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Perspektiven der industriellen Nutzung nachwachsender Rohstoffe, insbesonders von Strke und Zucker H. Rper 4.-6.Sept. Oldenburg
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Lignin
Carbohydrates
Wood
2.200 mio t 1.800 mio t
Cereals Food
3.700 mio t 2.000 mio t Energy & Housing
2.000 mio t
Renewable/Fossil Resources
Renewable Resources Total use: 6.000 mio t/a Fossil Resources Total use: 7.300 mio t OE/a 93% energy, 7%RM Chem. Ind Cereals
2.200 mio t 1.800 mio t
Wood
Oil
3.250 mio t 2.250 mio t O.E
Coal
2.000 mio t
Total available: coal 850.000 mio t Total available: 170.000 mio t/a gas 120.000 billion m3 oil 135.000 mio t Source: M. Eggersdorfer et al. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 103 (1992) 355
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Natural gas
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Sugar
Starch
Oil
Fats/Oils
Oil 18.4 mio t Gas 1.7 mio t RRM 1.8 mio t Coal 0.5 mio t
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82% 8% 8% 2%
0.900 mio t 50% 0.465 mio t 28% 0.250 mio t 14% 0.032 mio t 2 % 0.100 mio t 6 %
Vegetable Oils
Sucrose
17 mio t (21.2%)
Starch
37 mio t (46.1%)
36 mio t (85.1%)
Cellulose
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Cellulose
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Cleaning Cleaning
Separation Separation
Main Products
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Starch Starch Modified Starches Modified Starches Hydrolysed Hydrolysed Oxidised Oxidised Esters Esters Ethers Ethers Crossbonded Crossbonded Dextrins Dextrins Maltodextrins Hydrolysates Derivatives
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Graft Polymers SAP STARCH Glucosan MOD STARCHES Hydrolysed Oxidised Esters Ethers (cationic) Biopolyols Erythritol
Liquefacts
MALTODEXTRINS Block-Copolymers Solutions Emulsions Polycarboxylates Maltitol Glucoside esters Alkyl glucosides APG's Citric acid Lactic acid Itaconic acid GLUCOSE HFCS Aminosorbitols Gluconates SYRUPS
Maltose
Alcohols Organic acids Ethanol Butanol Amino Acids Lysine Glutamic acid Tryptophane
SORBITOL
Glucamides Sorbose DAS 2-KGA Vitamin C Sorbitan Esters
MANNOSE
FRUCTOSE
Glucarates SORMAN
Mannitol HMF
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Glucose + Fructose
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Furan resins
Sucrose utilisation
Sucrose tricarboxylic acid Sucroseester
(emulsifyer)
Sucralose
O O O
Sucrose polyester
(Olestra; fat replacer)
3-Keto sucrose
Furan dicarboxylic acid
Isomalt
Isomaltulose
Sucrose
Fructose
HMF
Dihydroxymethyl furan
Organic acids
e.g Citric acid, Lactic acid Amino acids Biotechn. Conversion O Chemical conversion
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3-Keto sucrose
OH H
H O HO H H OH
OH H
O H
HO HO
OH
H
HOH 2 C
O
O OH CH 2 OH
O
HOH 2 C
O
H H HO H OH
H H HO
CH 2 OH
S ucrose
3-K eto-sucrose
> p,>T
Buchholz et al.
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Fructooligosaccharides (scFOS)
(Neosugar, Actilight)
OH O OH OH OH
HO O OH
OH OH
OH OH HO O HO O OH 1 2 O O OH OH OH
n
OH
OH
OH
Sucrose
FOS
FOS G FOS P (>70% d.s.) (>70% d.s.) <25 0.2 9 1.7 21 37 20 36 1 2 >41 >72
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Isomaltulose/Isomaltitol
H OH H HO HO H H OH H O
OH
O OH OH
OH
OH
H H
OH
5 -O -( D -g lu c o p y ra n o s y l)-D -a ra b in o n ic a c id
H O
HO HO H H HOH
2C
1
H H OH O O H OH
P ro ta m in o b a c te r ru b ru m O tra n s g lu c o s id a tio n
HO HO H H H OH
1
H
O 2 /K O H
6'
H OH O OH
OCH
2'
2'
H CH 2 OH CH 2 OH HO H
H HO H
1'
H 2 /N H 3 /C a t. > p ,> T
S u c ro s e
H OH
H HO HO H H
O OH H OH OH NH
2
S dzuck er A G
O
OH
2 -A m in o -2 -d e o x y -is o m a ltito l
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Paper additive Thermoplastic filler Particle board adhesive Biotechnological processes Alcohol Methane Single cell protein
Food Applications
Modification
Key-properties
Application properties<
Specific customer demands
Rheology Water binding Retention Adhesive / Binding power Gel strength Degradability
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Powder
e.g. ceramic powder aluminium dust coal powder filter dust
Dough
Pieces
e.g. Pellets bars briquettes cylinders sheets
Drying
- about 200C - about 300C
Effect
hot bonding carbonisation
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Glucamides
C H2 C O O H HO C COOH C H2 C O O H
Builder/Cobuilder
Citric Acid
C H 2 O Ac H O Ac O Ac H O Ac
Oxidised Starch
H AcO H AcO H2C C H2 O Ac H O Ac O Ac H O Ac + A cO H H AcO H2C
Bleach activators
Sorman
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BI O
DE G
Composite material > 50% with different synthetic starch polymers 6-20% starch
RA DA BI L
Thermoplastic starch
IT Y
100% Molds, films, fibres, based on medical implants starch Molds, films, expanded products with lower water resistance / mechanical properties Molds, films, expanded products (loose fill) Molds and films but not biodegradable
Skin compatibility, skin protection, tactile characteristics, non critical impurities, environmental compatibility, stability, processibility, no colour, no odour
natural-compatible-non-toxic-functional-controlled release-nutritional-chiral
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Excipients diluents desintegrating agents binders bulking agents / carriers lubricants Acidulants / Antiacidulants Infusion solutions Synthons for drugs Pharma
Skin care Fragrances Decorative cosmetics Hair care Oral / dental hygiene Deodorants
- natural - compatible
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Vital Gluten
Corn Oil
STARCH
Liquefaction Refining Saccharification Refining Maltodextrins
90 DE Syrup
97 DE Syrup
Crystalline Dextrose
Epimerisation Mannose
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Combination Complementary effects Synergistic effects Biodegradability Biocompatibility Non-toxicity Molecular recognition Chirality effects Solventless inks, paints, glues Biodegradable detergents Biodegradable packaging materials Controlled release agrochemicals
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Classical breeding and genetic engineering for new or improved plants with :
Better separability Resistance against diseases and pests Higher yields Uniform composition / monocomposition New functionalities
Technical processing :
q
Application development :
- Simplified model systems for easier products screening - Combination with petrochemical products for achieving complementary or synergistic effects
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