Academic Sciences

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ISSN- 0975-1491 Vol 3, Issue 4, 2011

ResearchArticle

PHARMACOGNOSTICANDPRELIMINARYPHYTOCHEMICALINVESTIGATIONOFCORCHORUS FASCICULARISLAM.LEAVES

A.P.RAJPUT1*,T.A.RAJPUT2
1*

P.G.ResearchCenter,Z.B.PatilCollege,Deopur,.2R.C.PatelACSCollegeShirpur,Dist.Dhule(M.S.)India.425405. Email:aprajput@rediffmail.com. Received:5Aug2011,RevisedandAccepted:11Sep2011

ABSTRACT LeavesofplantCorchorusfascicularisL.arereportedtopossessgoodmedicinalvaluesintraditionalsystemofmedicine.Thepresentinvestigation dealswithpreliminaryphytochemicalinvestigationofleavesofCorchorusfascicularisL.whichincludesphysicochemicalparameterslikeashvalues, extractivevaluesandmoisturecontent.Thetotalash,acidinsolubleash,watersolubleashvaluesandsulphatedashwereobservedtobe5.40%, 2.96%,1.85%,0.65%respectively.Alcoholsolubleandwatersolubleextractivevaluesofleaveswareobservedto be2.90%,5.54%respectively. Phytochemicalinvestigationofnhexane,chloroform,ethanolandwaterextractrevealedthepresenceofglycosides,tannins,terpenoids,steroids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins and proteins. The main aim of present investigation is to study the pharmacognostic characters and phytochemicalstandardofleavesofCorchorusfascicularisL.whichcouldbeusedtoprepareamonographfortheproperidentificationofplant. Keywords:CorchorusfascicularisL.,Phytochemicalanalysis,nhexaneextract. INTRODUCTION CorchorusfasciculariscommonlycalledasHirankhuriisanannual herb found in throughout India and also many tropical countries. The leaves are tasty and sour. It shows activity of Laxative, Stimulant, tonic and aphrodisiac. The seeds remove tumors, pain stomach troubles, skin diseases and scabies. It is useful in discharging ulcers1. Powder of entire plant is used as tonic to anemic patient2. Ursolic acid, oxocorosin and corosolic acid isolated from roots3.Corchorus fascicularis L. shows physiological activity4.Glycosidesareisolatedfrom corchorusfascicularisL.5.In Ayurvedicsystemofmedicinesthisplanthasalargedemanddue toitsusesinthetreatmentofmanychronicandacutediseasesand disorders. In continuation of work of phytochemical studies of various plants we are presenting this paper on Corchorus fascicularisL. MATERIALANDMETHODS PhytochemicalInvestigation Ethanol,nhexane,chloroformandwaterextractsweresubjectedto phytochemical analysis for the presence of various secondary phytoconstituentsusingstandardchemicaltests7,8. RESULTANDDISCUSSION Physical appearance, color and odor of different extracts were recordedin(Table1). The physical constants evaluation of drugs is an important parameterindetectingadulterationorimproperhandlingofdrugs. Thetotalashvalueisimportantinevaluationofpurityofdrugsi.e. presence or absence of foreign inorganic matter. The ash values, extractive values and moisture content of leaves were determined andresultsareshownin(Table2). Phytochemical tests for the presence of phytoconstituentsshowedfollowingresults(Table3) secondary

PlantMaterialCollectionandAuthentication Table1:ShowscharacteristicsofCorchorusfascicularisL.extracts TheleavesofplantCorchorusfasciculariswerecollectedfromvillage Tande of Shirpur tehasil in Dhule district (M.S.). The specimens of plants were authenticated by Dr.L.K. Kshirsagar, Department of Botany, S.S.V.P.Ss L. K. Dr. Ghogrey Science College, Dhule (M.S.). The dried uniform leaves powder was used for the extraction of constituents of the plant, determination of ash values, extractive valuesandphytochemicalinvestigation. Dryingandpulverization

