A statement of Le Chatelier's Principle If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to counteract the

change. By referring to the statement of the Le Chateliers Principle, if the concentration of a reactant is increased, the equilibrium position will shift in the direction that tends to reduce the concentration of this reactant. Thus, the position of equilibrium will shift to the right (forward reaction) because by doing so, some of the reactant will be used up. Conversely, if the concentration of the product increased, the equilibrium position will shifted to the left. If at equilibrium state, the concentration of one or more substances present in equilibrium mixture is changed, the equilibrium system will no longer remain in equilibrium state. The system will undergo changes in concentrations of various substances so as to minimize the effect or restore equilibrium state. Consider a reversible reaction: aA + bB Kc for the reaction is Kc = [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b If we add some more amount of A or B at equilibrium, the equilibrium system will be disturbed . According to Le-chatelier's principle, to restore equilibrium, the reaction will shift in the forward direction to cancel the effect of change in concentration. Actually an increase in concentration of reactants decreases the ratio [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b than Kc. To regain equilibrium, according to Le-chatelier's principle, at equilibrium the concentration of A and B will decrease and the concentrations of C and D will increase i.e the reaction will shift in the forward direction. However if at equilibrium the concentration of C or D is increased, the reaction will shift in the backward direction. For example, what would happen if the conditon is changed by increasing the concentration of A? According to Le Chatelier, the position of equilibrium will move in such a way as to counteract the change. That means that the position of equilibrium will move so that the concentration of A decreases again - by reacting it with B and turning it into C + D. The position of equilibrium moves to the right. cC + dD

This is a useful way of converting the maximum possible amount of B into C and D.

When referring to this experiment, the colour of the CuSO4 change from blue to green when added with the NaCl. The proggressive of the colour change when being added with the NaCl is slowly. This is because NaCl react slowly with the CuSO4. After the solution is added with water, the colour of the solution turn to greenish blue immedietly. This indicate that the position of the equilibrium change according to the new eqiulibrium state.