodsandbeveragesoflownutritionalvalue/lownutrientdensityinschoolcafeteria
Hastheissuebeenarecentfocusinthe media? Whatkindofinformation willyouneed?
Sources
Methods
Priorities
E.g.Keyinformant interviews E.g.Keyinformant interviews
E.g.Medianewspaper, radio,TV E.g.Community
E.g.Summariesofmedia coverage,printedarticles E.g.Directconsultation withindividuals
E.g.Coordinator,byend ofyear E.g.Coordinator,byend ofyear
Whatispublicopinionontheissueand/or policy?
members
Ifanyofthepoliciesyouareconsideringwere putintoplacetoday,whowouldcare,who wouldbeaffected,andinwhatway? Whatreasonstoopposeyourpolicyideaswill beputforwardbythoseaffected?Arethey true?Howcanyourefutethem?
Worksheet2acontinuesnextpage 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 19
Worksheet2acontinued
Arethereeducationaland/orawareness programsinyourcommunitythatfocuson yourissue?Howlonghavetheybeen running?Howsuccessfulhavetheybeen? Howpopulararethey? Whatkindofinformation willyouneed?
Sources
Methods
Priorities
Whichcommunityleaders,electedofficials, citizensorgroupswillbesupportiveor unsupportiveofyourpolicy?
Areyourpolicyideasandthedevelopment processafitwithyourorganizations mandate?
Howmuchtime/resourcesareavailableto supportthepolicydevelopmentprocessover anextendedperiodoftime?
Whichindividualsorgroupscanandwilloffer humanorfinancialresourcesupporttoassist withthepolicydevelopmentprocess?
20
Worksheet2b:AssessReadinessforPolicyDevelopment
ConductaForceFieldAnalysistoproceedwithpolicydevelopment
Usethespacebelowtodeterminewhatfactorswillhelporpreventyoufrommovingforwardwithpolicy development.Notethatateachleveloftheenvironment,therecanbebothdrivingandrestrainingforces.
PolicyOptionBeingConsidered: Example:Eliminateallmarketingandadvertisementoffoodsandbeveragesoflownutritionalvalue/low nutrientdensityinschoolcafeteria.
Whatfactorsinthe environmentwill SUPPORTyourpolicy developmentefforts?
Environmentsto consider
Whatfactorsinthe environmentwillSLOW orBLOCKyourpolicy developmentefforts?

E.g.Thereareothercommunity infrastructuredevelopmentoptionson thetableandthereisstrongcommunity supportrightnow.
RestrainingForces
E.g.Communityobesitylevelsinchildren iscurrentlyahottopicamongcouncil members. Political
E.g.Therearethreesubstantial communitygrantopportunitiesavailable thatcouldfinanciallysupportthis process.
Economic
E.g.Thoseinfrastructuredevelopment optionsmaybefundedfromthesame budget.
E.g.Thereisextensivemediacoverage onobesityratesanditsimpacton childrenshealth.
Social Technological Physical Media Organizational (includingresources) Community
Interpersonal networks (e.g.,family,friends, clubs) Individuals (including stakeholders)
DrivingForces
IsyourcommunityreadytomoveforwardonPolicyDevelopment?Yes
No
ReadytomovetoStep3?Step2checklist:
Haveyoureviewedtheresultsfromyourinformationgatheringprocessandyourproposedcourse ofactionwithrelevantstakeholders? HaveyouroriginalproposedpolicyoptionsfromStep1changedorevolvedtoanextentthatyou needtogathermoredataoncommunityandorganizationalreadiness?
22
Step3:DevelopGoals,ObjectivesandPolicyOptions
Step1
Step2

Yes
No

Step3
Step4
Step5
Yes
No
Step6
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Step8

23
Step3:DevelopGoals,ObjectivesandPolicyOptions
Goalofthisstep:
Todefinecleargoalsandobjectivesforthepolicychangeandtogeneratealistofpolicyoptionsfor decisionmakerstoconsider.
Settinggoalsiscriticaltodesigningyourpolicy.Thegoalsettingprocessisalsoatimeforstakeholdersto becomeinvestedandinspired. Concise,wellwrittenobjectivesarecriticalforfocusingyourplanningeffortsandclarifyingnextstepsto stakeholders,particularlythoseinterestedinevaluationorresearch.Also,objectivesarethebasisfor selectingindicatorsforsuccess(Step5),acrucialpartoftheevaluationprocess. Puttingforwardmorethanonepolicyoptionshowsstakeholdersthatyouareflexibleandwillingto negotiate.Assessingmanyoptionspreparesyoutoexplainwhytherearecertainonesthatyouwillnot support.
Howtodothisstep:
1)Developoneortwopolicygoals. 2)Developyourpolicyobjectives. 3)Generatealistofpolicyoptions. 4)Assessallpolicyoptionstodeterminehowtheyfitwithyourgoalsandobjectives. 1)Developoneortwopolicygoals. Goalsarebroadstatementssummarizingtheultimatedirectionordesiredachievementofyourpolicy.For example,yourgoalmightbetoreducethenumberandseverityofinjuriesacquiredbychildrenatalocal school.
ACTION:ListpossiblegoalsonWorksheet3a:Developpolicygoalsandobjectives. Prioritizeifnecessary,sothatyouhaveonlyoneortwofinalgoals.
24
2)Developyourpolicyobjectives. Anobjectiveisabriefstatementspecifyingthedesiredimpactoreffectofapolicy,howmuchofwhat shouldhappentowhom,andbywhen.ObjectivesshouldbeSMART(specific,measurable,attainable, relevant,andtimely). Mostpolicieshaveonetotwogoals,withmultipleobjectives.AskyourselfifyourobjectivesareSMART: S Specific M Measurable A Attainable R Relevant Isitimportanttothe needsofthe community? Isitconsistentwith howyourcommunity definestheissue? Isitconsistentwith howmembersofyour communitywantto addresstheissue?
T Timely
Who? What? Where?
HowMuch? HowOften? HowMany?
Isitachievable? Whatisthe financialimpact?
Whenshouldthe goalbeachieved by?
SomeexamplesofSMARTobjectivesare: Eliminatesmokingin50%ofthecommunitysplaygroundswithinsixmonthstime; 20%reductioninalcoholrelatedmotorvehiclecollisionswithinoneyearstime; 30%increaseintheproportionofstudentsengagedinmoderatephysicalactivityforatleastthirty minutesperdaywithinoneyearstime; Eliminatethesalesofhighenergyorothersweeteneddrinksinschoolsandatschooleventswithin oneyearstime; AlllocalschoolscomplywiththeCanadianStandardsAssociationPlaygroundGuidelineswithin18 monthstime.
ACTION:ListpossibleobjectivesonWorksheet3a:Developpolicygoalsandobjectives. Prioritizeifnecessary,sothatyouhavearealisticnumberofobjectives.
25
3)Generatealistofpolicyoptions. Policyoptionsarechoicesregardingthetypesofpoliciesthatcanbeputinplacetoaddressanissueand improvethesituation. Policychoicescanvarydependingontheissueanditsscopeanddifferentelementswithinasinglepolicy forexample,youmayhaveachoicebetweenacitywidebylawversusaschoolspecificpolicy,andwithin ahealthyeatingschoolpolicy,youmaybeconsideringincludingoneorallofthefollowingelements, removalofvendingmachines,servingfoodsthatfollowtheNutritionStandardsforFoodandBeverageson specialeventdays,and/orincreasingordecreasingthepriceofcertainfoodsdependingontheir nutritionalvalue.Whatyoumoveaheadwithwilldependonreadiness,time,andresources. Whengeneratingpolicyoptions,consider: thestatusquo(i.e.thewaythingscurrentlyare) alternativesfavouredbykeydecisionmakers whatothercommunitiesaredoingtoaddressthisissue newoptions
ACTION:ListpolicyoptionsonWorksheet3b:Alignpolicyoptionswithobjectives
4)Assessallpolicyoptionstodeterminehowtheyfitwithyourgoalsandobjectives. Practicalpolicyoptionsarethosethatdirectlycontributetooneormoreofyourpolicyobjectives.Remove policyoptionsthatdonotcontributetoyourobjectives.Createnewpolicyoptionstoaddressobjectives thatarenotmatchedwithanoption.
ACTION:ConnectyourpolicyoptionsonWorksheet3b:Alignpolicyoptionswithobjectives, withtheobjectivesthattheywillhelpmeet
26
Tips Whilesomeideasarealreadypopular,someideasmightbenewandneedsomeexplanationin ordertopersuadethecommunitytosupportthem,astheymaynotyetbeunderstood.

Havingstructuresandprocessesinplacetomonitorandevaluateyourpolicytodocumentprogress isimportanttoevaluatethepolicysimpactandtocheckthatgoalsandobjectivesaremet.
Step3Resources
Theappendixsectionofthistoolkitprovidespolicyideastmayhelpimproveyoursituationandbuild healthiercommunities; CancerViewCanadaprovidesasearchableinventoryofCanadianpoliciesandlegislationrelatingto keymodifiableriskfactorsforcancerandrelatedchronicdiseases; THCUsonlineresourcedatabasecontainsacomprehensivelistofresourcestosupportyourefforts towritegoodgoalsandobjectives; TheCanadianBestPracticesPortalforHealthPromotionandChronicDiseasePreventionincludes examplesoflocalandprovincialpolicies; CAMHsSubstanceUsePolicyDevelopmentWorksheetincludesalistofoptionalpolicycomponents, policyprocedures,objectivesandsuggestedpolicytextthatcanbeadaptedforothertopicareas; Asasourceofpotentialpolicyoptions,theOCDPAhasdevelopedevidenceinformedmessagesand backgrounderdocumentstofocusattentionandpromotecollectiveactiononcommonissuesto improvethehealthofOntarians; TheJointConsortiumforSchoolHealthhasnumerousfactsheets,reviewsandresourcesincluding ToolkitsforSchoolPolicyMakersandDecisionMakers.
Communityexample
OpheaprovidesacasestudyoutliningYorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsjourneytowardsa HealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy.
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Developpolicygoalsandobjectives Usethespacebelowtoidentifygoalsandobjectivesthatwillhelpyouachieveyourgoals.Makesurethatyour objectivesareSMART(refertoStep3formoredetail). GOAL:Abroadstatementtosummarizewhatyouaretryingtochangewithyourpolicy.
Worksheet3a:DevelopGoals,ObjectivesandPolicyOptions
(E.g.Toreducetheincidenceofunderagesmoking) FinalGoal: OBJECTIVES:Specificstatementstodescribewhatshouldhappen,towhom,andbywhen,basedon yourultimatepolicygoal. (E.g.Eliminatesmokingin50%ofthecommunitysplaygroundswithinthesixmonths)

Whatmeasurablechangewouldyouliketoachieve? Inwhichgrouporpopulationwillthatchangeoccur? Byhowmuch? Bywhen? OBJECTIVE1: Whatmeasurablechangewouldyouliketoachieve? Inwhichgrouporpopulationwillthatchangeoccur? Byhowmuch? Bywhen? OBJECTIVE2: Whatmeasurablechangewouldyouliketoachieve? Inwhichgrouporpopulationwillthatchangeoccur? Byhowmuch? Bywhen? OBJECTIVE3:
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Worksheet3b:DevelopGoals,ObjectivesandPolicyOptions
Alignpolicyoptionswithobjectives
Listyourpolicyoptionsinthelefthandcolumnandyourobjectivesintherighthandcolumn.Drawlines connectingeachpolicyoptiontotheobjectivesthatitwillhelpmeet.Policyoptionsthatdonotcontributeto yourobjectivesshouldberemoved.Generatenewpolicyoptionstoaddressobjectivesthatarenotmatched withoptions.Pleaserefertotheexamplebelowonhowtomatchyourpolicyoptionswiththeirobjectives.Note thatyoumayhavemorepolicyoptionsthanobjectives.
POLICYOPTIONS OBJECTIVES E.g.30%increaseintheproportionofstudents engagedinmoderatephysicalactivityforat leastthirtyminutesperdaywithinoneyears time.
E.g.Establishanactiveschooltravelpolicythat promotessafe,activetraveltoandfromschool.
E.g.Establishaninclusivephysicalactivitypolicy forsportprogramsinschoolthatensuresthat allstudentscanparticipateinasupportive environment.
AreyoureadytomovetoStep4?Step3checklist:
Haveyouidentifiedoneortwogoalsandareasonablenumberofpolicyobjectives? AreyourobjectivesSMART? Doyouhaveatleasttwo,maximumfour,policyoptionstopresenttodecisionmakers? Doyouhaveanunderstandingoftheexpectedlevelofcommunitysupportforeachofyourpolicy options?
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Step4:IdentifyandUnderstandKeyDecisionMakersandInfluencers
Step1
Step2

Yes
No

Step3
Step4
Step5
Yes
No
Step6
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Step8

