Technical Note

Structural Concrete Software System

TN180_stress_check_12
102905

STRESS CHECK AND REBAR VERIFICATION

1.0 OBJECTIVE
This example illustrates how you can verify the stresses and other design values reported by Floor-Pro.
It presents the input data and the results obtained from a column supported floor system, followed by
steps to take for their verification.

2.1 GEOMETRY AND STRUCTURE DEFINITION

The plan view and other characteristics of the floor system selected are shown in Figs. 2.1-1 through
2.1-3. Two design sections are selected for verification. One is through a region of the slab that
includes the opening (design section 1205) 1. The other is through the beam (design section 2202).
Results of the following two sections are verified (Fig. 2.1-4). In both instances, the sections selected
do not meet the requirements of the design code (ACI-318-02). This is indicated by the broken lines
(shown in violet in color prints) in Fig. 2.1-4.

Note: Units are in ft and in.

FIGURE 2.1-1 PLAN VIEW

1
Note the convention used for definition of design sections. The first digit refers to the support line, the second to
the span and the last two to the design section from the beginning of the span. For example, design section 3412
means the third support line, fourth span and the twelfth section.
E-Mail support@adaptsoft.com
1733 Woodside Road, Suite 220, Redwood City, California, 94061, USA, Tel: (650) 306-2400 Fax (650) 306 2401
 Technical Note

FIGURE 2.1-2 THREE-DIMENSIONAL VIEW OF THE STRUCTURE

FIGURE 2.1-3 DESIGN STRIPS IN X-DIRECTION

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FIGURE 2.1-4 DESIGN SECTION IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS

IN X-DIRECTION

2.2 SECTION PROPERTIES

The section properties of the design sections are reported in two input data tables (Tables 2.2-1 and
2.2-2). These tables can be viewed, printed or appended to your compiled report. The tables included
in this writing are truncated by removing the rows that are not relevant to the current verification. The
tables are:

• Data Table 153.2

Design section geometry as identified by the program, and idealized if need be.
• Data Table 152.2
This table reports the properties of the section, such as centroid, area, and moment of inertia as
calculated and used by the program. The program calculates the centroid of the design section
and determines the section properties with respect to the calculated centroid, where applicable.

TABLE 2.2-1 GEOMETRY OF DESIGN SECTIONS

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153.20 AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED DESIGN SECTIONS

Design Strip: Support Line 1
Design Section b1 d1 b2 d2 b3 d3
ft ft ft ft ft ft
1204 18.25 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1205 15.00 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1206 18.25 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Design Strip: Support Line 2

Design Section b1 d1 b2 d2 b3 d3
ft ft ft ft ft ft
2201 18.25 2.50 1.00 0.79 0.00 0.00
2202 18.25 2.50 1.00 0.79 0.00 0.00
2203 18.25 2.50 1.00 0.79 0.00 0.00

TABLE 2.2-2 SECTION PROPERTIES

152.20 AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED DESIGN SECTIONS

Design Strip: Support Line 1
Design Section Start(x,y) End(x,y) Centroid Area I Ytop Ybot
(local x,z)
Ft ft Ft in2 in4 in in
1204 (65.20,36.50) (65.20,18.25) (9.13,9.60) 2080.52 15646.54 4.75 4.75
1205 (68.25,36.50) (68.25,18.25) (7.50,9.60) 1709.92 12860.25 4.75 4.75
1206 (71.30,36.50) (71.30,18.25) (9.13,9.60) 2080.52 15646.54 4.75 4.75

Design Strip: Support Line 2

Design Section Start(x,y) End(x,y) Centroid Area I Ytop Ybot
(local x,z)
Ft ft Ft in2 in4 in in
2201 (56.80,18.25) (56.80,0.00) (9.13,9.47) 2326.50 73772.68 6.34 23.66
2202 (60.60,18.25) (60.60,0.00) (9.13,9.47) 2326.50 73772.68 6.34 23.66
2203 (64.40,18.25) (64.40,0.00) (9.13,9.47) 2326.50 73772.68 6.34 23.66

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 Technical Note

The “Start” and “End” columns list the coordinates of the beginning and end of a design section. The
“Centroid” column gives the distance of the centroid of the design section along its length from the start
of the section. The following is the verification of the properties of the two sections selected:

• Section 1205
This is a rectangular section with the following dimensions:
b = 15 ft
d1 = 0.79 ft (9.5 in.)