Sr. No. 1 2 3 4

Extract Ethanol N hexane Chloroform Water

Physical Appearance SemiSolidmass Syrupymass SemiSolidmass SemiSolidmass

Color DarkGreen LightGreen DarkGreen Greenish Brown

Odor Pungent Aromatic Aromatic Aromatic Pungent Aromatic

LeavesofCorchorusfascicularisL.wereshadedriedandpulverized andstoredinanairtightcontainerforfutureuse. Extractionofpowderedleaves The powdered leaves were successively extracted by cold maceration process using organic solvents like ethanol, nhexane, chloroform and water. All the extracts were evaporated to dryness andstoredforfutureuse. PharmacognosticStudies PhysicochemicalInvestigation The moisture content, total ash, water soluble ash, acid insoluble ash,sulphatedash,alcoholandwatersolubleextractivevalueswere determinedaspartofitsphysicochemicalparameters6. 3

Table2:ShowsphysicochemicalparametersofCorchorus fascicularisL.leaves Sr.No. 1 2 Parameters Lossondrying Ashvalues: Totalash Acidinsolubleash Watersolubleash Sulphatedash Extractivevalues: Watersolubleextractives Alcoholsolubleextractives Petroleumethersoluble extractives Values(%)w/w 3.01% 5.40% 2.96% 1.85% 0.64 5.54% 2.90% 1.73%

Rajputetal. IntJPharmPharmSci,Vol3,Issue4,365366 Table3:Showpreliminaryphytochemicalscreeningof CorchorusfascicularisL.leavespowder. Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

3. Water + + + _ + _ + + + + 4. 5.

Phytoconstituents Alkaloids Carbohydrates Glycosides Flavonoids Phenol&Tannins Steroids Terpenoids Saponins Proteins AminoAcids

Ethanol _ + + + + _ + _ + +

N Hexane + _ _ _ _ _ + _ _ _

Chloroform + _ _ _ _ + _ _ _ _

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT Authors are heartily thankful to Principal Z.B. Patil College Dhule, Management R.C. Patel Educational Trust and Principal R.C. Patel ACSCollegeShirpur,Dist.Dhule(MS)Indiaforavailingallnecessary facilities. REFERENCES 1. 2. Kirtikar KR, Basu BD: Indian Medicinal Plants. International BookDistributor,Dehradun.1996:4012. PatilDA:Flora ofDhuleandNandurbarDistricts.SingBishen Publishers,Dehradun,2003:1123.

13.

Sing M, Panda H: Medicinal Herbs with their Formulations. DayaPublication,India.2005:28990. HossenM,AliMS,BegumM,KhattonandHalimA.Jour.Innov. Dev.Strategy.2008;3:7173. Tariq M, Bhardwaj SL, Sharma RC, Gupta SK, Gupta L. Pharmacological studies in the glycoside isolated from corchorus fascicularis Lam. Jour. Ind. Exp. Biology. 1973; 11: 24849. Khandelwal KR, Practical Pharmacognosy. Nirali Prakashan, Pune.2005:11730. Harborne JB, Phytochemical Methods. Chapmann and Hall, London.1973:16870. Kokate CK, Gokhale SB, Purohit AP, Pharmacognosy. Nirali Prakashan,Pune.2004:10110. RajputAPandYadavSS.Jour.Phyto.Res.2000;3:16166. RajputA.P.,AsianJournalofChemistry,2000;14:79598. Rajput AP, Patel MK. Preliminary Phytochemical and AntibacterialStudiesofAbutilonIndicumLeaves.IntJournalof BiotechandBioengineeringResearch.2011;1:9199. Jaya Mathur, Pankaj Khatri, Kartick Chandra Samanta, Ashish Sharma and Subhash Mandal, Pharmacognoastic and Preliminary phytochemical Investigation of Amaranthus Spinosus (Linn.) Leaves. Int J Pharmcy Pharm Sci. 2010, 4(2); 121124. Subhas Chandrappa M, Harsha R, Dinesha R, Thammanna GowdaS.AntibacterialActivityofcoleusAromaticusLeaves.Int JPharmcyPharmSci.2010;3:6366.

366