31
Step4:IdentifyandUnderstandKeyDecisionMakersandInfluencers
Goalofthisstep:
Todecidewhichdecisionmakersandinfluencerswillbethefocusofyoursupportbuildingefforts.
Developingconnectionsandpartnershipswithdecisionmakersandinfluencerscanincreasethechances ofyourpolicybeingadoptedandproperlyimplemented.Choosingthewrongpeoplecanresultinwasted resourcesandmayalsojeopardizefuturepolicydevelopmenteffortsorpartnershipopportunities. UnderstandingyourdecisionmakersandinfluencerswillfuelyoureffortstobuildsupportinStep5, BuildingSupportforHealthyPublicPolicies.
Howtodothisstep:
1)Developalistofkeydecisionmakersandinfluencers. 2)Findoutasmuchasyoucanabouthowtheseindividualsorgroupsmakedecisions. 3)Prioritizeanddeterminetheorderinwhichyouwillengagethesedecisionmakersandinfluencers. 1)Developalistofkeydecisionmakersandinfluencers. Decisionmakersareindividualswhodecideonacourseofaction.Whothefinaldecisionmakeris dependsonthefollowing: thepolicybeingputforward whoisofficiallyresponsible whohasbeenchosenbyparticipantstomakethedecision Influencersareindividualswhoexertorproduceeffectsontheactions,behaviour,opinions,etc.,of others.Theseinfluencers(includingdecisionmakersconstituentsandstaff,communityleaders,and otherdecisionmakers)areextremelyimportantindeterminingwhetherornotyourpolicygetsadopted andisproperlyimplemented. Startbybrainstormingagenericlistofpositionsortypesofpeoplethatmaybedecisionmakers(i.e. governmentofficials,executives/leaders/boardorcommitteemembersofanorganization)orkey influencers(i.e.schoolprincipals,parentcouncils,citycouncilmembers),thentalktoyourpartners(i.e. localorganizations,publichealthunits)andconductotherresearchasnecessary(makephonecalls,meet forconsultations)tomakeamorespecificlist,namingindividualswhereverpossible.
ACTION:ListthekeydecisionmakersonWorksheet4a: Identifyandunderstandkeydecisionmakersandthe influencersonWorksheet4b:Identifyandunderstandinfluencers
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2)Findoutasmuchasyoucanabouthowtheseindividualsorgroupsmakedecisions. Familiarizingyourselfwiththepeoplewhoyouwishtopersuadetotakeaparticularactioniscalled audienceanalysis.Beforeembarkingoneffortstobuildsupportforagivenpolicy,itisimportantto answerthefollowingquestionsaboutyourdecisionmakers: Ifanindividual,whatistheirspecificposition? Whatkindsofdecisionsdotheyhavethepowertomake? Whatkindofprocessesdotheygothroughbeforemakingadecision(e.g.,researchstudies,public hearings,consultationswithcertainindividuals)? Wheredotheycurrentlystandontheissue?Onrelatedissues? Whatkindofactionorpositionhavetheytakenonsimilarissuesinthepast? Whatmotivatesthemingeneral(e.g.status,personalvalues,servingtheirconstituents,etc.)? Whatkindofrelationshipdotheyhavewiththecommunity?Whatdoesthecommunitythinkof them? Whatarethebestwaystocommunicatewiththem?
Itisimportanttocollectsimilarinformationabouttheirinfluencers.Forexample: Whatkindsofdecisionsdotheyinfluence? Whatkindofpersuasionoradvocacyprocessesdotheyuseorparticipatein(e.g.public demonstrations,quietrelationshipbuilding,mediaadvocacy)? Wheredotheycurrentlystandontheissue?Onrelatedissues? Whatdotheystandtogainorlosefromthepassingofyoursuggestedpolicy? Whatkindofactionorpositionhavetheytakenonsimilarissuesinthepast? Whatkindofrelationshipdotheyhavewiththecommunity?Whatdoesthecommunitythinkof them? Whatarethebestwaystocommunicatewiththem?
Youmaythinkofothertypesofaudienceanalysisinformationthatwillhelpdirectyoureffortstobuild supportforyourpolicy,suchasanindividualspersonalinterests(e.g.family,hobbies).Avoidmaking assumptionsaboutrelevantdecisionmakersandinfluencersbyresearchingthemtalktoyourpartners andtheirorganizationsaboutthesepeople,reviewanycommunitymediacoverageonthem,etc. 3)Prioritizeanddeterminetheorderinwhichyouwillengagethesedecisionmakersandinfluencers. Makealistofthetopfivemostpowerfuldecisionmakersandinfluencersonyourlist.Makeanotherlistof thetopfivemostaccessibledecisionmakersandinfluencersonyourlist(i.e.,thosewhoaremost interestedinyourcause,arewillingtodiscusstheissuewithyou,etc.).Wheredotheyoverlap?Thismay helpyoutoprioritizeandchoosethedecisionmakersandinfluencersthatwillassistyoursupportbuilding effortsinthenextstep. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 33
ACTION:Prioritizeandselectthedecisionmakersandinfluencersthatwillbestsupportyour effortsasyoumoveintoStep5:Rankthepowerandaccessibilityofthedecisionmakers andinfluencersonWorksheet4aandWorksheet4b Tips Askcoworkers,neighbours,localorganizationsandgovernmentofficialsfornamesofpeople whoshouldbeaddedtoyourlistofdecisionmakersandinfluencers.Thesesameindividuals mayhaveinformationaboutthecharacteristicsoftheseindividuals/organizations. Trytochooseawiderangeofpeopleatdifferentlevelsoftheorganizationtowidenthescope ofpotentialinfluencers. Reviewthesuggestionsforvarioustypes,methods,andsourcesofinformationprovidedin Steps1and2whengeneratingaplantocollectyouraudienceanalysisdata. Chooseyourdecisionmakerscarefully.Forexample,ifyourissuerelatestoamunicipalbylaw, askthecityclerktohelpyoudeterminewhowouldbebesttoapproachandhow.Dont automaticallystartwiththepersonatthetop;youmaybemoresuccessfulwiththesupportof someonelowerdowninthehierarchy.Youprobablywanttostartwithsympatheticpeoplewho arelinkedwithyourdecisionmaker. Trytofindanallyinpublicoffice(e.g.,schooltrusteeormunicipalcouncillor).Thispersoncan beapowerfulchampionforyourpolicyandhelpinfluenceotherdecisionmakers. Step4:Resources
THCUsOnlineResourceDatabasecontainsresourcesrelatedtothisstepofthepolicydevelopment process; THCUalsohasgenericresourcesonconductinganaudienceanalysis; FindyourLocalMemberofParliamentatwww.parl.gc.ca.Under"CurrentParliamentarians,"enter yourpostalcodeandclick"Find."ContactyourlocalMPusingthecontactinformationprovidedfor boththeparliamentaryaddressandtheconstituencyaddress; FindyourLocalMemberofProvincialParliamentatwww.ontla.on.ca.Youcanthencommunicate withthembyclickingonContactanMPP; FindthenameofyourridingbyvisitingtheElectionsOntariowebsiteandenteringyourpostal code.
CommunityExamples:
InNovember1999,theCityofLondon,Ontario,passedanidlingcontrolbylaw.Thiscasestudy provideslessonslearnedfrompartieswhowereinvolvedininitiatingthebylaw. OpheaprovidesacasestudyoutliningYorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsjourneytowardsa HealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy. 34
Worksheet4a:IdentifyandUnderstandKeyDecisionMakersandInfluencers Identifyandunderstandkeydecisionmakers
Usingthetablebelow,listdecisionmakersrelatedtothepolicyyouareplanningtopursue.Notethattheremightbeonedecisionmaker,agroupof decisionmakers,orahierarchicalseriesofdecisionmakers.ThequestionsoutlinedinStep4ofthetoolkitwillhelpyoucollectinformationaboutyour decisionmakers.Summarizewhatyouknowabouteachinthetableandusethisinformationtohelpyouidentifythetop5individuals/organizationsthatare: a)important/powerfulandb)accessible.Thiswillhelpyoumakeyourfinaldecisionaboutwhichdecisionmakersyoushouldfocusyourpersuasionefforts on.
Decisionmaking individualsor organizationsrelated tothepolicyyouare pursuing

E.g.JohnPerson,principal oflocalhighschool
Listkeycharacteristicsof thisdecisionmaker whatdoyouknowabout thisperson? Wheretheystandonthe issue,actionstheyhave takenonthisissue, communitysperception ofthem.
Listthetop5most important/powerful decisionmakers 1. 2. 3. 4.
Listthetop5most accessibledecision makers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Listyourtop5decision makers(according topriority) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 35
5.
Worksheet4b:IdentifyandUnderstandKeyDecisionMakersandInfluencers Identifyandunderstandinfluencers
Usingthetablebelow,listinfluencersrelatedtothepolicyyouareplanningtopursue.Notethattheremightbeoneinfluencer,agroupofinfluencers,ora hierarchicalseriesofinfluencers.ThequestionsoutlinedinStep4ofthetoolkitwillhelpyoucollectinformationaboutyourinfluencers.Summarizewhatyou knowabouteachinfluencerinthetableandusethisinformationtohelpyouidentifythetop5individuals/organizationsthatare:a)important/powerfuland b)accessible.Thiswillhelpyoumakeyourfinaldecisionaboutwhichinfluencersyoushouldfocusyourpersuasioneffortson.
Listindividualsor Whatdoyouknowabout Listthetop5most organizationswhoare thisinfluencer? important/powerful influencersrelatedtothe Listkeycharacteristics. influencers policyyouarepursuing E.g.MaryPerson,Parent Wheretheystandonthe 1. issue,actionstheyhave takenonthisissue, communitysperception 2. ofthem. 3. 4.

Listthetop5most accessibleinfluencers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Listyourtop5 influencers(accordingto priority) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
5.
Doyouhaveashortlistofdecisionmakersandinfluencers? Haveyoufamiliarizedyourselfwiththedecisionmakersandinfluencersonyourshortlist? Doyouhavetheresourcestoengagedecisionmakersandinfluencersasyoubuildsupportforyour policyinStep5?

Step5:BuildSupportforHealthyPublicPolicies

Step1
Step2

Yes
No

Step3
Step4
Step5
Yes
No
Step6
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Step8

38
Step5:BuildSupportforHealthyPublicPolicies
Goalofthisstep:
Toreachkeydecisionmakersandinfluencersthrougheffectivecommunicationchannelsandvehicles, effectivelypromotingthemessagesthatwillhelptobuildsupportforyourchosenpolicyoptions(tobe writteninStep6).
Gettingsupportforyourpolicywillhelpyougetyourpolicyapproved.Whetherornotyougetsupportfor yourpolicyoftendependsonyourmessageandhowyoudeliverit(i.e.whichcommunicationchannels andvehiclesyouchoose).Beingstrategicastowhom,when,andhowyourelayyourmessageswillallow youtomakeoptimaluseofavailableresources.Aneffectivecommunicationplanwillhelppersuade peopleandgatheradditionalinformationtosupportyoutoimproveyourpersuasionstrategy.Youcan alsoworkwithgroupswithcommongoalsandintereststoincreasetheimpactofyourefforts!
Howtodothisstep:
1)Choosechannelsandvehiclestoreachdecisionmakersandinfluencers. 2)Developmessagestosendthroughthosechannelsandvehicles. 3)Implementandassessthecommunicationactivitiesoveranextendedperiodoftimesothatdecision makersandinfluencersarepreparedtoacceptthepolicythatyouwilldevelopinStep6,Write/Revisethe Policy. 1)Choosechannelsandvehiclestoreachdecisionmakersandinfluencers InStep4,youprioritizedandchosepeopleandorganizationsonwhichtofocusyoursupportbuilding efforts.Youalsoexploredthebestwaystocommunicatewiththem.Itisnowtimetochoosethechannels andvehiclesyouwillusetoreachthem. Channelsarebroadwaysinwhichamessageissent(viaTV,radio,Internet,interpersonalcommunication, etc.),whereasvehiclesarespecificwaysofdeliveringmessagesthroughthosechannels(e.g.adsand PublicServiceAnnouncementsonTV,blogsontheInternet,presentationsorlettersasinterpersonal vehicles,etc.) Whentryingtoreachdifferentpeopleandorganizations,usespecificchannelsandvehiclesyouknowthey payattentionto,ratherthantryingtoreacheveryonethroughthesamemethods.Usetheinformation thatyougatheredinStep4tohelpyoumakethesedecisions. InadditiontotheinformationyougatheredthroughyouraudienceanalysisinStep4,thechannelsand vehiclesyouchoosewillalsodependon: Theamountofattentionyoudesireatagivenpointinyoursupportbuildingefforts; Whetheryouneedonewaycommunicationoratwowaydialoguewithcertainindividualsand organizations;and Theresourcesthatyouhaveavailable. 39 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca
Examplesoflow,medium,andhighprofilevehicles: LOWPROFILE MEDIUMPROFILE HIGHPROFILE Largelymassmedia, presentations,print publiccriticism P.R.andadcampaigns workopposition releaseinformation demonstratingatrallies pressconference letterspublishedinhigh profilenewspapers
Largelybyphoneorfacetoface quietnegotiation meetingwithcivil servants sharingofinformation nonpublicbriefs petition publicbriefs MPPvisitations allianceswithothergroups letterstoMPPs posters,pamphlets marches telephone/webcampaign speakingatapublicforum meetingwithcivilservants
ACTION:Identifywhichchannelsandvehiclesyouwilluseforeach ofyourpriorityaudiencesonWorksheet5a:Communicationstrategyandtimeline
2)Developmessagestosendthroughthosechannelsandvehicles. InStep1,youdevelopedanunderstandingofthecausesandimpactoftheproblem,theperceptionof variousstakeholdersaboutthisproblem,andvariouspossiblesolutions.InStep2,youfoundinformation thathelpedyoutounderstandthereadinessofyourcommunityandyourorganizationtomoveforward withpolicydevelopment.InStep3,youidentifiedgoals,objectivesandalistofpolicyoptionsthatcould solveyourproblem.InStep4,youidentifiedandconductedresearchtobetterunderstandthedecision makersandinfluencerswhosesupportyouneedtoadoptandimplementyourpolicy. Itisnowtimetouseallofthatinformationtocraftmessagesthatwillpersuadeyourprioritydecision makersandinfluencerstosupportyourpolicyorsolidifytheircommitmenttoadoptingandimplementing yourpolicy. Likechannelsandvehicles,messagesalsoneedtobetailoredtodifferentindividualsandorganizations.Be suretorefineyourmessagesovertimeasthecommunityenvironmentandreadinesschanges. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 40
Everymessage,nomatterwhatvehicleyouchoose,shouldincludethreebasictypesofinformation: 1. Whatyouwanttheaudiencetodo(nowwhat?) 2. Whyyouthinktheyshouldcare(sowhat?) 3. Whatelsedotheyneedtoknowtomaketheirdecision(whatelse?) Messagecontentshouldalsoaddress Thelinksbetweenthepolicyandacompellingissueorproblem; Simpledescriptionsoftheproposedsolutions;and Signswithinthecommunitythatchangeiswarrantedanddesired(e.g.,publicopinion,discussion anddebateamongcommunitygroups,mediacoverage). Messagesshouldalsoeitherdirectlyorindirectlyaddressargumentsfromyouropposition,suchas: Theproposedchangeistoocostly; Increasedregulationsrestrictindividualfreedoms; Thereisanalternative(nonpolicy)solutiontotheproblem; Thereisstilldebateabouttheoriginof,andthereforethebestsolutionto,theproblem. ACTION:Identifyyourkeymessagesforeachpriorityaudience onWorksheet5b:Messagedevelopment 3)Implementandassesscommunicationactivitiesoveranextendedperiodoftimesothatdecision makersandinfluencersarepreparedtoacceptthepolicythatyouwilldevelopinStep6. Inpolicydevelopment,youmustuseandadaptdifferentmethods,aspublicopinion,media,anddecision makerenvironmentschangeovertime.Itisimportanttoconstantlyscanthecommunityforopportunities togetyourmessagesout.Becauseoftheconstantlychangingnatureofthepolicydevelopmentprocess, yourcommunicationstrategymayneedtoberevisedseveraltimesbeforeyouarereadytopresenta completepolicytodecisionmakers.

