ASSIGNMENT IN ZOOLOGY NAME:__________________________________ CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM I. Identification. Identify what is being asked in each item.

1 It is the propulsive organ of the cardiovascular system. 2 It is the circulating medium of the cardiovascular system. 3 It is the smallest blood vessel. 4 What carries blood away from the heart? 5 What is responsible of the blood color? 6 The type of blood cells with 120 days life span. 7 What do you call the pacemaker of the heart? 8 What separates the left and right portions of the heart? 9 It separates the atria and ventricles. 10 What do you call the largest artery? 11 What pumps blood to the different parts of the body? 12 What receives oxygenated blood from the lungs? 13 What covers heart? 14 What provides blood to the heart? 15 The blood vessels that contain valves are _______. 16 The liquid part of the blood. 17 The pressure of the blood against the walls of a vessel. 18 When left ventricle contracts, blood enters the _________. 19 It is important for blood clotting. 20 It is carried by the blood from the lungs to body cells. Year & Section:__________________

II. Differentiate the following: 1. Oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood 2. Aortic semilunar valve and pulmonary semilunar valve 3. Atrium and ventricle 4. Superior/Inferior vena cava and aorta 5. Systole and diastole

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM I. Direction: Fill the table below by giving the common name and functions of the human respiratory system. Part of the Respiratory System Nasal cavity pharynx larynx Trachea alveolus Common Name Function

II. Direction: Identify whether each statement pertains to INHALATION or EXHALATION. Just write A for inhalation and B for exhalation. ____1. The lungs expand. ____2. The diaphragm moves up and out. ____3. The rib cage moves up and out. ____4. The lungs get smaller. ____5. The rib cage moves down and in. III. Essay Is the left lung prone to respiratory diseases? Why?

EXCRETORY SYSTEM I.Direction: Arrange the parts according to which come first and then match each part with its function. Use numbers in arranging the parts. Use Letter PART ___Urethra ___Kidneys ___Ureters ___Urinary bladder Function It can hold up to 600 ml of urine. convey urine from the kidneys. filter blood and produce urine This part is shorter in females while longer in males.

A. B. C. D.

II.TRUE or FALSE. Write KIDNEY if the statement is true and FALSE if otherwise. _______1. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. _______2. The skin, lungs, liver and large intestine are organs for excretion. _______3. The kidneys produce urine which helps the body get rid of nitrogenous wastes and helps maintain pH and salt balance. _______4. The urinary bladder is a non distensible organ which stores urine. _______5. The arrangement of the loop of Henle has nothing to do in its ability to reabsorb water. _______6. Glomerular filtration happens in the renal pelvis. _______7. Normal urine is made of 96% water and 4% solids in a solution. _______8. The ureters and urinary bladder are lined with transitional epithelium that has specialized function to stretch as the volume of the urinary bladder increases. _______9. Urination is initiated by the accumulation of about 900-1000 ml of urine. _______10. The renal corpuscle is made up of a Bowmans capsule and glomerulus. _______11.The presence of ADH controls the water reabsorbed into the blood. _______12.If water increases in the blood, ADH release is inhibited causing the distal convoluted more permeable to water. _______13. Alcohol causes dieresis. _______14. If the kidney is unable to concentrate solutes during urine formation, the body produce about 25L of dilute urine every 24 hours. _______15.Urine color is due to bilirubin and biliverdin. III. Determine whether each of the following statements refers to a process involved in urine formation. Write F for FILTRATION, R for REABSORPTON and T for TUBULAR SECRETION. ___1. The substances move from the filtrate back into the blood of the peritubular capillaries. ___2. The portion of the plasma entering the nephron becomes the filtrate. ___3. The blood plasma is filtered through the kidneys 60x a day. ___4. Hydrogen ions, potassium ions and drugs remaining in the peritubular capillaries are transported back into the renal tubule. ___5. 21% of the cardiac output enters the kidneys at any given time.

___6. The distal convoluted tubule of the loop of Henle functions to concentrate the filtrate by removing water and adding solutes. ___7. If blood pressure increases in the glomerular capillaries, filtration pressure also increases. ___8. Metabolic wastes products remain in the filtrate and are eliminated. ___9. Secretion of hydrogen ions maintains pH of body fluids. ___10. Important substances are recaptured in the interstitial fluid.

IMMUNE SYSTEM I. Identify what is being referred to based from the given statement. Choose your answer from the terms below. IgE Monocytes IgG edema neutrophils IgA redness eosinophils heat loss of function IgM Basophils inflammation pain IgD ______________1. They are the first to appear in the injury and phagocytic active. ______________2. They secrete histamine in response to tissue injury. ______________3. These are defenders against parasitic invaders such as helmintic worms by positioning themselves near the parasites wall and discharging hydrolytic enzymes. ______________4. It is the bodys primary response to injury. ______________5. Results from the influx of fluid to the damaged area. ______________6. Results when chemicals such as histamine and prostaglandin are released by damaged cells. ______________7. Results from the widening of the blood vessel wall ______________8. Results from the increased blood flow in the injured area. ______________9. They migrate to tissues and become macrophages. ______________10. Results when nerve endings are damaged. ______________11. Antibody present in tears and breast milk. ______________12. Antibody which enhances phagocytosis. ______________13. Antibody which provides immunity to unborn babies. ______________14. Antibody which binds to allergens and triggers histamine action ______________15. Antigen receptor on B cell surface.

II. Arrange the events during inflammatory response 1. Phagocytosis and destruction of the microbes 2. Exit of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) and later monocytes (another type of white blood cell) from the blood vessels into the tissues 3. Entry of microbes (bacteria) 4. Vasodilation (widening of the lumen of blood vessels) of the microcirculation (small blood vessels) resulting in increased blood flow 5. Tissue repair 6. Filtration of fluid into the tissue which leads to swelling 7. An increase in vascular (a channel or vessel for the conveyance of a body fluid) permeability to protein III. Differentiate the following: 1. Antibody and antigen

2. T cells and B cells

3. 1st line of defense, 2nd line of defense and 3rd line of defense

4. Antigen presenting cell and memory cell

5. Natural active acquired immunity and Natural passive acquired immunity

6. Artificial active acquired immunity and Artificial passive acquired immunity

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM I. Identify what is being asked in each item. Answers Questions It is a mixture of gland secretions and sperm cells. It is the cessation of menstrual cycle. It is an organ for copulation in males and is made of erectile tissue. It is where fertilization happens. What are the functional units of the testes? What is the normal temperature of the testes? What is the hormone produced by males? These are the organs for milk production. It connects the uterus to the vestibule. What are the hormones in females? What do you call the sac containing the testes? It neutralizes the acidic pH of the urethra. It contains nutrients and proteolytic enzymes and neutralizes the pH of the vagina It is where embryo is attached to during development. It it is the common cause of infertility in males? It is a surgical procedure in which the ductus deferens is cut or tied. A surgical procedure in which the uterine tube is cut or tied. The first episode of menstrual bleeding during puberty in females. The surgical removal of prepuce in males. The cells that provide nourishment to germ cells in the seminiferous tubules.

II. Essay Explain the significance of spermatogenesis and oogenesis.