From Table 2.2-2 the actual length of the design section is given by:

b = [(X2 – X1)2 + (Y2 – Y1)2]0.5 =

[(68.25 –68.25)2 + (18.25 – 36.5)2]0.5 = 18.25 ft

However, since 3.252 ft of the design section falls within an opening, the “idealized” section is
only 15 ft. The cross-sectional area and other properties of the section are determined using the
solid part of the cross-section.

Area = 15*0.79*144 = 1706 in2 OK

Moment of inertia (I) = (15*0.793/12)*124 = 12779 in4 , OK

(From Table 2.2-2 I = 12860 in4 the difference is due to using only two decimal
points in the hand calculation.)

Distance from the centroid to the top and bottom = (0.79/2)*12 = 4.74 in.
(From Table 2.2-2, distance = 4.75 in. OK)

• Section 2202
Using the section display tool of the program and an exaggerated vertical scale the geometry of
the design section is shown in Fig. 2.2-1. The dimensions of the section are:

Section width b1 = 18.25 ft

Section depth d1 = 2.5 ft
Flange thickness d2 = 0.79 ft
Web thickness b2 = 1.00 ft

FIGURE 2.2-1 GEOMETRY OF DESIGN SECTION 2202

2
The distance 3.25 ft was measured from on the plan using the “measure” tool of the program and the
appropriate snap tools
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 Technical Note

From the above dimensions, the following values are obtained. The minor discrepancy is
due to the report and the hand calculation using two decimal points only.

Area = (18.25*79) + 1*( 2 – 0.79) = 2322 in2

(From Table 2.2-2 2326.50 in2 OK)
Moment of inertia I = 73777 in4
(From Table 2.2-2 I = 73773 in4 OK)

Distance of centroid to bottom = 23.67 in.

(From Table 2.2-2 Ybot = 23.66 in. OK)

Distance of centroid to top = 6.33 in.

(From Table 2.2-2 Ytop = 6.34 in. OK)

2.3 DESIGN ACTIONS

The integral of the calculated actions (moments, shears, axial) are listed in report Table 2.3-1 for load
combinations selected by you. In this case, the following load combinations were selected: Sustained
Load, and Strength. For each design section the program calculates three forces and three moments
referenced to the centroid of the design section. However, the table lists only the four primary actions
used in design of the section. The six actions are reported elsewhere.

TABLE 2.3-1 DESIGN VALUES

154.20 DESIGN ACTIONS FOR AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED SECTIONS
Load Combination:Service(Sustained Load)

Design Strip: Support Line 1

Design section Moment Shear Axial Torsion Top Bottom Centroid
Stress Stress Stress
k-ft k k k-ft psi psi psi
1204 153.270 0.479 -224.848 59.259 -666 450 -108
1205 151.508 0.901 -216.685 17.256 -798 545 -127
1206 159.761 -2.820 -234.673 -26.614 -695 469 -113

Design Strip: Support Line 2

Design section Moment Shear Axial Torsion Top Bottom Centroid
Stress Stress Stress
k-ft k k k-ft psi psi psi
2201 310.513 16.032 -375.862 14.117 -481 1033 -162
2202 245.456 -24.266 -375.623 134.143 -414 783 -161
2203 166.307 -18.686 -379.291 90.957 -334 477 -163

Load Combination:Strength(Dead and Live)

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Design Strip: Support Line 1

Design section Moment Shear Axial Torsion
k-ft k K k-ft
1204 416.976 12.003 24.072 130.438
1205 434.766 2.805 28.452 0.562
1206 458.207 -9.094 21.604 -101.495

Design Strip: Support Line 2

Design section Moment Shear Axial Torsion
k-ft k K k-ft
2201 389.410 105.771 -8.000 -261.872
2202 735.385 74.912 -15.472 -205.871
2203 988.670 52.693 -20.506 -140.362

2.4 STRESS CHECK

Consider section 2202 through the beam for verification of stresses reported.