Step5Resources
TheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance(OCDPA)hasdevelopedevidenceinformed messagestofocusattentionandpromotecollectiveactiontoimprovingthehealthofOntarians. Potentialpolicyoptionscouldarisefromeachofthemessageswhichsupporthealthierliving conditions; AttheOctober2008THCUHealthPromotionSkillsWorkshopinToronto,THCUfilmedLarry Grand'sLectureonInfluencingPolicyChangesandDevelopment.Thispracticalandpunchyonline presentationcoversthefollowingtopics:UnderstandingtheProblem,DucksinaRow,Clear MarchingOrders,DoestheShoeFit?,WritingisaSkill,SometimesitisBettertoWalkAway, SometimesitisGoodtoGowithYourGut,ThePolicyMustbe"Followed"; AbriefsummaryofMakingtheCaseSteps,MakingtheCaseAtaGlanceprovidesinformationon theeffectivenessofhealthpromotion,includingwaystoaccess,interpret,andpresentthis informationforthepurposeofconvincingkeystakeholdergroupstosupporthealthpromotion initiatives; TheJointConsortiumforSchoolHealthhasnumerousfactsheets,reviewsandresourcesincluding ToolkitsforSchoolPolicyMakersandDecisionMakers; OneofTHCUsmostpopulartools,theHealthCommunicationMessageReviewToolexplainsthe minimumcriteriafordevelopingapersuasivemessage.McGuire'sHierarchyofEffectsisdiscussed astheoverarchingbasisforthetool; Mediaadvocacyistheprocessofworkingwiththemediatoinfluencehealthypublicpolicies throughshapingdebateaboutthetopic.Successfulmediaadvocacyensuresthatissuesincludea publichealthperspective,emphasizethesocial,cultural,economicandpoliticaldimensionsof healthproblems,andstresstheimportanceofparticipationandempowermentinhealth promotion.THCUs2002workbookprovidesarecommendedprocesswithtipsandstrategies.
Communityexamples
TheHeartHealthResourceCentresnewsletter@heartnewsletter(Summer2007issue)provides examplesofcommunitypartnerseffortstoeducatethepublicandinfluencedecisionmakersto supportpolicychange.
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Worksheet5a:BuildSupportforHealthyPublicPolicies Communicationstrategyandtimelines Inthetablebelow,identifythemostimportantdecisionmakersandinfluencersthatyouintendtocommunicatewithaboutyourpolicystrategy,asperStep 4,andidentifythebestcommunicationchannelsandvehiclesthatyouwillusetoreacheachofthem.Yourchoicesofchannelsandvehiclesshouldalso dependontheamountofattentionyoudesireatthispointinyoursupportbuildingefforts,whetheryouneedonewayortwowaycommunication,and whatresourcesyouhaveavailable.Youmayalsowishtoidentifytimelines,resources,andindividualsresponsibleforcarryingouteachcommunicationtask.
Top5decision makersand influencers
Channelsand vehiclesrequiredto reachthem
E.g.JohnPerson, E.g.Facetoface principaloflocalhigh meetings school

Keymessagesto sendthrough specifiedchannels andvehicles E.g.Needfor healthierschool environment
HumanResources required(staffto comment/react) E.g.Staff Parents Students
Deadline
FinancialResources Allocated n/a
E.g.ByDecember
43
Worksheet5b:BuildSupportforaPolicy Messagedevelopment Usetheworksheetbelowtomakenotesaboutthekeymessagesyouwishtoconveytodecisionmakersand influencers.Notethatnotallkeymessageswillbeappropriateforallofthepeoplewithwhichyouintendto communicate,althoughtherewillbequitealotofoverlap. AsnotedinStep5ofthetoolkit,besurethatyouincludeinformationaboutwhatyouwantthemtodo,whythey shouldcareaboutthissituation,andwhatelsetheyneedtoknowtomakeadecision.Also,includepointsabout howyouwilladdressexpectedargumentsagainstyourpolicy.Later,youcanidentifywhichmessagesshouldgoin eachcommunicationpiecethatyoudevelop.
MESSAGEDEVELOPMENT Questions
Whatareyouaskingthemtodo?
Keypoints
Supportivecontenttoconsider
Whyshouldtheycareaboutthis issue/situation? Whatelsedotheyneedtoknowto makeadecision? Other:
Counterarguments toconsider
Theproposedchangeistoocostly.
Keyresponses
Increasedregulationsrestrict individualfreedoms.
Thereisanalternative(nonpolicy) solutiontotheissue.
Thereisstilldebateaboutthe originof,andthereforethebest solutionto,theissue. Other:
44
Haveyouchosenareasonablenumberofvehiclesforeachpriorityaudience?Cantheybeused withtheresourcesthatyouhaveavailable? Haveyouchosenavarietyofcommunicationvehicles(i.e.bothonewayandtwoway communication)? Areyourvehiclechoicesappropriatefortheinformationgainedaboutyourdecisionmakersand influencers(Step4)andbyinformationaboutcommunityreadinessgatheredinStep2? Doyourmessagesclearlyanswerthequestions,nowwhat?,sowhat?,andwhatelse?
45
Step6:Writeand/orRevisethePolicy

Step1
Step2

Yes
No

Step3
Step4
Step5
Yes
No
Step6
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Step8

46
Step6:Writeand/orRevisethePolicy
Goalofthisstep:
Todefinethespecificlogisticalandlegalaspectsofapolicy.
Theprecisewordingofthepolicyoftendictateswhetherornotitwillbeadopted.Clearandconcise wordingofapolicywillhelpensurealignmentwithpolicygoalsandobjectives,gainsupportfrom stakeholdersandfacilitateproperimplementationofthepolicy.
Howtodothisstep:
1)Writethepolicy. 2)Consultwithstakeholders. 3)Revisethepolicyuntilapprovalisgainedfromdecisionmakers.ItmaybenecessarytorepeatStep6 severaltimesinordertoarriveatapolicythatsatisfiesallstakeholders. 1)Writethepolicy. Gatherpolicyexamplestohelpyouwiththewritingprocess. Agoodpolicyincludes: Aprefaceorpreambledescribingthepurposeofthepolicy; Adescriptionofthepolicygoalsandobjectives,andhowthepolicymeetsthoseobjectives; Adescriptionoftheactivities,regulationsandsanctions,includingwhoisresponsibleforwhat;and Proceduresforfailuretocomplywiththepolicy.
ACTION:Identifythemaincontentforeachoftheaboveparts ofapolicyinWorksheet6a:Policycontentoutline
2)Consultwithstakeholders. Consultingwithstakeholdersthroughoutthewritingandrevisionprocessishighlyrecommended. Communityconsultationsareoftenapartofthisprocess.Itisalsowisetoconsultwithalegalprofessional (e.g.lawyer)oranindividualwhohaspriorexperiencerelatingtothepolicy,toensurethatthepolicycan beenforced.Itisimportantthatstakeholdersnotonlysupportthepolicyinprinciple,butalsounderstand allofthedetails. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 47
ACTION:Identifywhichstakeholdersneedtobeconsulted,andhow inWorksheet6b:Policystakeholderconsultationplan
3)Revisethepolicyuntilthedecisionmaker(s)grantapproval. Bepreparedtorevisethepolicyasmanytimesasneededtogainapprovalfromdecisionmakers. Rememberthatwritingisaskill.Considerhiringaprofessionaltoeditorwriteportionsofthepolicyto ensurethatitiswrittenintheclearestlanguagepossible.
Tips Policywritingrequiresaspecializedskillset.Itmaybenecessarytoseekexpertservicesforthis task,suchasthoseofalawyeroranindividualwhohaspriorexperience. Iftheproposedpolicywillnotbeenforcedandtherewillbenoconsequencesfornotcomplying withtheproposedpolicy,thenitisnotapolicy! Ifpossible,workwithasmallgrouptodraftgeneralpolicyideasbutputonepersoninchargeof drafting,formatting,andeditingthepolicy. Continuetobuildormaintainsupportforthepolicybeingproposed. Revieweverydraftofthepolicyagainstyourpolicygoalsandobjectivestoensurethattheyare aligned.
Policydevelopmentisnotastepbystepprocess.Evenatthisstage,youmayneedtorevisitprevious stepstobetterunderstandtheissueofconcernandthepolicy.

Step6Resources
WritingisaSkill,avideosegmentpresentedbyLarryGrandattheTHCUHealthPromotionSkills WorkshopinToronto,isavailableforviewinghere:LectureonInfluencingPolicyChangesand Development TheOntarioHeartHealthNetwork:CollaborativePolicyScanWorkGroupconducteda descriptivestudytoscanforpoliciesacrossthe37OHHPTakingActionforHealthyLiving CommunityPartnerships; ThePlay,Live,BeTobaccoFreeinitiativeprovidesanexampleofatobaccofreepolicy; OpheasMenuofChoicesonlineresourcesprovideanexampleofaschoolnutritionpolicy; TheHeartHealthResourceCentre&NutritionResourceCentresPoliciesinActiondocument providesexamplesofpublicplaces,worksitesandschoolpolicies; TheOntarioTaskGrouponAffordableAccesstoRecreationFrameworkandImplementation GuideforAffordableAccesstoRecreationprovidestepbystepguidesfororganizationsand municipalgovernment; CreatetheTobaccoFreePolicyisashortresourceonthePlay,Live,BeTobaccoFreewebsite; CanadianMentalHealthAssociationhasagoodexampleofapotentialpolicyinSubmissionto theStandingCommitteeoftheLegislativeAssemblyonBill139,EmploymentStandards AmendmentAct.
Communityexample
InNovember1999,theCityofLondon,Ontario,passedanidlingcontrolbylaw.Thiscasestudy provideslessonslearnedfrompartieswhowereinvolvedininitiatingthebylaw. InJanuary2009,theYorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardapprovedtheHealthySchoolsand Workplacespolicy.
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Worksheet6a:Writeand/orRevisethePolicy Policycontentoutline
Fillinthetablebelowtomakeanoutlineforyourpolicydraft,usingallkeypointsfrompreviousworksheets. Foreachpartofthepolicy,fillinwhowillleadthepolicydevelopmentandwhoshouldbeconsultedtoreviewit (e.g.,communityconsultation,legaldepartment)below.Somepartsofthepolicymaybedividedfurther,if appropriate.
Policysectiondraftdevelopment
1.Prefaceorpreambledescribingthepurposeofthe policy. o o o
Lead
Whoshouldreview this?
2.Policygoalsandobjectives. o o o
3.Descriptionoftheactivities,regulationsandsanctions, includingwhoisresponsibleforwhat. o o o
4.Descriptionofproceduresfordealingwithfailureto complywiththepolicy. o o o
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Worksheet6b:Writeand/orRevisethePolicy Policystakeholderconsultationplan
InthetablebelowandusingtheinformationonWorksheet6a,identifythestakeholdersandtheirresponsibility(e.g.funding,implementation,enforcement) forthepolicy.Foreachstakeholder,identifythebestwayofconsultingwiththem;theconsultationmaybeawrittenexchangeofinformation(e.g.,hard copy,electronicformat,email,surveywebsite)orinperson(e.g.,workinggroups,meetings,bytelephone).Youmayalsoidentifytimelinesandresources allocatedforeachstakeholderorstakeholdergrouptocompletetheirtask.
Stakeholders (i.e.Whoshould reviewthis?) E.g.Alcoholand GamingCommission ofOntario(AGCO) inspectors
Responsibilityof stakeholders E.g.Enforcement
Methodof consultation
Humanresources required(staffto comment/react) E.g.Interviews,focus E.g.Coordinator, sessions Consultants, Assistants

Timeframefor consultation E.g.Novemberto December
Financialresources allocated E.g.$7000
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Areallstakeholderssatisfiedwiththepolicy? Doallstakeholdersunderstandthelogisticalandlegalaspectsofthepolicy? Doyouhavetheresourcestoimplementandenforcecompliancewiththepolicy? Hasyourpolicybeenapprovedbytheappropriatedecisionmakers?

