Physics Department Final term Exam of Solid State Physics P211 Date: 23/11/2010 allowed time : 2hr Dr .

Lobna Sharaf Eldeen: Dr .Lobna Sharaf Eldeen Student name : . Programme: physics and -------level:
Answer the following three questions Q1 Mark the correct statement and highlight the correct answer code in the answer sheet 1-The characteristic of crystalline solids a) indefinite shape b) short range orders c) isotropic d) definite melting point 2 - The relation between crystallographic angles in Hexagonal crystal system is a) = = 9 0 .0 ; 9 0.0 b) = = = 9 0 .0 c) d ) = = 9 0 .0; = 1 20.0 3 - A compound formed by elements A and B crystallizes in cubic structure, in which atoms of A are at the corners while that of B are at the centre. The formula of the compound is (a) AB3 (b) AB (c) A3B (d) A2B 4-The number of basic crystal systems based on their symmetry elements and crystallographic parameters is a) 14 b) 7 c) 230 d) 32 5- The parameters of crystal system in Cs Cl are a) a = b c ; = = 90.0 ; = 120.0 b) a = b = c ; = = = 9 0 .0 d) a b c , d) a b c , = = = 9 0 .0 6-The percentage of void volume in body centre cubic lattice is a) 26% b) 0% c) 32% d) 12% 7- AB AB AB......... represents an arrangement of layers called(a) hexagonal closed packing (b) cubic closed packing fcc (c) body centered cubic packing (d) fluorite close packing 8- The coordination no. of hcp structure for metals is 12, since(a) each atom touches 4 others in same layer, three in layer above and 3 in layer below. (b) each atom touches 4 others in same layer, 4 in layer above and 4 in layer below(c) Each atom touches 6 others in same layer, 3 in layer above and 3 in layer below. (d) Each atom touches 3 atoms in the same layer, 6 in layer above and 6 in layer below. 9 -The substance which exhibits highest electrical conductivity in the solid state is a) NaCl b) Diamond c) Silver d) Both 1 & 2 10- The number of Bravais lattices possible for a orthorhombic crystal system is equal to a) 14 b) 7 c) 2 d) 4 11- In which of the following Bravais systems only primitive arrangement of lattice points in the unit cell is possible ? a) Hexagonal b) Tetragonal c) Triclinic d) b&c 12- The number of C4 axes (four fold rotational axes) of symmetry present in a cubic system a) 2 b) 3. c)4 d) No C 4 axis of it 13- The number of atoms per a single simple cubic unit cell is a) 2 b) 1 c) 8 d) 12

14- The co-ordination number in body center cubic lattice is a) 6 b) 8 c) 12 d) 4 15-The number of nearest atoms surrounding a given atom in a metallic crystal containing primitive cubic unit cell is a) 6 b) 8 c) 12 d) 4 16-The unit cell present in the crystal lattice of diamond is a) CCP b) Tetragonal c) Hexagonal d) Rhombohedral 17- The fluorite crystal structure is present in a) Na F b ) CaF2 c) AlF3 d) Cs F 18- The type of voids occupied by anions in fluorite structure is a) Octahedral b) Tetrahedral c) Trigonal d) Body centred cubic 19-Conversion of amorphous substances into crystalline state by slow cooling of melting amorphous substances is called a) Crystallization b) Annealing c) quenching d)Sintering 20- The type of bonds present between molecules in ice are: a) vander Waal b) Covalent bonds c) Hydrogen bonds d) Both vander Waals attractions and Hydrogen bonds 21- The relation between radius (r) of atom and edge length (a) in the body centred cubic unit cell of closest packed atoms is a) b) c) d)

22- The length of a face diagonal of a simple cubic unit cell is 120 pm. The radius of the atom is a) 60 pm b) 42.4 pm c ) 72 pm d) 47.3 pm 23- Magnesium crystallizes into a lattice containing closely packed layers in ABAB____ pattern. The distance between each successive layers is 217 pm. What is the radius of magnesium atom? a) 132.88 pm b) 217 pm c) 108.5 pm d) 265.76pm 24- The crystal structure present in NaCl is called a) Fluorite structure b) Rock-salt structure c) Anti-fluorite structure d) Zinc Blend structure 25- The number of octahedral halls occupied by Na+ ions(0 0 , ), in a single unit cell of NaCl is a) 4 b)8 c) 2 d ) Zero 26- The number of nearest Cl- ions around an Na+ ion in NaCl crystal is a) 8 b )6 c) 4 d) 12 27- The radii of Na+ and Cl- ions are 95 pm and 181 pm respectively. The edge length of unit cell in NaCl is a) 457 pm b) 552 pm c) 190 pm d) 362 pm 28- The number of nearest Cs+ ions present around a Cs+ ion in CsCl crystal is a) 8 b) 6 c) 4 d) 12 29- In a unit cell of an ionic crystal, anions (Y) occupy the lattice points of face centered cubic lattice and cations (X) occupy all the tetrahedral voids. The formula of the ionic compound will be a) XY2 b) X2Y2 c) X2Y d) XY 30- The co-ordination number of Ca2+ ions in CaF2 is a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 6