• Geometry (from Table 2.2-2)

o Area = 2326.50 in.
o Moment of inertia = 73772.68 in4
o Distance to bottom fiber = 23.66 in.

• Actions (from Table 2.3-1)

o Moment = 245.456 k-ft (tension at bottom)
o Axial = -375.623 k (compression)

Stress at bottom is given by:

fb = P/A + M*Yb/I = (-375.623/2326.50 + (245.456*12)*23.66 / 73772.68)*1000

= -161.45 + 944.66 = 783.21 psi (tension)
(ADAPT -> 783 psi from Table 2.3-1 OK)

Stress at centroid (precompression)

fcentroid = P/A = -375.623/2326.5 = -161.45 psi (compression)

(ADAPT -> 161 psi from Table 2.3-1 OK)

2.5 REINFORCEMENT VALUES

Reinforcement is provided for service condition and strength. The results are reported in Table 2.5-1.
Herein, the reinforcement required for strength condition of design section 1205 is verified.

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TABLE 2.5-1 SUMMARY OF REQUIRED AND PROVIDED REINFORCEMENT

156.20 DESIGN SECTION REBAR FOR AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED SECTIONS

Load Combination: Service(Sustained Load)

Design Strip: Support Line 1 Design Criteria: SERVICE_SUSTAINED_LOAD

<Bending rebar>
Design section As top As bot Top bar Bottom
bar
In2 in2
1204 0.00 6.30 0#5 8#8
1205 0.00 6.30 0#5 8#8
1206 0.00 6.56 0#5 9#8

Design Strip: Support Line 2 Design Criteria: SERVICE_SUSTAINED_LOAD

<Bending rebar>
Design section As top As bot Top bar Bottom
bar
In2 in2
2201 4.46 0.00 41#3 0#3
2202 0.00 0.00 0#3 0#3
2203 0.00 0.00 0#3 0#3
2204 0.00 2.76 0#3 26#3

Load Combination: Strength(Dead and Live)

Design Strip: Support Line 1 Design Criteria: STRENGTH

<Bending rebar>
Design section As top As bot Top bar Bottom
bar
in2 in2
1204 0.00 7.39 0#5 10#8
1205 0.00 8.04 0#5 11#8
1206 0.00 8.33 0#5 11#8

Design Strip: Support Line 2 Design Criteria: STRENGTH

<Bending rebar> <Shear rebar>
Design section As top As bot Top bar Bottom Av U-Strip
bar spacing
in2 in2 in2/ft in
2201 0.00 2.45 0#3 23#3 0.15 17.87
2202 0.00 2.15 0#3 20#3 0.20 13.21
2203 0.00 1.91 0#3 18#3 0.16 16.82

Reinforcement reported by ADAPT is 8.04 in2 at bottom for design section 1205

• Geometry of section
b = 15 (ft) * 12 = 180 in.
h = 9.50 in.

• Material
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 Technical Note
Concrete f’c = 5000 psi
PT fpu = 270 ksi
fse = 26.7*1000/0.153 = 175 ksi
CGS = 1.08 in. 3
Rebar 60 ksi
Rebar cover 1.50 in.
Rebar size #8 (1 in. diameter)

• Reinforcement
PT = 9 strands * 0.153 = 1.377 in2 (from input data )
Rebar = 8.04 in2 (from report of Table 2.5-1)

• Design moment
Mu = 434.766 k-ft

• Verification
o Determine ultimate stress in prestressing (fps)
Span 33 ft
Depth 9.5 in. (0.79 ft)
Span/depth ration = 33/0.79 = 41 > 35, hence use
fps = fse + 10 + f’c/(300 ρp) < fse + 30 (Eqn 18-5 of ACI-318)

ρp = Aps/b*dp
dp = 9.5 – 1.08 = 8.42 in.