Step7:EnsureallPrerequisitesareinPlaceandImplementthePolicy
Step1
Step2

Yes
No

Step3
Step4
Step5
Yes
No
Step6
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Step8

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Step7:EnsureallPrerequisitesareinPlaceandImplementthePolicy
Goalofthisstep:
Toensurethatallprerequisitesareinplaceforpolicyimplementation,andthenimplementthepolicy.
Thisstepwillhelpyouavoidsomeofthepossiblesetbackstopolicyimplementation.Manypoliciesare withdrawnwhenimplementationisnotpractical,toocostly,controversial,orwhenthereisalackof measurableprogresstowardthegoal.
Howtodothisstep:
1)Ensurethatallprerequisitesareinplaceforpolicyimplementation. 2)Implementthepolicy. 1)Ensurethatallprerequisitesareinplaceforpolicyimplementation. Beforeimplementingapolicy,ensurethat: Youhaveaplantopromote,disseminate,implement,enforce,monitorandevaluatethepolicy.Your planshouldincludeinformationonwhoisresponsibleforvariousaspectsoftheplan; Thereisanestimateoftheresourcesneededforimplementation; Thetimelineforallaspectsofimplementationisrealisticandlogicallysequenced; Youhaveconsultedwithpeopleresponsibleforfunding,enforcing,andotherwiseactinguponthe policy; Theapprovalofkeydecisionmakersandstakeholdershasbeenobtainedforboththepolicyandall aspectsoftheimplementationplan. ACTION:Ensurethatallprerequisitesareinplaceusing Worksheet7:Implementationchecklist 2)Implementthepolicy. Throughouttheimplementationprocess,continuetoconsultwithallstakeholdersresponsiblefor promoting,disseminating,implementing,enforcing,monitoringandevaluatingthepolicy.Evenwhen implementationisinprogress,youmayneedtorevisitthefirstsixstepsofthepolicydevelopment process,especiallyunderstandingthedecisionmakersandinfluencersandbuildingormaintainingsupport forthepolicy. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 54
Tips Agoodimplementationplanincludesagoodcommunicationplan,anenforcementplan,andgood signagetocreateawarenessofthepolicywhereappropriate. Asapartofyourcommunicationplan,includepromotionaboutthepositiveprogressandresults relatedtothepolicy. Toensurecontinuoussupportofyourpolicy,includedecisionmakersandinfluencersinyour communicationplans.Onceasupporterdoesnotmeanalwaysasupporter! Manypoliciesfailbecausetheyarenotproperlyenforced.Consult,consult,andconsultyetagain withthepeoplewhowillberesponsibleforenforcementtoensurethattheimplementationplanis practicalandappropriatetotheresourcesavailable. Dontdelayyourevaluationplanning(Step8).Youmaymissvaluableopportunitiestocollect baselineorprocessdataifyouwaituntilafterthepolicyisimplemented.
Step7:Resources

CommunitiesandSchoolsPromotingHealthlistssomekeyessentialsforeffectivepolicy implementationinitsPolicyModel; Policyenforcementisnecessaryinensuringsuccessfulpolicyimplementation.Play,Live,Be TobaccoFreeprovidesafewkeystosuccessinreinforcingatobaccopolicy.
Communityexamples
TheCityofTorontostaffreportillustratesthegrowingmomentumofactivitiesbyCitydivisionsto encouragegreeningandgreendevelopmentstandardsthateventuallyledtotheimplementation ofaShadePolicy. OpheaprovidesacasestudyoutliningYorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsjourneytowardsa HealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy.
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Worksheet7:ImplementthePolicy Implementationchecklist
Usethechecklistbelowtodecideifallrequirementsareinplaceforpolicyimplementation.
Conditions
Doyouhaveaplantopromote,disseminate,implement,enforce,monitorand evaluatethepolicy?Youshouldincludewhoisresponsibleforvariousaspectsofthe plan. Haveyouestimatedtheresourcesneededforimplementation?
Completed YesorNo
Yes No
Notes
Yes
No
Isyourtimelineforallaspectsofimplementationrealisticandlogicallysequenced?
Yes
No
Haveyouconsultedwiththepeopleresponsibleforfunding,enforcing,and otherwiseactinguponthepolicy? Haveyouobtainedapprovalfromkeydecisionmakersandstakeholdersforboth thepolicyandallaspectsoftheimplementationplan?
Yes
No
Yes
No
Other:
Yes
No
Other:
Yes
No
Other:
Yes
No
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Haveyouidentifiedthetimeline,resourcesrequired,andpeopleresponsiblefor: promotion dissemination othercommunication enforcement monitoring evaluation otheraspectsofimplementation? Doyouhaveaplanthatincludesconsultationwithstakeholdersastheimplementationproceeds?

