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SUMMARY
Name : Mawardi
Study Programe : Chemistry
Title : Studies of Biosorption of Heavy Metal Ions By Green Algae
Spirogyra subsalsa Biomass
In this research was studied utilization of green algae Spirogyra subsalsa biomass
for biosorbent heavy metal ions, specially Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cr3+dan Cr6+
cations. Algae S subsalsa sp. biomass, that was take from Batang Air Dingin
River, Padang City, West Sumatera, Indonesia. Several variables affecting the
degree of heavy metal ions biosorption by algae biomass, i.e: solution pH,
biosorbent particle size, rate of shake, affect of heated biosorbent, contact time
(rate of sorption), and initial cations concentration. Affect of binary cations
system, i.e existence of cations Pb2+- Cu2+, Pb2+- Ca2+; Cd2+- Cu2+, Cd2+- Ca2+;
Cu2+- Pb2+, Cu2+- Cd2+ and Cu2+ - Mn2+ in solution, to biosorption capacity of
biomass were evaluated. The affects of key parameters such as solution pH,
contact time (rate sorption), and initial cation concentration. The biosorption of
Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cr3+ cations increase rapidly with pH in the range of 2,0 to
3,0; the maximum sorption was seen at pH 4,0 and than constant at the higher pH.
Biosorption of Cr6+, exist as Cr2O72- anion, decrease by increase of solution pH.
Also, increasing the metals concentration increased the final metal uptake. At a
sufficiently high cations concentration of 200 mg/L; 150 mg/L; 150 mg/L; 100
mg/L; 50 mg/L and 50 mg/L for cations Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cr3+ and Cr6+ ,
respectively. The Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to fit the experimental
data. The maximum biosorption capacity was estimated to be close 9,04; 6,03 ;
3,56 ; 2,91 ; 1,82 and 1,51 mg per gram dry biomass. The biosrption process of
Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ cations was a rapid process, wherein 87,5%; 99%;
94,7% dan 97,2% of the final uptake value occur within the first 5 min of the
contact time, recpectively, while Cr3+ and Cr6+ cations, 37,4%; and 21,9% uptake
occurred whitin the first ten minutes of exposure. Generally, particle size of
biosorbent, rate of shake, and heated of biosorbent relatively little affecting the
capacity of biosorbent, (3 - 10 %). Existence of binary cations system Pb2+- Cu2+ ;
Pb2+- Ca2+ and; Cd2+- Cu2+; Cd2+- Ca2+ and; Cu2+- Pb2+; Cu2+- Cd2+ and Cu2+ -
Mn2+ in solution was decrease of the amount of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ cations
binding 32,8% ; 19,2% and 21,3% ; 13,60% and 18,5%; 9,8% ; 8,2%
respectively. It has been found that metals biosorption (Ca2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Ag+)
by green algae S. subsalsa biomass is selective and, in some cases, competitive.
Also, the mechanism involved in biosorption resulted ion exhange between cation
metals, as counters ions present in the biomass and heavy metals ions and proton
taken up from eluen.
In this studies was learned about function of functional group in algae S. subsalsa
sp biomass in course of biosorption each Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cr3+ and Cr6+
cations, by treating biomass by chemical modification of carboxyl, carbonyl and
amino groups, that is methanol 99%, glicol, and mixture formaldehyde and formic
acid, influence of immobilization of biomass within polysilicate matrix to
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