Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement

Homogenization method for elastic materials

Frantisek SEIFRT
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Outline
1
Introduction
2
Description of the geometry
3
Problem setting
4
Implementation & Results
5
Bandgaps
6
Conclusion
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Introduction
Introduction
study of the homogenization method applied on elastic materials,
G. Nguetseng (1989), G. Allaire,
D. Cioranescu, P. Donato.
Homogenization method
simplies description of behavior of heterogeneous materials,
replacement by the homogenized, ctive material,
homogenized material should be a good approximation of the original het.
material.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Description of the geometry
Figure: Geometry of the lattice
Geometry
N N cells, cell size ,
domain

1
- elastic material 1,
domain

2
- elastic material 2,
reference cell Y = [0, 1[
3
.
Coordinates system
(x
1
, x
2
) macro coordinates,
(y
1
, y
2
) micro coordinates,
(x, y) represents
_
x

+ y.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
State equations
State equations
deection of the loaded lattice,
material coecients
c

ijkh
(x) = c
ijkh
_
x

_
, (1)
classical sense formulation
_
_
_

x
j
_
c

ijkh
(x)
u

k
x
h
_
= f
i
v ,
u

(x) = 0 na .
(2)
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
State equations
Weak formulation
_
_
_
Find u

H
1
0
() such that
_

mnkl
e
kl
(u

)e
mn
() =
_

f H
1
0
().
(3)
Cauchy tensor
e
kl
(v) =
1
2
_
v
k
x
l
+
v
l
x
k
_
, (4)
H
1
0
() is the Sobolev space H
1
() with compact support.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Homogenization method I
State equations for the homogenized material
_
_
_

x
j
_
c

ijkh
(x)
u

k
x
h
_
= f
i
in ,
u

(x) = 0 on .
(5)
homogeneous coecients (eective parameters)
c

ijkh
= c
average
ijkh
c
corrector
ijkh
, (6)
integral average of heterogeneous material coecients
c
average
ijkh
=
1
|Y|
_
Y
c
ijkh
(y) dy. (7)
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Homogenization method II
Corrector coecients
c
corrector
ijkh
=
1
|Y|
_
Y
c
ijlm
(y)

kh
l
y
m
dy, (8)
auxiliary functions
kh
_
Y
c

ijkh
e
ij
(
ij
)e
kh
(v) dy =
_
Y
c

lmkh
e
kh
(v) dy v W
1
per
(Y), (9)
where W
1
per
(Y) is the space of Y-periodic functions with a zero integral
average
W
1
per
(Y) =
_
v

v H
1
(Y),
_
Y
v
i
dy = 0, i = 1, 2
_
. (10)
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Discretization
Discretization
triangular mesh, nite elements method,
mass and force matrix
K

e
K

e
, f

e
f

e
,
(11)
state equation - heterogeneous material
K

= f, (12)
state equation - homogenized material
K

= f. (13)
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Implementation
Computation follows in four steps
computation of u

, solution to (3),
computation of the auxiliary functions (9),
computation of eective parameters c

ijkh
,
computation of u

(5).
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Results I
(a) Heterogeneous material (b) Homogenized material
Figure: Magnitude values of the displacement for considered materials (u

, u

).
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Results II
Figure: L
2
norm of displacements u

, u

.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Bandgaps I
Bandgaps
Material with a periodic structure can exhibit acoustic bandgaps.
Bandgaps = frequency ranges for which elastic or acoustic waves cannot
propagate.
Possible applications
frequency lters,
vibration dampers,
waveguides.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Bandgaps II
Weak formulation

2
_

mnkl
e
kl
(u

)e
mn
() =
_

f H
1
0
(). (14)
the mass density r

,
scaling
2
= strong heterogeneity in the relations for the material
coecients,
is the angular frequency,
for = 0 we get exactly the previous case,
for dierent from the resonance values - unique solution u

H
1
0
().
Discretization
(K

2
M)u

= f. (15)
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Conclusion
Summary
comparison of the real heterogeneous material with the homogeneous
material,
under certain circumstances good approximation.
Further goals
shape optimization,
objective function: larger bandgaps.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Shape optimization I
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Figure: Initial design
Closed B-spline of order k = 4
cubic polynomials,
design curves - material interfaces,
n
j
+ 1 is the amount of control points,
control points d
j
i
, j = 1, 2, i = 0, . . . , n
j
,
N
ik
are basis functions,
formula for the B-spline curves
X
j
(t) =
n
j

i =0
d
j
i
N
i 4
(t) t
_
t
0
, t
n
j
+1

,
T = (t
0
, t
1
, . . . , t
n
j
, t
0
, t
1
, t
2
, t
3
).
(16)
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Shape optimization II
(a) (b)
Figure: Admissible designs
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Literature
D. Cioranescu, P. Donato, An Introduction to Homogenization, Oxford
University Press, 1999.

Avila, A., Griso, G., Miara, B., Rohan, E., submitted. Multi-scale modelling
of elastic waves, Theoretical justication and numerical simulation of band
gaps. Multiscale Modeling & Simulation, SIAM journal.
F. Seifrt, E. Rohan, B. Miara, Inuence of the scale and material
parameters in modelling of vibrations of heterogeneous materials,
Computational mechanics 2006, pages 535-542.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement
The work has been supported by the project FRV

S 570/2007/G1.
Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials
Introduction Description of the geometry Problem setting Implementation & Results Bandgaps Conclusion Acknowledgement
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Frantisek SEIFRT Homogenization method for elastic materials