Step8:MonitorandEvaluatethePolicy
Step1
Step2

Yes
No

Step3
Step4
Step5
Yes
No
Step6
Yes
No
Restrategize
Step7
Step8

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Step8:MonitorandEvaluatethePolicy
Goalofthisstep:
Todevelopandmanageanongoingsystemthatwillassistinevaluatingtheeffectivenessofyourpolicy.
Forapolicytobeeffective,itmustbeflexibletochangingcircumstancesandunintendedconsequences. Identifyingproblemsearlyonandmakingtimelychangestoyourpolicycanhelppreventthepolicyfrom beingabandonedorfullywithdrawnwhenchallengesarise.Timelymonitoringandthoroughevaluation willalsohelptodemonstrateaccountabilitytostakeholdersandreduceimplementationcosts.
Howtodothisstep:
1)Identifymonitoringandevaluationquestions. 2)Identifyindicators. 3)Developmethodsofmeasurementandprocedurestomonitorandevaluateyourpolicy. 4)Collectandsynthesizeyourdata. 5)Communicateandactonyourresults. Apolicyevaluationshould: Linkyourevaluationmeasurestothegoalsandobjectivesofthepolicy; Selectrealisticmethodstocollectdata(e.g.,questionnaires,surveys,focusgroups); Trytoincludeamixofbothquantitative(numerical)andqualitative(descriptive)datato understandtheimpactofthepolicy; Collectdatathroughoutimplementationofthepolicy. Therearemanycomprehensiveresourcesonhowtoplanforandcarryoutaneffectiveevaluation. Consultwithrelevantexpertstohelpyouplanandimplementthemonitoringandevaluationprocesses.A briefoverviewoftheprocessesisprovidedbelow. 1)Identifymonitoringandevaluationquestions. Therearetwotypesofquestionsthataremostrelevanttoassessingtheeffectivenessofapolicy:process andoutcome.Somepeoplemayrefertoprocessquestionsasmonitoringquestionsandoutcome questionsasevaluationquestions. Processquestion/monitoringquestionsdealwithhowimplementationishappening.Commonprocess evaluationquestionsinclude: 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 59 Isthepolicybeingimplementedandenforcedproperlyandreliably? Arethepeoplewhoareinvolvedinthepolicyimplementationprocesshappywiththeresults? Dothepeopleaffectedbythepolicyhaveafavourableviewofthepolicy?Ifnot,whatcanbedone toaddresstheirconcerns? Arethereanticipatedchangesthatmayaffectthepolicy?
Outcomequestions/evaluationquestionsaddresstheresultsoreffectsofapolicy,usuallyinrelationto theoverallgoalofapolicy.Commonoutcomeevaluationquestionsinclude: Isthesituationbetterthanitwasbeforethepolicywasimplemented? Ifthepolicyisnotaseffectiveasanticipated,whynot? Havetherebeenunintendedconsequencesofthepolicy?
2)Identifyindicators. Indicatorsaretheunitsofmeasurementusedtoassesstheextenttowhichobjectiveshavebeenmet. Processormonitoringindicatorshelpyoudecidewhetheryourpolicywasimplementedinthewayyou intended.Examplesofprocess/monitoringindicatorsinclude: Massmediacoverageofthepolicy; Resourcesusedtoimplementthepolicy;and Stakeholdersatisfactionwithyourimplementationprocedures.
Outcomeindicatorshelpyoudecidewhetheryourpolicyiseffectiveandsuccessful.Examplesofoutcome indicatorsinclude: Behaviouralorhealthstatusofcommunitymembers; Complianceandnoncompliancerates;and Typesofpositiveandnegativeimpactsonpeopleaffectedbythepolicy.
3)Developmethodsofmeasurementandprocedurestomonitorandevaluateyourpolicy. a)Identifythemostfeasibleevaluationmethodsandhowthedatawillbecollected.Considerstakeholder expectations,indicators,andavailableresources.Someofthechoicesinclude: asurvey interviews managementaudits recordkeeping pre/posthealthstatusmeasures
b)Determinehowandhowoftendatawillbecollected.Thisdecisionshouldincludewhoyouwillget informationfrom. c)Choose,adapt,ordevelopevaluationdatacollectiontools.Thequestionsyouwillincludeinthetools shouldbedeterminedbyyourindicatorsandthetimeandresourcesavailable.Althoughyoumayhave listeddozensofpossibleindicatorsinthestepsabove,youmayneedtoprioritizetheindicatorsthatyou wishtomeasurewhendevelopingyourmonitoringandevaluationtools,dependingontheresourcesyou haveforyourmonitoringandevaluationprocess. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 60
d)Determinetheappropriatesamplesizeandmethodstocollectyourdata.Thenumberofpeopleyou collectdatafromshouldbedictatedbythesizeofthetotaltargetpopulation,budget,desiredlevelof confidenceinresults,andtheneedtoanalyzeinformationaboutsubgroups.Alargerpopulationshould bereflectedbyalargersamplesizeascomparedtothatforasmallerpopulationsize,inordertocapture thedatamoreaccurately. 4)Collectandsynthesizeyourdata. Pilottestyourtoolsandmonitoring/evaluationmethodsinadvance,andreviseasnecessarybeforefull implementationofyourmonitoringandevaluationplan.Thiswillensurethatthemethodsandtoolswill leadtoaccurateandqualityinformation.Developastandardprocedureforinformationcollectionand synthesis,andprovideappropriatetrainingtothoseinvolved.Thiswillalsohelptoensurethatyouendup withconsistent,qualityinformation. 5)Communicateandactonyourresults. Thereasonforevaluationistotakeactiononit!Iftheresultsforyourprocessandoutcomeevaluationare negative,informstakeholders,seekfurtheradviceandactonitassoonaspossible.Positiveevaluation informationisalsoveryimportant;circulatingitquicklyandefficientlycanhelpmaintainongoingsupport forthepolicy. Tips Considerhowyouwillmonitorandevaluateyourpolicyearlyinthepolicydevelopmentprocess andensurethatprocessesandstructuresareinplacebeforeimplementingthepolicy!Hirea consultant/specialistifnecessary. Onlycollecttheinformationthatyouwilluseandactupon.Todootherwiseisawasteoftime, energy,andresources.Italsoshowsalackofrespectforthepeoplewhospenttimegivingyou valuableinformation. Useyourevaluationdata!Avoidcreatingreportsthatwillsimplysitonashelf.Withevery conclusionyoumake,decideontheimplications,recommendations,andnextsteps. Dontdelayyourevaluationplanning(Step8)butrathercollectdatathroughouttheprocess.Youmay missvaluableopportunitiestocollectstartingbaselineordevelopmentprocessdataifyouwaituntilafter Step4.
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Step8:Resources
THCUhasacomprehensivesetofresourcestosupportyourevaluationefforts,includingan EvaluationataGlancesummary,aworkbook,slideshowsandshorttrainingvideos; THCUsOnlineHealthProgramPlannerhasworksheetstohelpyouassociateyourobjectiveswith outcomeandprocessindicators; TheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitsMonitoringReportsisanexampleofamonitoringprocess whichexaminestheprogressoftheSmokeFreeOntarioStrategy,documentingchangesinthe province'stobaccocontrolclimate,includingpolicyandprograminitiativesandtobaccorelated knowledge,attitudes,andbehaviours; KeyquestionstoconsiderwhenevaluatingschoolhealthpoliciesareavailableattheCommunities andSchoolsPromotingHealthwebsite; HHRCsspring2008newsletterEvaluationataGlancesummarizesthestepstoprogramevaluation; TowardsEvidenceInformedPractice(TEIP)sProgramEvaluationToolareuserfriendlyguidelines forlocalprogramevaluation; HIGHFIVENational,adivisionofParksandRecreationOntario,hasdevelopedanassessmenttool forpolicies.TheQuestassessmenttoolscanbeusedbyorganizationsdeliveringchildrenssport andrecreationprogramstoreviewandmeasurethequalityoftheprogramandtheeffectiveness oftheorganizationspolicies.
Communityexamples
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ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies AppendixPolicyIdeasforHealthierCommunities
PolicyIdeasforHealthierCommunities
Thissectionofthetoolkitoffersevidenceinformedpolicyideasthatsupporthealthiercommunities.These policyideashavebeenidentifiedbyexpertsintherespectivepriorityarea. TakingactiononthesepolicyideassupportsthegoalsofMinistryofHealthPromotionandSportsHealthy CommunitiesFramework: 1)Tocreateacultureofhealthandwellbeing. 2)Toincreasecoordinatedactiontobuildhealthiercommunities. 3)ToincreasepoliciesandprogramsthatmakeiteasierforOntarianstobehealthy. 4)Toincreasethecapacityofleaderstoworktogethertostrengthenhealthyliving. Healthypublicpoliciesshouldbepartofacomprehensiveapproachtohealthiercommunities.Tohelpyou browsethroughthepolicyideas,theyarecategorizedbycommunities,schools,andworkplaces,andthen subcategorizedbypriorityarea:alcoholmisuse,healthyeating,injuryprevention,mentalhealth,physical activity,sportsandrecreation,andtobaccouse/exposure. Inadditiontoadvancinglocalpolicies,communitymembersshouldalsosupportprovincialinitiativesand advocateforgovernmentlevelpoliciesthathelpOntarianstoleadhealthierandmoreactivelives. Communitypartnershipisnecessarytoadvancehealthiercommunities.Formoreinformationorsupport onpolicyissues,pleasecontacttheappropriateorganizationsfoundintheSupportingHealthyPublic PoliciesandBuildingCommunityPartnershipssectionofthistoolkit. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 63
Communities
GuidingPrinciple:Establishhealthycommunitypoliciestocreatesupportive,inclusiveenvironmentsin publicfacilities(e.g.,schools,recreationcentres,municipalbuildings,libraries,hospitals)toimprove communityservicesandthebuiltenvironment,withafocusinthefollowingpriorityareas: increasingphysicalactivity preventinginjury makinghealthyfoodsaccessible reducingtobaccoexposure preventingalcoholandsubstancemisuse fosteringpositivementalhealth 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 64
Communities
PriorityArea:PhysicalActivity,SportsandRecreation Toensurethatallchildrenandtheirfamilieshaveaccessandopportunitytoparticipateinawiderangeof physicalactivityprogramsthroughouttheyear, createacoordinatedcommunityphysicalactivitypolicy withrecreation/sportproviders,communitygroupsandschoolboardsalignedwithCanadasPhysical ActivityGuidetoHealthyActiveLiving. Establishpoliciesthatreducebarrierstoparticipationinphysicalactivityandsportandrecreation programs,suchasprogramfees,equipmentcost,transportation,etc.Policiescaninclude: Feeassistanceorsubsidyprogramsforlowincomeparticipants; Freeuniversalprograms(i.e.dropinswim,supervisedplaygroundprogram)forallresidents; Equipmenttradeinprograms; Freetransportationforyouthtravelingtoprograms. Formorepolicyideas,seetheAffordableAccessPromisingPracticesGuideandtheFrameworkfor AffordableAccesstoRecreationinOntario.
Establishpoliciesthatencouragewalkinginyourcommunity: Promotesafeandactivetransportation; Improvelanduseplanningtomakeappealing,accessiblewalkroutestoreducedependenceon cars; Developconnectedwalkingroutesincommunities; Reduceroaddanger. SeetheInternationalCharterforWalkingformorepolicyideastoprovideaframeworkforcreating healthy,efficient,andsustainablecommunitieswherepeoplechoosetowalk. Whileeachcommunitywillbaseitspolicyonlocalneedsandresources,examplescaninclude: Jointuseagreementsbetweenschoolboardsandmunicipalitiesthatstreamlinefacilityrentalfor communitygroups; Establishanactiveschooltravelpolicythatpromotessafe,activetraveltoandfromschool; EstablishpolicythatsupportstheintegrationoftheCanadaSportforLifemodelintotheeducation, recreation,activeliving,andsportdevelopmentsystems; Ensurethedevelopmentofprogramsfacilitatingparticipationinphysicalactivityinlessactive populations; Developinnovativeandaccessibleafterschoolprogramslinkingcommunityrecreationprograms andservicestoschools;
Useeffectivecommunication,includingsocialmarketing,toincreaseawarenessamongall communitymembersabouthowandwheretobephysicallyactive.
Formorepolicyideas,seeTheTorontoCharterforPhysicalActivity:AGlobalCalltoAction,whichprovides aframeworktobuildhealthier,active,environmentallysustainablecommunities. Communities PriorityArea:InjuryPrevention Modifythehumanmadesurroundingsthatprovidethesettingforolderadultsactivities.Example: Increasethetrafficsignaltimetocrossthestreet; Workwithpublicbuildingmanagerstodesignuniformstairwayrise/depth(7inchesdeep/11 incheshigh); Installhandrailsonbothsidesofthestairsandprovidelightingatthetopandbottomofthestairs; Aligncrosswalkswithcurbcuts; Askmunicipalitiestodevelopapublichazardhotline; Conducthomeinspectionsusingahomesafetychecklistandfollowupwithmodificationchanges.
Supportpersonalprogramsforolderadultsthatfocusonphysicalactivity,medicationreviewand modification,andhealthmanagement.Forexample: Offerexerciseprogramswithbalancetraining,e.g.,TaiChi,weightandresistancetraining,walking, anddancing; Increaseawarenessaboutannualreviewsfordrugdosesandmedicationinteractions; Providesocialactivitiestocreatewidersocialnetworks,informationsharing,andjustforfun.
Modifyroaddesignsandplanstosuitthesaferoadfunctionforallroadusers: 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 66 Speedlimitsnogreaterthan30km/hinresidentialareas; Trafficcalmingmeasuresonresidentialroadsandanincreaseinmedianbarriers; Increaselocalenforcementtoreducespeeding,aggressivedrivinganddistracteddriving; Conductlocalawarenesscampaignsondriverfatigueanditsconsequences; Increasethenumberofrandombreathtestingcheckstoreduceimpaireddriving; Increasetheavailabilityofservicesthatofferbriefclinicalinterventionsandalcoholproblem assessmentsandtreatment.
Modifytheexternalsurroundingsandconditionsinwhichsportsandrecreationalactivitiestakeplace: 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 67 Maintainthegoodconditionofcommunityparksandfieldsbyremovingunevensurfaces,large holesintheground,poorlighting,andsharpsurfacesorglass; Createand/orenforcesportandrecreationalpoliciesregardingstandardsorregulationsfor sportsequipmentandappropriateprotectivegear; Whenbuildingnewarenas,designlargericesurfacestoreducetheriskofinjurytohockey players; Enforcetheruleprohibitingcheckingfrombehindinminorhockey; Keepcommunitycentresopenforextendedhourstoensurethatyouthandchildreninlow incomeareashaveasafeplacetoparticipateinsportsandrecreationactivities; Increaseawarenessaboutsportspecificrisksandprovidesafepracticealternatives.
Communities
PriorityArea:HealthyEating Establishandpromotehealthyfoodpoliciesforworkplace,publicbuildings,andfacilities,including: Guidelinesforfoodandbeveragessoldinsnackbarsandcafeteriasandservedatmeetings,special functions,andcommunityevents; Pricingstrategiesthatputthecostofhealthierfoodandbeveragechoices(e.g.vegetables,fruit, andmilk)lowerthanthecostoffoodandbeverageslowinnutritionalvalue/nutrientdensity; Promotionalstrategiesthatfeaturehealthierfoodandbeveragechoicesprominentlyonmenu boardstoencouragepurchaseoftheseitems; Eliminationofadvertisingandmarketingoffoodandbeveragesoflownutritionalvalue/low nutrientdensityonmenus,menuboards,vendingmachines,scoreboardspoolfloors,gyms,etc.; Provisionofnutritioneducationforallfoodservicestaff.
Establishpoliciestosupporttheuseoflocalfoodsinthecommunityandformunicipalorregionalfood venues,communityprogramsandevents,including: Localsustainablefoodprocurementpracticesformunicipalfoodservicesandrecreationfacilities, grocerystores,foodmarkets,andconveniencestores; Useoflocallyproducedfoodforcommunityeventsandcommunityfoodboxandmealprograms; Supportoffarmersmarkets/roadsidestallstoprovidegreateraccesstolocallyproducedfoods. Establishmunicipalplanningandtransportationpoliciesthatincreaseaccesstohealthyfood,including: Municipalandregionalplansthatincludesitesforgrocerystores,foodmarkets,farmersmarkets andcommunitygardens; Transportationroutes/busstopswithinwalkingdistanceofgrocerystoresandfoodmarkets. 68 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca
Communities
PriorityArea:TobaccoUse/Exposure Bansmoking/tobaccouse: Ninemetresaroundexits/entrances; Ninemetresfrombuildingsusedformedialdiagnostictesting; Inallrestaurants,bars,andpatios; Inallcondominiums,apartmentbuildings,andpublichousing; Outdoorworkplaces(e.g.constructionsites)andnonworkplaceenvironments(e.g.beaches,parks, playgrounds,sportsfields). Increaseauthorityforinspectorsto Immediatelyissuefines; Closestores; Takeotheractionssimilartofoodinspections. Implement(orincreaseexisting)licensingfeesfor: Existingtobaccovendors; Prospectivetobaccovendors. Establishmunicipallimitsonthenumberoftobaccoretaillicensesavailable. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 69
Communities
PriorityArea:AlcoholMisuse Restrictorbanalcoholadvertisements/signage.Thiscouldinclude: Bansponsorshipfromorganizationsassociatedwiththeproductionand/orsaleofalcohol; Banalcoholadvertisements/signageatpatios,universityandcollegegrounds,beaches,parks, playgrounds,paradegrounds; Limitthenumberofalcoholadvertisements/signageallowedontheproperty; Limitthesizeofalcoholadvertisements/signageallowedontheproperty; Restrictwherealcoholadvertisements/signagecouldbeplaced; Restrictthevisibilityoftheadvertisements/signagewithintheproperty. Establishcomprehensivealcoholpoliciesforhealthservicesproviders,including: Screening,briefinterventionsandreferralwithatriskdrinkers; Mutualhelp/selfhelpattendance; Medicalandsocialdetoxification; Talktherapiesthathaveshowntohaveapositiveimpact. Supportcomprehensivealcoholpoliciesatthegovernmentlevel,including 1: AlcoholtaxesindexedwithConsumerPriceIndex(CPI); Setindexedminimumalcoholprices; Governmentcontrolofalcoholretailing; Restrictthenumberofoutletswithinagivenarea; Limitationsonhoursanddaysofsale; Insurethatpricingisbasedonethanolcontentperstandarddrink,e.g.abottleofhigherstrength beerisnotcheaperthanlowerstrengthbottle; Enhancedenforcementofonpremiselawsandlegalrequirements; Legalliabilityofalcoholicbeverageservers; Legalrestrictionsonexposuretoalcoholadvertising; EnhancedLiquorLicenseActenforcementofonpremiselawsandlegalrequirements(suchas AGCOinspectorsoradvocateformoreAGCOinspectors).