Student name

This is the figure of zinc-blende structure may help you to answer the following ( 31 -36 ) questions 31-The number of anions per a single unit cell in zinc-blende structure is a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 1 32- The type of voids occupied by cations in zinc-blende structure is a) Octahedral b) Tetrahedral c) Trigonal

d ) Body centred cubic

33- The co-ordination number of Zn2+ ions in ZnS is: a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 6 34- The type of voids occupied by S2- ions in ZnS crystal is: a) Body centered cubic b) Octahedral c) Trigonal d) Tetrahedral 35-The number of Zn2+ ions present per a single unit cell in ZnS crystal is a) 4 b) 2 c) 8 d) 12 36- The co-ordination number of S2- ions in ZnS is a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 4

37- In F - centers a) The electrons trapped in anion vacancies b) The electrons trapped in cation vacancies c) Non equivalent sites of stoichiometric compounds d) All of the above. 38- Amorphous solids may be classified as a) Isotropic and superheated solids b) Anisotropic and super cooled liquids c) Isoenthalpic and superheated liquids d) Isotropic and super cooled liquids 39- The bond length and bond angles in molecules in the solid state are calculated by x-ray diffraction technique because x-rays are scattered by a) Nucleus b) Protons only c) Electrons only d) Neutrons only 40-Creation of holes due to transfer of a cation from its lattice point to the interstitial space is called a) Frenkel defect b) Line defects c) Schottky defect d)Anti-site defects In Bridgman Crystal Growth Techniques: 41. -Melt materials under vacuum (true or false) 42. -Dont uses seed crystal (true or false) 43. -Pulls the crystal out of the melt slowly (true or false) 44. Requires multiple passes of the furnace to achieve crystal (true or false) 45. Crucibles usually used one time (true or false) 46. Carefully controlled temperature gradient required (true or false) 47. cool down times are long (true or false) 48. Crystal rotator and translator was used (true or false) 49. Molten zone of the material stability is critical (true or false)

50. melt materials in a chamber under Argon 51-54 1234Match the following lattice defects

(true or false)

Complete the following sentences with the mathematical relations Follow At thermal equilibrium the average energy of phonons equals 55- the MCQ

56-The momentum of the phonon equals

57- The five basic classes of two dimensions lattices are 58-The wavelength of electron beam through accelerating potential V equals 59-The relation between the potential energy of atoms and the interatomic attractive force F(R) equals

60- The dispersion relation for the one -dimensional monatomic lattice equals

Physics Department Final term Exam of Solid State Physics P211 Date: 23/11/2010 allowed time : 2hr Dr .Lobna Sharaf Eldeen: Dr .Lobna Sharaf Eldeen Student name : . Programme: physics and -------level:

Q1

Answer the following three questions The 1 question consist of 1-60 sup questions in three papers answer it in the same paper and highlight the correct answer code in the answer sheet
st A

Q2

A first order diffraction of an X-ray by crystal planes separated by a distance 231 pm, in a solid is observed at a diffraction angle() of 60.0. By using same radiation the first order diffraction is observed at =30.0 in another solid..calculate the interplanar distance in the second solid Explaine the advantages and disadvantages of the Neutron radiation and the electron beam as a tools of investigation of the crystal structures. Explain how can you determine the Miller indices State the dispersion relation for the one-dimensional diatomic lattice and plot and explain the two dispersion branches, w versus q, for this lattice. A lattice has a unite cell dimensions a=4A, b=6Ao c= 8Ao , == 90o and =120 o ,Determine and calculate the following for the reciprocal lattice : lattice parameters a*,b* and c*, *,* and * 1. The volume of the real and the reciprocal unite cell 2. The spacing between (210) plans 3. The length of the shortest vectors in the reciprocal lattice

B A

C Q3