Future of Livestock in Pakistan

Role of Livestock
Livestock plays an important role in the economy of Pakistan and in the rural socio-economic system 30-40% of income of more than 35 million rural population comes from livestock production activities The livestock sector contributed 50% of the agriculture value added and 11% to National GDP in 2006-07 Eight percent of total exports derived from livestock and livestock products Pakistan possesses some of the finest dairy breeds like Nili-Ravi and Kundi buffaloes, and Red Sindhi & Sahiwal cattle, > 30 small ruminant breeds Fifth largest milk producing country

Factors Improving the Future

A number of initiatives have been taken by the government to promote this industry including : Duty free import of agrobased machinery etc Provision of veterinary health coverage by livestock dept. Establishment of beef and mutton fattening farms , slaughter houses in private sector Milk collection ,Processing and Dairy Production Development Programs (LDDB -15%financial assistance) National Poultry and Fisheries Development Policy EU GOP Strengthening of Livestock Services in Pakistan (RP , PPR , Training of VETS, VET Asst , livestock farmers and women) Prime Ministers Special Initiative for Livestock Many other public/ private sector initiatives

LIVESTOCK IN NATIONAL ECONOMY

Agriculture in Pak GDP 22.0 % Livestock in Pak GDP 10.4 % Share in agri GDP 49.1 % Livestock in export 8.5 % (935 m US$)

 Dependent population > 6.5 m families Provides raw material for industry Social security for rural poor Security against crop failure in rainfed areas Growth rates 1990s 4.5% 2000-2007 3.2 % Economic Survey (2006-07)

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
Milk 33.230 million tons Beef 1.237 million tons Mutton 0.827 million tons Poultry meat 0.514 million tons Eggs 9.618 billions Wool 41.2 thousand tons Hair 25.0 thousand tons Skins and hides 57.6 million nos. Economic Survey (2006-07)

LIVESTOCK POPULATION (2006-07)

(Million Heads) PROVINCE Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goats Camels PAKISTAN 29.56 27.33 26.49 53.78 0.92 Per cent distribution NWFP 21.5 6.3 13.3 17.5 8.3 Punjab 43.2 60.8 24.3 37.1 18.6 Sindh 28.9 31.8 18.2 23.8 29.7 Balochistan 6.4 1.1 44.2 21.6 43.4 Economic Survey (2006-07)

Challenges Facing Livestock

Poor genetic & reproductive efficiency Epidemics of infectious diseases Lack of organized marketing Small holders production system Shortage (by 30%) of feed resources in quantity & quality Unavailability of credit to the livestock farmers (11% of agricultural credit)

Achievements in Animal Research

 In collaboration with Universities / R&D Institutions / Provincial Livestock Units carried out various projects funded by ALP /FAO/ USAID and other agencies in following areas: Animal Health Breeding & Reproduction Feeding Resources & Technologies Post-Harvest Technologies & Value Chain Aquaculture & Fisheries

ANIMAL HEALTH

Developed an oil based HS vaccine providing higher level of immunity for longer duration i.e., for one year and protective efficacy of 95% Developed vaccine for the effective control of hydropericardium syndrome in poultry Designed strategy for control of warble fly and designed plan for its eradication from goats and cattle

Breeding & Reproduction

Much work has been done in the area of animal reproduction. Major thrust has been: Heat detection & seasonal infertility in buffaloes Improvement in cattle and buffalo-semen & embryo quality using cryo-preservation techniques Research for improving AI and embryo transfer technology was successfully undertakenGenetic Improvement of Indigenous Cow (Dhanni) w/ Exotic Jersey Bull Yielded Crossbreds upto 2 to 3 Times Increase in Milk Productio (From 3 to 8.5 lit/day)

Feed Resources & Technologies

Milk replacer and early weaning diets developed for economical calf rearing with nutritive value almost similar to milk and gives similar performance by calf - Formulated & developed technology as feeding supplements to help rumen microbes for an efficient utilization of poor quality feed, higher live weight gain and economical livestock production. - To avoid wastage of ammonia, slow releasing

chemicals, Yucca schidigera extract may be used

PARC Cattle Feed

PARC started cattle feed production and marketing in 1989. This feed was 30% cheaper, produced 15% more milk and reduced calving interval by 4 months. Based upon this successful technology development, more than 45 livestock feed mills in the public and private sectors have been established in the country with our technical backstopping.

Post-Harvest Technologies & Value Chain

Activation of lactoperoxidase system for raw milk preservation without refrigeration was adopted for buffalo milk under local conditions. This technology, also recommended by FAO, can extend raw milk shelf life for 5-8 hours. training to use the technology provided to farmers and middlemen. Indigenous dairy products like cottage cheese, white cheese, fruit yogurt, plain yogurt and cream cheese have been improved. A pilot unit at NARC is established for practical demonstration and a number of small investors and households have been trained for these products.

Aquaculture & Fisheries

Breeding technology for carps (Thaila, Rohu and Mori) standardized by use of different hormones Feed for trout fish developed reducing cost of feed by 25%. This feed is now commonly being used by the trout farmers in NWFP and Northern Areas. American Channel Catfish successfully introduced in Pakistan in September 2003 from Thailand. The stock grew from a mean size of 10 gm to 1.5 kg in one year. Breeding

attempts are being made.

Covering Entire Value Chain

Establishment of a network of milk collection and chilling centers and refrigerated transport (LB) Feed-lot fattening for beef and mutton production (LB) Establishment of model butcheries in each city (grading system and commercial cuts) (LB) Butchers training in improved flaying techniques (LB) Meat export processing zones Modernization of slaughter houses Encouraging building of slaughter houses in private sector Establishment of slaughter house by-products plants Establishment of disease-free herds Transport for live animals and carcasses

Expected Outcome
Balanced Feed , Health Management ,Improvement in Genetic Potential ,Fair Marketing More jobs in rural areas , reducing environmental degradation Improved nutrition in rural households Poverty reduction

Improved per unit animal productivity by

Conclusion

Livestock has great potential for economic growth, export and poverty alleviation Main features of proposed Livestock Development Strategy are: Enactment of enabling legal framework Livestock and Dairy Development Board established Ensuring credit availability to livestock farmers Thrust on capacity building of all stakeholders Improving technical back-stopping at MINFAL Restructuring livestock related public sector institutions Promoting commercial livestock farming

Productivity enhancement Moving towards commercialization Covering entire value chain

Action Plan for:

 In conclusion , we can say that the if proper measures are taken to address the challenges / problems being faced by the livestock industry we can very confidently say that the future of this sector is very bright and its contribution to our economy can be maximised by adopting the right strategy for implementation of Livestock Development Policy which is already in Place THANK YOU VERY MUCH M RIZWAN ASLAM 2010-ag-3429