Drinkinganddrivingcontrolsarepartofacomprehensivealcoholpolicy.However,theyarenotincludedsincethefocusison alcoholandchronicdisease.Insomecases,communitiescanadvocateforchangesattheprovinciallevel,andinothers,can enactchangesintheirjurisdiction.ThelististakenfromT.Baboretal.(2010)AlcoholNoOrdinaryCommodityresearchand publicpolicy.Oxford:OxfordU.Press,pp.243248.
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Communities
PriorityArea:MentalHealth Establishpoliciesthatprovideawiderangeofeducationalopportunitiesandmakeavailableliteracy programs,jobtraining,andjobreadinessprograms. Ensureaffordableandaccessiblerecreationalactivities,andestablishpoliciesthatprovide Feeassistanceorsubsidyprogramsforlowincomeparticipants; Free,universalprograms(e.g.dropinswim,supervisedplaygroundprogram)forallresidents; Increasedavailabilityofactivitiesacrossneighbourhoods; Openingcommunityhubswheremultipleorganizationsprovidehealthandsocialservicesand recreationalprograms,andwherethereiscommunityspace. Establishpoliciesthatincreasestructuredopportunitiesforvolunteerismandcivicparticipation.Policies caninclude: Developamunicipal/regionalonlineclearinghouseofvolunteering/civicparticipation opportunities; ImplementprogramsthatincreasetheparticipationofequityseekinggroupsonBoardsand Commissions. Increaseaccesstoaffordableandsafehousing.Policiescaninclude: AspartofHumanResourcepoliciesandprocedures,allnewstaffofanorganizationmustreceive orientationandtrainingonmentalhealth; Providetrainingtoshelterstaffandotherhousingprovidersonmentalhealthandmentalillness; Combatnotinmybackyardattitudestoprovidemoreaffordablehousingoptionsinsafe neighbourhoods.
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Schools
GuidingPrinciple:ToestablishhealthyschoolpoliciesattheboardandschoollevelbasedonOntarios FoundationsforaHealthySchoolframeworkandphilosophy.Thepoliciesshouldrecognizethatall studentsandstaffareentitledtoworkandlearninahealthyenvironment.Thepolicyintentistoimprove studentachievementandstudentandstaffwellbeingthroughhighqualityinstructionandprograms, supportivesocialenvironments,healthyphysicalenvironments,andcommunitypartnerships. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 72
Schools
PriorityArea:PhysicalActivity;SportsandRecreation Createacoordinatedcommunityphysicalactivitypolicywithrecreation/sportproviders,community groupsandschoolboardsalignedwithCanadasPhysicalActivityGuidetoHealthyActiveLivingsothatall childrenandtheirfamilieshaveaccessandopportunitytoparticipateinawiderangeofphysicalactivities throughouttheyear.Healthyschoolphysicalactivitypolicieswillimprovestudentandstaffhealth through: Qualityinstructionandprograms; Supportivesocialenvironments; Healthyphysicalenvironments;and Communitypartnerships. Formoreschoolphysicalactivitypolicyideas,seetheJointConsortiumforSchoolHealthsPhysicalActivity ToolkitforSchoolPolicyMakers. Whileeachcommunitywillbaseitspolicyonlocalneedsandresources,including: Establishingjointusebetweenschoolboardsandmunicipalitiesthatstreamlinefacilityrentalfor communitygroups; Establishanactiveschooltravelpolicythatpromotessafe,activetraveltoandfromschool; EstablishpolicythatsupportstheintegrationoftheCanadaSportforLifemodelintotheeducation, recreation,activelivingandsportdevelopmentsystems; Ensurethedevelopmentofprogramsthatfacilitateparticipationinphysicalactivityinlessactive populations; Developinnovative,accessibleafterschoolprogramsthatlinkcommunityrecreationprogramsand servicestoschools; Througheffectivecommunication,includingsocialmarketing,increaseawarenessamongall communitymembersabouthowandwheretobephysicallyactive. Establishlocalpoliciesthatreducebarrierstoparticipationinsportandrecreationprograms,suchas programfees,equipmentcost,transportation,etc.Policiescaninclude: Establishjointuseagreementsbetweenschoolboardsandmunicipalitiestoimproveaccesstofacilities forsportandrecreationcommunitygroups; Establishinclusivephysicalactivitypoliciesforsportprogramsinschoolsthatensurethatallstudents canparticipateinasupportiveandnoncompetitiveenvironment. Formorepolicyideas,seetheAffordableAccessPromisingPracticesGuideandtheFrameworkfor AffordableAccesstoRecreationinOntario.
Schools
PriorityArea:HealthyEating Topromoteandsupporthealthyeatingthroughsupportivenutritionalenvironmentandincreasedaccess tohealthyfoodscompliantwithOntariosPPM150SchoolFoodandBeveragePolicy, establishschoolnutrition policiesattheboardandschoollevelthatmayinclude: Pricingstrategiesthatputthecostofhealthierfoodandbeveragechoices(e.g.vegetables,fruit, andmilk)lowerthanthecostoffoodandbeverageslowinnutritionalvalue/lownutrientdensity; Culturallyappropriatefoodchoices; Useofhealthyfoodsornonfooditemsforfundraising; Useoflocallyproducedfoodsinschoolfoodprograms; Eliminationofadvertisingandmarketingoffoodandbeveragesoflownutritionalvalue/low nutrientdensitywithintheschool(e.g.onmenuboards,vendingmachines,scoreboards,pool floors,gyms); Guidelinesforfoodandbeveragesservedatmeetingsandspecialfunctionsandschoolevents; Nutritioneducationforallteachers; Nutritioneducationforallfoodservicestaff; Nutritioneducationforparents; Safefoodhandlingpracticesandanallergysafeenvironment; Nutritionbreaksscheduledatappropriatetimeswithsufficienttimeallocatedtoeat. PriorityArea:TobaccoUse/Exposure Establishtobaccofreesaleszonesaroundschoolsandschoolpolicyaimedatbringingchildren,youth, youngadults,parentsandotherrelatives,teachers,guidancecounsellors,and/orpublichealthnursesand promoterstodiscusstobaccouseandprovidesmokingcessationassistance. Formorecomprehensiveschoolhealthpolicyideas,seetheJointConsortiumforSchoolHealth,whichhas numerousfactsheets,reviewsandresources,includingToolkitsforSchoolPolicyMakersandDecision Makers. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 74
Schools
PriorityArea:AlcoholMisuse Promote comprehensiveschoolalcoholpoliciesthatinclude: Raisingawarenessofrisksofdrinking,includingalcoholicpoisoning,impactonlearningability, increasingvictimsofviolence,andothers; Drawingattentiontolinksbetweeneasyaccesstoalcoholandthedamagingeffectsofalcoholin thestudentscommunity; Demonstratinghowprovencommunitybasedprogramsandpoliciescanbenefitallcommunity members; Outliningwhatthestudentandhis/herpeersandfamiliescandotoadvocateforandsupport effectivealcoholpoliciesinhis/hercommunity. Restrictorban alcoholadvertisements/signage and bansponsorshipfromorganizationsthatproduce and/orsellalcohol,includingsponsorshipfor Events(e.g.sports,music,school,fundraising); Productionofproducts;and Deliveryofservices. PriorityArea:MentalHealth Attheschoolboardlevel,establish,implement,andmonitorpoliciesthatsupportawholeschool approachtopromotehealthandwellbeing,andshapearespectful,welcomingandcaringschool environment(PHAC2004).Examples: Schoolsshouldprovidestudentswithprogramstopreventbullying,toincreaseawarenessabout mentalillnessandthestigmathatsurroundsit, andtobuildresilience; Boardpoliciesshouldincludecomprehensivementalhealthliteracystrategiesthataddressequity, stigma,anddiscriminationstrategies; Boardpoliciesshouldincludebuildingpartnershipswithparentsandthecommunitytocreate supportiveenvironments(e.g.providinginformationfromcommunitypartnersforparents,friends andneighbours,suchasintheschoolnewsletterandschoolbasedevents). 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 75
Workplaces
GuidingPrinciple:Establishhealthyworkplacepoliciesthatprovideeducation,support,andopportunities foremployeestoleadhealthierlives.Theaimofthispolicyistoimproveemployeewellnessbyproviding supportiveenvironments,withaccesstohealthyfoodchoicesandfacilitiestosupportphysicalactivity (e.g.showers,fitnessfacilities,outdoorwalkingareas). PriorityArea:PhysicalActivity,SportandRecreation Topromoteactivetransportationintheworkplace,establishpoliciessuchas: Providesecureindoororoutdoorspacesforbicycleparking; Provideshowersorlargerchangingroomsforemployees. Establishpoliciesthatpromotephysicalactivityintheworkplace,suchas: Providetaxabletransitoractivetransportationbenefitstoemployeesinlieuoffreeparking; Encourageparticipationinonsitephysicalactivityprogramsbyprovidingincentives; Offersubsidiesforphysicalactivitysessions/trainingaspartofWellnessprogramreimbursement (e.g.yoga,dance,selfdefence,martialarts),fitnessfacilitymemberships,employeesfitness assessments,andphysicalactivityequipment. Setuppoliciesthatsupportemployeeseffortstobephysicallyactivebyaddressingworklifebalance, suchas: Flexibleworkarrangements; Flexhours; Dressdowndays; Stretchbreakevery1.5to2hoursduringlongermeetings; Worktimeallowanceforphysicalactivity. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 76
Workplaces
PriorityArea:HealthyEating Establishhealthyfoodpoliciesforworkplaceandfacilities,including: Guidelinesforfoodandbeveragessoldinsnackbarsandcafeteriasandservedatmeetings,special functions,andcommunityevents; Pricingstrategiesthatputthecostofhealthierfoodandbeveragechoices(e.g.vegetables,fruit, andmilk)lowerthanthecostoffoodandbeverageslowinnutritionalvalueorwithlownutrient density; Promotionalstrategiesthatfeaturehealthierfoodandbeveragechoicesprominentlyonmenu boardstoencouragepurchaseoftheseitems; Eliminationofadvertisingandmarketingoffoodandbeveragesoflownutritionalvalue/low nutrientdensityincafeterias,menus,menuboards,vendingmachines,lunchrooms,tuckshops, andfitnessorotherfacilities; Localsustainablefoodprocurementpracticesforworksitefoodservices; Provisionofnutritioneducationforallfoodservicestaff; Provisionofnutritioneducationaspartofemployeewellnessprograms. PriorityArea:TobaccoUse/Exposure Bansmoking/tobaccouse Ninemetresaroundexits/entrances; Ninemetresfrombuildingsusedformedialdiagnostictesting; Onallrestaurantandbarpatios; Inallcondominiumandapartmentbuildings(voluntarypolicy); Inallpublichousing; Inoutdoorworkplaces(e.g.constructionsites)andnonworkplaceenvironments(e.g.university andcollegegrounds,expos,paradegrounds). Establishemployeehealthcarebenefitsand/orEmployeeAssistancePrograms(EAPs)whichinclude: Smokingcessationcounselling; NicotineReplacementTherapy(NRT); Pharmacotherapy. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca
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Workplaces
PriorityArea:AlcoholMisuse Introducecomprehensiveworkplacealcoholpoliciessuchas: Employees,volunteers,andcontractorsareexpectedtobefitforwork; Noemployeeshouldreportbeingunfitforworkduetotheconsequencesofalcoholconsumption; Noemployeecanconsumealcoholicbeveragesduringworkinghours. Placerestrictionsorbansonalcoholadvertisements/signageintheworkplace,including: Limitingthenumberofalcoholadvertisements/signageallowedontheproperty; Limitingthesizeofalcoholadvertisements/signageallowedontheproperty; Restrictingwherealcoholadvertisements/signagecanbeplaced; Restrictingthevisibilityoftheadvertisements/signagewithintheproperty. Bansponsorshipfromorganizationsthatproduceand/orsellalcohol,includingsponsorshipfor Events(e.g.sports,music,school,fundraising,government,corporate); Productionofproducts; Deliveryofservices.
PriorityArea:MentalHealth Establishpoliciesthatpromote,addressissuesofworkplacebullying,harassmentanddiscrimination,and promoteequity anda work/lifebalance, including: Flexibleworkhours; Worksitechildcare; Telecommuting(e.g.workingfromhome). Developpoliciesthatrequirestaffandvolunteerorientationsessionstoincludementalhealthtrainingfor peopleinpositionsofactualorperceivedpower.Forexample,managersandstaffwithprogrammatic responsibilitiesrelatedtothepublicsuchassocialhousingstaffincludingmaintenance,security,rental collection,rentsettingandrelatedpositionscouldbenefitfromthistraining. Establishpoliciesandprocedurestomanageaworkplacesdutytoaccommodateemployeesexperiencing mentaldisabilitiesintheworkplace. CreateaWorkplaceWellnessCommitteethatdevelopsandimplementsstrategiesthatpromotepositive mentalhealthforemployees.
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ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies AppendixGlossaryofTerms
GlossaryofTerms
ThefollowingdefinitionsareobtainedfromtheOntarioMinistryofHealthPromotionandSportsHealthy CommunitiesFundPartnershipStreamSupportMaterialsandTemplates(July2010).Thesetermsand definitionsmayhelpyoumovethroughthetoolkittoinfluencepolicychange. Community:WithinthecontextofHealthyCommunities,acommunityisdefinedasthecatchmentareaof thelocalBoardofHealth. CommunityAssessment:Asnapshotofthepresentusedtoplanforthefuture.Itaidsinsettingpriorities, learningmoreaboutapopulationofinterest,andanticipatingtrendsandissues.Communityassessmentis likeaneedsassessment,butitalsoconsiderscommunityneedsinbroadersocial,economic,political,and environmentalcontexts. CommunityConsultation:Theprocessofbringinggroupsandindividualsintodecisionmakingprocessesin areasthataffectthem. CommunityEngagement:CommunityEngagementis"theprocessofworkingcollaborativelywithand throughgroupsofpeopleaffiliatedbygeographicproximity,specialinterest,orsimilarsituationsto addressissuesaffectingthewellbeingofthoseinvolved".Engagementspansthedistancefromsimple informationprovisiontocomplexmultiorganizationalinitiatives,andeveryengagementprocessisunique initscontext,participants,andgoals. CommunityMobilization:Collectiveeffortscarriedoutbycommunitiesdirectedtowardsincreasing communitycontrolandimprovinghealth. HealthyCommunities:Initsquesttocreatehealthycommunities,thisconceptwascreatedbytheMinistry ofHealthPromotionandSporttoachievethevisionofOntariansleadinghealthyactivelivesand communitiesworkingtogether.HealthyCommunitiesismobilizedbytheHealthyCommunitiesFund. HealthyCommunitiesPriorityAreas:TheseareidentifiedintheHealthyCommunitiesFrameworkofthe MHPtobe:PhysicalActivity,SportandRecreation,InjuryPrevention,HealthyEating,Tobacco Use/Exposure,AlcoholMisuse,andMentalHealth. Policies:Aformalstatementorprocedurewithininstitutions,notablygovernment,thatdefinespriorities andparametersforactioninresponsetohealthneeds,availableresources,andotherpoliticalpressures. Program:Awellorganizedseriesofactivitiesdesignedtofacilitatechangeinawelldefinedtargetgroup.
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ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies AppendixSupportingHealthyPublicPoliciesandBuildingCommunityPartnerships
SupportingHealthyPublicPoliciesandBuildingCommunityPartnerships
Formoreinformationonhealthiercommunitiesandhealthypublicpolicies,pleasecontactproject partnersintherespectiveareas: Alcohol/SubstanceMisuse www.apolnet.ca AlcoholPolicyNetwork CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth www.camh.net HealthyEating CanadianCancerSociety,OntarioDivision www.cancer.ca/ontario DieticiansofCanada www.dietitians.ca www.ophea.net Ophea ProgramTrainingandConsultationCentreandthe MediaNetwork www.ptcccfc.on.ca www.heartandstroke.ca TheHeartandStrokeFoundationofOntario InjuryPrevention OntarioInjuryPreventionResourceCentre www.oninjuryresources.ca www.onf.org OntarioNeurotraumaFoundation MentalHealth CanadianMentalHealthAssociationON www.ontario.cmha.ca www.camh.net CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth PhysicalActivity http://www.cancer.ca/ontario.aspx CanadianCancerSociety,OntarioDivision Ophea www.ophea.net www.prontario.org ParksandRecreationOntario PhysicalActivityResourceCentre(PARC) www.parc.ophea.net ProgramTrainingandConsultationCentreandthe www.ptcccfc.on.ca MediaNetwork TheHeartandStrokeFoundationofOntario www.heartandstroke.ca TobaccoControl CanadianCancerSociety,OntarioDivision www.cancer.ca/ontario ProgramTrainingandConsultationCentreandthe MediaNetwork www.ptcccfc.on.ca TheHeartandStrokeFoundationofOntario www.heartandstroke.ca
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ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies AppendixSupportingHealthyPublicPoliciesandBuildingCommunityPartnerships
HealthierCommunitiesandPublicPolicies AlcoholPolicyNetwork AssociationofLocalPublicHealthUnits CanadianCancerSociety,OntarioDivision CanadianMentalHealthAssociationON CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth DieticiansofCanada HeartHealthResourceCentre HealthNexus TheHeartandStrokeFoundationofOntario OntarioHealthyCommunitiesCoalition OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance OntarioInjuryPreventionResourceCentre OntarioNeurotraumaFoundation OntarioPublicHealthAssociation Ophea ParksandRecreationOntario PhysicalActivityResourceCentre(PARC) ProgramTrainingandConsultationCentreandthe MediaNetwork THCU www.thcu.ca
www.apolnet.ca www.alphaweb.org www.cancer.ca/ontario www.ontario.cmha.ca www.camh.net www.dietitians.ca www.hhrc.net www.healthnexus.ca www.heartandstroke.ca www.ohccccso.ca www.ocdpa.on.ca www.oninjuryresources.ca www.onf.org www.opha.on.ca www.ophea.net www.prontario.org www.parc.ophea.net www.ptcccfc.on.ca
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ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies AppendixAcknowledgements
Acknowledgements
Thisprojectwasmadepossiblethroughthesupportandcontributionof:
AgencyforLocalPublicHealthAssociation LindaStewart AlcoholPolicyNetwork JasonLeMar BenRempel CanadianCancerSociety,OntarioDivision SalimaAllibhaiHussein GillianBromfield AndrewNoble ShawnaScale AndreaSmith CanadianMentalHealthAssociationOntario MichelleGold SandiKendel BarbaraNeuwelt ZarsangaPopal CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth PamBenson NormanGiesbrecht MarianneKobusMatthews DieticiansofCanada LynnRoblin LeslieWhittingtonCarter HealthNexus ConnieClement SuzanneSchwenger BarbaraWillet HeartHealthResourceCentre AndreaBodkin RebeccaByers MinistryofHealthPromotionandSport HealthyCommunitiesFund OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance HoiKiDing NousheenKanji SaraTryon