ρp = Aps/b*dp = 1.377 / (180 * 8.42) = 9.09x10-4

fps = 175 + 10 + 5/( 300 * 9.09x10-4 ) = 203.34 ksi <175 + 30 = 205 ksi OK

Total tension = 1.377 * 203.34 + 8.04 * 60

= 279.99 + 482.40 = 762.39 k

Depth of compression zone: a = 762.39/(0.85*5*180) = 0.997 in.

Depth of neutral axis: c = 0.997 / 0.80 = 1.25 in.

Distance to farthest reinforcement: dt = 9.50 – 1.5 – 0.5*1 = 7.50 in.

c/dt = 1.25/7.5 = 0.167 < 0.375 , hence φ = 0.90

3
The location of the strands are measured from the cross-sectional geometry of the design section using the
“Create a Cut at Specified Location” and “Measure” tools of the program. The dimension is given in ft.

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 Technical Note

Design capacity ( φMn ) is given by:

φMn = 0.90[279.99(8.42 – 0.997/2) + 482.40 (7.50 – 0.997/2)]/12 = 419.66 k-ft

The design moment (Mu) is 434.766 k-ft. The difference between the hand calculation (419.66) and the
required value from the program (434.766) is 3.5%. The apparent discrepancy is due to the fact that the
program’s computation is based on “strain compatibility,” whereas the above verification was carried out
using the simple code formulas. Using strain compatibility, the stresses calculated for the prestressing
strands are generally higher. This leads to a smaller value for the required rebar, as reported in Table
2.5-1.

2.6 SUMMARY REPORT

The summary report generated for each of the design strips and shown as an example for design strip
1 lists the critical stresses, along with the envelope of the reinforcement required and provided.

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SUPPORT LINE 1
Stress Diagrams Stress Diagrams
Project: General name / Support Line 1 / Load Case: Service(Sustained Load) Project: General name / Support Line 1 / Load Case: Service(Sustained Load)
1.00 x Selfweight + 1.00 x Dead load + 0.30 x Live load + 1.00 x Prestressing 1.00 x Selfweight + 1.00 x Dead load + 0.30 x Live load + 1.00 x Prestressing
Tensile Stress Positive Tensile Stress Positive

Top Allowable Stresses Bottom Allowable Stresses

0
500
-100
400
-200
300
-300

Stress [psi]
Stress [psi]

200
-400

-500 100

-600 0

-700 -100

-800 -200
Span 1 Span 2 Span 3 Span 1 Span 2 Span 3

(a) Max tension 64.8 psi, Allowable 530.1 psi (b) Max tension 888.8 psi, Allowable 530.1 psi
Max compression -1136.7 psi, Allowable -2250.0 psi Max compression -289.6 psi, Allowable -2250.0 psi
DESIGN STRIP SERVICE COMBINATION STRESSES
(Tension stress positive)

Moment Diagrams
Project: General name / Support Line 1 / Load Case: Strength(Dead and Live)
1.20 x Selfweight + 1.20 x Dead load + 1.60 x Live load + 1.00 x Hyperstatic
Moment Drawn on Tension Side

-100

100
Moment [k-ft]

200

300

400

500
Span 1 Span 2 Span 3

DESIGN STRIP "DESIGN MOMENT (Mu)"

(Moment is drawn on the tension side)

Rebar Diagrams
Project: General name / Support Line 1 / Load Case: Envelope

Rebar Required Top Rebar Required Bottom

Rebar Provided Top Rebar Provided Bottom

0.0

-2.5
Rebar [in²]

-5.0

-7.5

-10.0

-12.5
Span 1 Span 2 Span 3

DESIGN STRIP REINFORCEMENT

REQUIRED AND PROVIDED

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