OntarioHealthyCommunitiesCoalition LornaMcCue LisaTolentino OntarioInjuryPreventionResourceCentre LindaYenssen OntarioNeurotraumaFoundation HlneGagne OntarioPublicHealthAssociation ConnieUetrecht Ophea(OntarioPhysicalandHealthEducation Association) ChrisMarkham MargaretGood PARC(ParkandRecreationResourceCentre) JulieTaylor ParksandRecreationOntario LJBartle DianeEnglish LarryKetcheson ProgramTrainingandConsultationCentreandthe MediaNetwork MatthewDrennanScace JohnGarcia StevenSavvaidis KirstenSears ErikaSteibelt SMARTRISK PhilGroff THCU NancyDubois LarryHershfield JodiThesenvitz TheHeartandStrokeFoundationofOntario KarenDonaldsonHowden MaryLewis
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ToolkittoHealthierCommunitiesInfluencingHealthyPublicPolicies AppendixReferencedResources
ReferencedResources
Listedbelowaretheelectronicallyreferencedresourcesreferencedinthistoolkit.Thereferenced resourcesareorganizedbysectionandarelistedinalphabeticalorderbyauthor/organization.Thenames andtitlesareprovidedtohelpyoutolocate/relocatetheresourcesoninternetsearchengines. IntroductiontotheToolkit o LegislativeLibraryoftheLegislativeAssemblyofOntario.Howagovernmentbillbecomesalaw. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance(OCDPA). o MinistryofMunicipalAffairsandHousing.ListofOntarioMunicipalities. o OntarioMinistryofHealthPromotionandSport.HealthyCommunitiesFramework. o OntarioMinistryofHealthPromotionandSport.MHPGuidanceDocuments. o OntarioMinistryofHealthPromotionandSport.OntarioPublicHealthStandards2008. o OttawaCharterforHealthPromotion.FirstInternationalConferenceonHealthPromotion,Ottawa, 21November1986. o PhysicalActivityResourceCentre.WorkbookforInfluencingPhysicalActivityPolicy. o Shacter,M.CabinetDecisionMakinginCanada:LessonsandPracticesPolicyBriefNo.1April 1999. o THCUTheEightStepstoDevelopingaHealthPromotionPolicy. o TheLegislativeAssemblyofOntariowebsite. o YourLocalGovernment.com.MunicipalitiesinOntario. SupportingHealthierCommunitiesthroughCommunityPartnershipandHealthyPublicPolicies o HeartHealthResourceCentre.@aglanceFall2009.PartnershipDevelopment. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance.ChronicDiseaseinOntarioandCanada:Determinants, RiskFactorsandPreventionPrioritiesSummaryofFullReport. o OntarioHealthPromotionResourceSystem.HP101HealthPromotionOnlineCourse.Glossary Community. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAllianceandOntarioHealthyCommunitiesCoalition.Healthy Communities:ABackgrounder. o Play,live,betobaccofree.AdvocateforTobaccoFreeSport&Recreation.Youth. o Play,live,betobaccofree.AdvocateforTobaccoFreeSport&Recreation.Parents. o Play,live,betobaccofree.CoachesYouCanInfluenceYouth. o Play,live,betobaccofree.HowtoDevelopaTobaccoFreeSport&RecreationPolicy. o SherriTorjman.WhatisPolicy?PreparedfortheCaledonInstituteofSocialPolicy. o WorldHealthOrganization(WHO).AdelaideRecommendationsonHealthyPublicPolicyHealthy PublicPolicy. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 83
Step1 o BobGardner.SocialDeterminantsofHealthandPublicPolicy.PresentationtotheConference BoardofCanadaRoundtableonSocialDeterminantsofHealth. o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth(CAMH).OntarioStudentDrugUseandHealthSurvey (OSDUHS). o GovernmentofCanada.DepartmentsandAgencies. o GovernmentofOntario.GovernmentofOntarioWebsites. o MinistryofHealthandLongTermCare.PublicHealthUnitLocations. o MinistryofMunicipalAffairsandHousing.ListofOntarioMunicipalities. o NorthernOntarioServiceDeliverersAssociation.ImprovingtheHousingSysteminNorthern OntarioAdiscussionpaperoftheNorthernOntarioServiceDeliverersAssociation. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAllianceandHealthNexus.PrimertoAction:Social DeterminantsofHealthRevisedEdition. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance.EvidenceInformedMessages. o OpheaHealthySchoolsHealthyCommunities.APolicyBasedonBeliefs: YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsJourneytowardaHealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy. o PublicHealthAgencyofCanada.CanadianBestPracticesPortal. o RapidRiskFactorSurveillance(RRFSS) o SherriTorjman.WhatisPolicy?PublicationbyCaledonInstituteofSocialPolicy. o StatisticsCanada.CanadianCommunityHealthSurvey(CCHS). o StraitHighlandsRegionalDevelopmentAgency.WhatACommunityNeedsAssessmentCanDoFor You. o THCU.ComprehensiveWorkplaceHealthPromotionCatalogueofHealthAssessmentTools. Glossary.SituationalAssessment. o THCU.OnlineHealthProgramPlanner. o THCU.PolicyDevelopment:AtaGlance. o THCU.ResourcestoIncreaseUnderstanding:Whatisevidenceinformedpractice? o UniversityofWaterloo.SchoolHealthAction,PlanningandEvaluationSystemSHAPES.
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Step2 o GovernmentofCanada.DepartmentsandAgencies. o GovernmentofOntario.GovernmentofOntarioWebsites. o HeartHealthResourceCentre.@heart.Issue27.Winter2010.PolicyDevelopmentintheReal World. o MinistryofHealthandLongTermCare.PublicHealthUnitLocations. o MinistryofMunicipalAffairsandHousing.ListofOntarioMunicipalities. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance.EvidenceInformedMessages. o OpheaHealthySchoolsHealthyCommunities.APolicyBasedonBeliefs: YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsJourneytowardaHealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy o Play,Live,BeTobaccoFree.TobaccoFreeSurvey.PDFformat. o Play,Live,BeTobaccoFree.TobaccoFreeSurvey.WORDformat. o PublicHealthAgencyofCanada.CanadianBestPracticesPortal. o RuralCommunitiesImpactingPolicy.ChallengesandBarrierstoCommunityParticipationinPolicy Development. o THCU.DevelopingHealthPromotionPolicies. o THCU.ForceFieldAnalysisExample. o THCU.SettingPrioritiesStrategicTechniquesforGroupsSlideshowandlinktoaudio. Step3 o CancerViewCanada.PreventionPoliciesDirectory. o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.SubstanceUsePolicyDevelopmentWorksheet. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance.EvidenceInformedMessages. o OpheaHealthySchoolsHealthyCommunities.APolicyBasedonBeliefs: YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsJourneytowardaHealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy o PublicHealthAgencyofCanada.CanadianBestPracticesPortal. o THCU.OnlineDatabaseAudienceAnalysis. Step4 o ElectionsOntario.FindYourElectoralDistrict. o NaturalResourcesCanada.CaseStudy:ImplementinganIdlingControlByLawinLondon,Ontario. o OntarioHealthPromotionResourceSystem.HP101HealthPromotionOnlineCourse.Glossary PartnershipforHealthPromotion. o OpheaHealthySchoolsHealthyCommunities.APolicyBasedonBeliefs: YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsJourneytowardaHealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy. o ParliamentofCanadawebsite. o THCU.THCUResourceLibrary. o TheLegislativeAssemblyofOntariowebsite. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 85
Step5 o AlgomaPublicHealth.SamIamradioad. o CanadianCancerSociety.AdvocacyinOntarioCelebrationatQueensPark2008. o CanadianCancerSociety.WorkingwithOthers. o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.LettertoTedMcMeekin,MPPregardingtheOntario LiquorLicenceActConsultation. o HeartHealthResourceCentre.@heartNewsletter. o HeartHealthResourceCentre.@heart.Issue25.Summer2007.InfluencingDecisionMakers. o LarryGrand.LectureonInfluencingPolicyChangesandDevelopment. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliance.EvidenceInformedMessages. o OpheaHealthySchoolsHealthyCommunities.APolicyBasedonBeliefs: YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsJourneytowardaHealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy. o Participaction.ParticipactionToolkit o THCU.HealthCommunicationMessageReviewTool. o THCU.MakingtheCaseAtaGlance. o THCU.MediaAdvocacyWorkbook. o THCU.THCUResourceLibrary. o TheJointConsortiumforSchoolHealth.Resources,ToolkitsandFactsheets. Step6 o CanadianMentalHealthAssociation.SubmissiontotheStandingCommitteeoftheLegislative AssemblyonBill139,EmploymentStandardsAmendmentAct. o GeraldinePerry.Writingagoodpolicy.PresentationfortheAmericanPublicHealthAssociation. o LarryGrand.LectureonInfluencingPolicyChangesandDevelopment. o NaturalResourcesCanada.CaseStudy:ImplementinganIdlingControlByLawinLondon,Ontario. o NutritionResourceCentreandHeartHealthResourceCentre.PoliciesinAction. o OntarioHeartHealthNetwork:CollaborativePolicyScanWorkGroup.OHHNCollaborativePolicy ScanProject. o OntarioTaskGrouponAccesstoRecreationforLowIncomeFamilies.AffordableAccessto RecreationforOntariansPolicyFramework. o OntarioTaskGrouponAccesstoRecreationforLowIncomeFamilies.AffordableAccessto RecreationforOntarians.PolicyDevelopmentandImplementationGuideforCommunities. o Ophea.MenuofChoices.Asampleofaschoolnutritionpolicy. o Play,Live,BeTobaccoFree.Createthetobaccofreepolicy. o Play,Live,BeTobaccoFree.TobaccoFreePolicy. o THCU.DevelopingHealthPromotionPolicies. o YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoard.HealthySchoolsandWorkplaces. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 86
Step7 o CityofToronto.ShadePolicyfortheCityofToronto. o OpheaHealthySchoolsHealthyCommunities.APolicyBasedonBeliefs: YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsJourneytowardaHealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy. o Play,Live,BeTobaccoFree.ReinforcingYourTobaccoFreePolicy. o SafeHealthySchools.SchoolHealthPolicies.PolicyStepsImplementPolicy. Step8 o HeartHealthResourceCentre@aglance.Spring2008.Evaluation. o OntarioMinistryofHealthPromotionandSport.SmokeFreeOntario. o OpheaHealthySchoolsHealthyCommunities.APolicyBasedonBeliefs: YorkRegionDistrictSchoolBoardsJourneytowardaHealthySchoolsandWorkplacesPolicy. o SafeHealthySchools.SchoolHealthPolicies.PolicyStepsEvaluatePolicy. o THCU.OnlineHealthProgramPlanner. o THCU.THCUResourceLibrary. o TheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnit.StrategyMonitoring. o TowardsEvidenceInformedPractice.TEIPProgramEvaluationTool. PolicyIdeasforHealthierCommunities o ImplementationScience.EvidenceInformedHealthPolicy. PolicyIdeasforCommunities o OntarioHealthyCommunitiesCoalition.LinkingHealthandtheBuiltEnvironment:ALiterature Review. o WorldHealthOrganization.TheOttawaCharterforHealthPromotionHealthPromotionAction Means. o OntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAllianceandOntarioHealthyCommunitiesCoalition.Healthy Communities:ABackgrounder. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 87
PriorityArea:PhysicalActivity,SportandRecreation o CanadianSportforLifewebsite. o GlobalAdvocacyforPhysicalActivity(GAPA).TheTorontoCharterforPhysicalActivity:AGlobal CallforAction. o InternationalCongressonPhysicalActivityandPublicHealth.TheTorontoCharterforPhysical Activity:AGlobalCalltoAction. o OntarioTaskGrouponAccesstoRecreationforLowIncomeFamilies.AffordableAccessto RecreationforOntariansPolicyFramework. o OntarioTaskGrouponAccesstoRecreationforLowIncomeFamilies.AffordableAccessto RecreationforOntarians.PolicyDevelopmentandImplementationGuideforCommunities. o TownofAjax.AffordableAccesstoRecreationandCulturalServicesPolicy. Walk21.TheInternationalCharterforWalking. PriorityArea:HealthyEating o DieticiansofCanada.HealthyEatingandFoodSecurity:PromisingStrategiesforBC. o NutritionResourceCentre.EatSmartforHealthyRestaurants. o PolicyLink.HealthyFood,HealthyCommunities:PromisingStrategiestoImproveAccesstoFresh, HealthyFoodandTransformCommunities. PriorityArea:AlcoholMisuse o AlcoholPolicyNetwork.LetsTakeActiononAlcoholSponsorship. o AlcoholPolicyNetwork.OverviewofProvinceLaws. o AlcoholPolicyNetwork.Who'sontheMAP? o Novak,Julie.AlcoholPromotionandtheMarketingIndustry:Trends,Tactics,andPublicHealth. PriorityArea:MentalHealth o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.CultureCounts:Aroadmaptohealthpromotion. o PublicHealthAgencyofCanada.CanadianBestPracticesPortal:SaskatooninMotion. o Starr,Edward,andPacini,Christine.TheMunicipalRoleinMeetingOntariosAffordableHousing Needs.AHandbookforPreparingaCommunityStrategyForAffordableHousing.AReport PreparedfortheOntarioProfessionalPlannersInstitute. o UnitedWayToronto.CommunityHubs. 92Copyright2010bytheOntarioChronicDiseasePreventionAlliancewww.ocdpa.on.ca 88
PolicyIdeasforSchools o OntarioMinistryofEducation.FoundationsforaHealthySchool. PriorityArea:PhysicalActivity,SportandRecreation o OntarioMinistryofEducation.NewSchoolFoodandBeveragePolicy. o PublicHealthAgencyofCanada.Canada'sPhysicalActivityGuidetoHealthyActiveLiving. o OntarioTaskGrouponAccesstoRecreationforLowIncomeFamilies.AffordableAccessto RecreationforOntariansPolicyFramework. o OntarioTaskGrouponAccesstoRecreationforLowIncomeFamilies.AffordableAccessto RecreationforOntarians.PolicyDevelopmentandImplementationGuideforCommunities. TownofAjax.AffordableAccesstoRecreationandCulturalServicesPolicy. PriorityArea:HealthyEating o OntarioMinistryofEducation.NewSchoolFoodandBeveragePolicy. PriorityArea:TobaccoUse/Exposure o TheJointConsortiumforSchoolHealth o TheJointConsortiumforSchoolHealth.Resources,ToolkitsandFactsheets. PriorityArea:AlcoholMisuse o AlcoholPolicyNetwork.LetsTakeActiononAlcoholSponsorship. o AlcoholPolicyNetwork.SampleAlcoholPolicyCollection.Schools. o Novak,Julie.AlcoholPromotionandtheMarketingIndustry:Trends,Tactics,andPublicHealth. PriorityArea:MentalHealth o BourgetManagementConsulting.MentalHealthLiteracy:AReviewoftheLiterature. o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.Bestpracticeguidelinesformentalhealthpromotion programs:Childrenandyouth. o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.Guideline8:Addressopportunitiesfororganizational change,policydevelopmentandadvocacy. o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.GrowingUpResilient:WaystoBuildResilienceinChildren andYouth.
o
o o o o
CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.Stigma:Understandingtheimpactofprejudiceand discriminationonpeoplewithmentalhealthandsubstanceuseproblems. OISE/UT.PolicyonEquityandDiversity. OntarioMinistryofEducation.FindaSchoolorSchoolBoard. PublicHealthAgencyofCanada.ComprehensiveSchoolHealthFramework. WorldHealthOrganization.TheOttawaCharterforHealthPromotionHealthPromotionAction Means.
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PolicyIdeasforWorkplaces PriorityArea:PhysicalActivity,SportandRecreation o TorontoPublicHealth.HealthOptionsatWork:PhysicalActivityAGuidetocreatingahealthy workplace. PriorityArea:HealthyEating o NutritionResourceCentre.EatSmartforHealthyWorkplaces. PriorityArea:AlcoholMisuse o AlcoholPolicyNetwork.LetsTakeActiononAlcoholSponsorship. o AlcoholPolicyNetwork.WorkplaceAlcoholPolicyCollection. o Novak,Julie.AlcoholPromotionandtheMarketingIndustry:Trends,Tactics,andPublicHealth. PriorityArea:MentalHealth o CanadianMentalHealthAssociation.MentalHealthWorks. o CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth.HealthEquity. o HumanResourcesandSkillsDevelopmentCanada.WorkLifeBalanceinCanada:AReportto MinistersResponsibleforLabourinCanada. o OntarioHumanRightsCommission.Guidelinesondevelopinghumanrightspoliciesand procedures. o OntarioMinistryofLabour.Bill168onPreventingWorkplaceViolenceAndWorkplaceHarassment.
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Toolkit to Healthier Communities Influencing Healthy Public Policies OCDPA: 2011 Feedback Form Thank you for your time and feedback. Please review the toolkit contents before you complete this survey. We appreciate your help in answering all the questions. Once you have completed the survey, please fax back to (416) 367-2844 (Attn: OCDPA) or send an electronic copy to ocdpa@opha.on.ca. 1. Please indicate which sector you belong to: NGO Education Public Health Other ______________ Government Community
2. Please indicate what region you belong to: Eastern Central East South West Ontario-wide North East National
Central West North West other __________
3. Please rate the toolkit overall. Please circle one:
1-poor
2-fair
3-good
4-very good
5-excellent
Please explain your reponse:
4. Would you recommend this toolkit to others? Please circle one. Yes No
Please explain your response:
5. The objectives of the forum are listed in the table below. Please rate the extent to which you felt our objectives were met For each, please use a five-point rating scale where low <> high Objective Provide a step-by-step outline of the policy-development process Provide practical worksheets to help you move through the steps. 1 Objective Met 2 3 4 5
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low <> high Objective Offer helpful tips for each step of policy development. Provide policy ideas to help identify potential future policies 1 1 Objective Met 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5
Please comment on your above ratings.
6. What component of the toolkit was most valuable to you? Why?
7. What component of the toolkit was least valuable to you? Why?
8. What topics would you like to have been covered in the toolkit or discussed in more detail?
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Toolkit to Healthier Communities Influencing Healthy Public Policies

For more information, please visit www.ocdpa.on.ca

Copyright 2010 by the Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance www.ocdpa.on.ca

Worksheet1a:Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformationaboutyourquestions Worksheet1b:Summarizetheinformationaboutyoursituation Step2AssessReadinessforPolicyDevelopment

Worksheet2a:Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformationaboutcommunityreadiness 20 Worksheet2b:ConductaForceFieldAnalysistoproceedwithpolicydevelopment Step3DevelopGoals,ObjectivesandPolicyOptions Worksheet3a:Developpolicygoalsandobjectives Worksheet3b:Alignpolicyoptionswithobjectives

Worksheet6b:Policystakeholderconsultationplan Worksheet7:Implementationchecklist Step8MonitorandEvaluatethePolicy

PolicyIdeasforHealthierCommunities Communities Schools Workplaces GlossaryofTerms

SupportingHealthyPublicPoliciesandBuildingCommunityPartnerships Acknowledgements ReferencedResources

Developactionplanto buildsupport Yes

RoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment (AdaptedfromTHCU) Influencinghealthypoliciesisnotalwaysastepby stepprocess.Itisalearningprocessthatcanhave manystepsfeedingintoeachother.

Where did the process breakdown?

Assessreadiness: Ispolicyafeasible approach?

Developactionplanto buildsupport Yes

RoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment (AdaptedfromTHCU) Influencinghealthypoliciesisnotalwaysastepby stepprocess.Itisalearningprocessthatcanhave manystepsfeedingintoeachother.

Where did the process breakdown?

ACTION:CompleteWorksheet1a:Developquestionsandaplantogatherinformation aboutyourquestionstoidentifyhowyouwillanswerquestionsaboutyoursituationand prioritizeyourinformationgatheringactivitiesbasedonavailablebudgetandtimeline

E.g.Telephoneinterviews E.g.Volunteer,byendof summer

Assessreadiness: Ispolicyafeasible approach?

Developactionplanto buildsupport Yes

RoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment (AdaptedfromTHCU) Influencinghealthypoliciesisnotalwaysastepby stepprocess.Itisalearningprocessthatcanhave manystepsfeedingintoeachother.

Where did the process breakdown?

TheCanadianBestPracticesPortalforHealthPromotionandChronicDiseasePreventionmayoffer yousomeinsightonalternatesolutionstoaddresstheissueofconcern. Communityexamples

E.g.Keyinformant interviews E.g.Keyinformant interviews

E.g.Medianewspaper, radio,TV E.g.Community

E.g.Summariesofmedia coverage,printedarticles E.g.Directconsultation withindividuals

E.g.Coordinator,byend ofyear E.g.Coordinator,byend ofyear

Ifanyofthepoliciesyouareconsideringwere putintoplacetoday,whowouldcare,who wouldbeaffected,andinwhatway? Whatreasonstoopposeyourpolicyideaswill beputforwardbythoseaffected?Arethey true?Howcanyourefutethem?

Whichcommunityleaders,electedofficials, citizensorgroupswillbesupportiveor unsupportiveofyourpolicy?

Areyourpolicyideasandthedevelopment processafitwithyourorganizations mandate?

Howmuchtime/resourcesareavailableto supportthepolicydevelopmentprocessover anextendedperiodoftime?

Whichindividualsorgroupscanandwilloffer humanorfinancialresourcesupporttoassist withthepolicydevelopmentprocess?

PolicyOptionBeingConsidered: Example:Eliminateallmarketingandadvertisementoffoodsandbeveragesoflownutritionalvalue/low nutrientdensityinschoolcafeteria.

Whatfactorsinthe environmentwill SUPPORTyourpolicy developmentefforts?

Whatfactorsinthe environmentwillSLOW orBLOCKyourpolicy developmentefforts?

E.g.Communityobesitylevelsinchildren iscurrentlyahottopicamongcouncil members. Political

E.g.Therearethreesubstantial communitygrantopportunitiesavailable thatcouldfinanciallysupportthis process.

E.g.Thereisextensivemediacoverage onobesityratesanditsimpacton childrenshealth.

Social Technological Physical Media Organizational (includingresources) Community

Interpersonal networks (e.g.,family,friends, clubs) Individuals (including stakeholders)

Assessreadiness: Ispolicyafeasible approach?

Developactionplanto buildsupport Yes

RoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment (AdaptedfromTHCU) Influencinghealthypoliciesisnotalwaysastepby stepprocess.Itisalearningprocessthatcanhave manystepsfeedingintoeachother.

Where did the process breakdown?

Who? What? Where?

HowMuch? HowOften? HowMany?

Isitachievable? Whatisthe financialimpact?

Whenshouldthe goalbeachieved by?

4)Assessallpolicyoptionstodeterminehowtheyfitwithyourgoalsandobjectives. Practicalpolicyoptionsarethosethatdirectlycontributetooneormoreofyourpolicyobjectives.Remove policyoptionsthatdonotcontributetoyourobjectives.Createnewpolicyoptionstoaddressobjectives thatarenotmatchedwithanoption.

Tips Whilesomeideasarealreadypopular,someideasmightbenewandneedsomeexplanationin ordertopersuadethecommunitytosupportthem,astheymaynotyetbeunderstood.

Developpolicygoalsandobjectives Usethespacebelowtoidentifygoalsandobjectivesthatwillhelpyouachieveyourgoals.Makesurethatyour objectivesareSMART(refertoStep3formoredetail). GOAL:Abroadstatementtosummarizewhatyouaretryingtochangewithyourpolicy.

(E.g.Toreducetheincidenceofunderagesmoking) FinalGoal: OBJECTIVES:Specificstatementstodescribewhatshouldhappen,towhom,andbywhen,basedon yourultimatepolicygoal. (E.g.Eliminatesmokingin50%ofthecommunitysplaygroundswithinthesixmonths)

POLICYOPTIONS OBJECTIVES E.g.30%increaseintheproportionofstudents engagedinmoderatephysicalactivityforat leastthirtyminutesperdaywithinoneyears time.

E.g.Establishaninclusivephysicalactivitypolicy forsportprogramsinschoolthatensuresthat allstudentscanparticipateinasupportive environment.

Assessreadiness: Ispolicyafeasible approach?

Developactionplanto buildsupport Yes

RoadmaptoPolicyDevelopment (AdaptedfromTHCU) Influencinghealthypoliciesisnotalwaysastepby stepprocess.Itisalearningprocessthatcanhave manystepsfeedingintoeachother.

Where did the process breakdown?

ACTION:ListthekeydecisionmakersonWorksheet4a: Identifyandunderstandkeydecisionmakersandthe influencersonWorksheet4b:Identifyandunderstandinfluencers

Decisionmaking individualsor organizationsrelated tothepolicyyouare pursuing

Listkeycharacteristicsof thisdecisionmaker whatdoyouknowabout thisperson? Wheretheystandonthe issue,actionstheyhave takenonthisissue, communitysperception ofthem.

Listthetop5most important/powerful decisionmakers 1. 2. 3. 4.