Financial Pillar

F2 Financial Management

Instructions to candidates
You are allowed three hours to answer this question paper. You are allowed 20 minutes reading time before the examination begins during which you should read the question paper and, if you wish, highlight and/or make notes on the question paper. However, you will not be allowed, under any circumstances, to open the answer book and start writing or use your calculator during this reading time. You are strongly advised to carefully read ALL the question requirements before attempting the question concerned (that is all parts and/or subquestions). ALL answers must be written in the answer book. Answers written on the question paper will not be submitted for marking. You should show all workings as marks are available for the method you use. ALL QUESTIONS ARE COMPULSORY. Section A comprises 5 questions and is on pages 2 to 6. Section B comprises 2 questions and is on pages 8 to 11. Maths tables and formulae are provided on pages 13 to 15. The list of verbs as published in the syllabus is given for reference on page 19. Write your candidate number, the paper number and examination subject title in the spaces provided on the front of the answer book. Also write your contact ID and name in the space provided in the right hand margin and seal to close. Tick the appropriate boxes on the front of the answer book to indicate the questions you have answered.

The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants 2010

F2 Financial Management

25 November 2010 Thursday Afternoon Session

SECTION A 50 MARKS
[You are advised to spend no longer than 18 minutes on each question in this section.]

ANSWER ALL FIVE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

Question One
LBP granted share options to its 600 employees on 1 October 2007. Each employee will receive 500 share options provided they continue to work for LBP for four years from the grant date. The fair value of each option at the grant date was $1.48. The actual and expected staff movement over the 4 years to 30 September 2011 is given below: 2008 20 employees left and another 50 were expected to leave over the next three years. 2009 A further 25 employees left and another 40 were expected to leave over the next two years. 2010 A further 15 employees left and another 20 were expected to leave the following year. 2011 No actual figures are available to date. The sales director of LBP has stated in the board minutes that he disagrees with the treatment of the share options. No cash has been paid out to employees, therefore he fails to understand why an expense is being charged against profits.

Required: (a)
Calculate the charge to the income statement for the year ended 30 September 2010 for LBP in respect of the share options and prepare the journal entry to record this. (6 marks) Explain the principles of recognition and measurement for share-based payments as set out in IFRS 2 Share-based Payments so as to address the concerns of the sales director. (4 marks) (Total for Question One = 10 marks)

(b)

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Question Two
A relative of yours has retired recently from the business world and has decided to invest some of his money in the stock market. You have received an email from him asking for advice: I have set aside some funds and wish to make some investments in the stock market. There are a number of entities that have caught my attention and I have been comparing their performance and financial position using their latest financial statements. The management commentary and chairmans statement for one entity in particular, mentions staff being a key resource and a substantial asset.

Required:
Discuss why the narrative elements of financial statements are likely to include comments about staff resource being a key asset and the issues of recognition that prevent such assets from being included in the statement of financial position. (10 marks)

Section A continues on the next page

TURN OVER November 2010 3 Financial Management

Question Three
The income statements for AB, CD and EF for the year ended 30 June 2010 are shown below. AB $000 2,000 (1,200) 800 (400) (240) 40 200 (50) 150 CD $000 1,500 (1,000) 500 (120) (250) 130 (40) 90 EF $000 800 (500) 300 (80) (100) 120 (20) 100

Revenue Cost of sales Gross profit Distribution costs Administrative expenses Other income Profit before tax Income tax expense Profit for the year Additional information 1.

AB acquired 80% of the ordinary share capital of CD on 1 July 2008 for $4,100,000. At the date of acquisition the fair value of the net assets of CD was $5,000,000. The group policy is to value non-controlling interest at fair value and at the date of acquisition the fair value of the non-controlling interest was $1,100,000. No impairment of goodwill arose in the year ended 30 June 2009, however, an impairment review conducted on 30 June 2010 showed goodwill had been impaired by 15%. Impairment is charged to administrative expenses. AB acquired 20% of the ordinary share capital of EF on 1 October 2009. The interest acquired enables AB to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of EF. During the year to 30 June 2010, AB and CD paid ordinary dividends of $100,000 and $50,000 respectively. Income from investments is shown in Other income. Included in the fair value uplift on the acquisition of CD were depreciable assets with a remaining useful life at the acquisition date of 12 years. The fair value of these assets was found to be $240,000 higher than book value. The group policy is to depreciate non-current assets on a straight line basis over their estimated economic useful life. Depreciation is charged to administrative expenses. EF sold goods to AB on 1 May 2010 with a sales value of $80,000. Half of these goods remain in ABs inventories at the year end. EF makes 25% profit margin on all sales.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Required:
Prepare the consolidated income statement for the AB Group for the year ended 30 June 2010. (Total for Question Three = 10 marks)

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Question Four
BCL entered into a forward contract on 31 July 2010 to purchase B$2 million at a contracted rate of A$1: B$0.64 on 31 October 2010. The contract cost was nil. BCL prepares its financial statements to 31 August 2010. At 31 August 2010 an equivalent contract for the purchase of B$2 million could be acquired at a rate of A$1: B$0.70.

Required: (a)
Explain how this financial instrument should be classified and prepare the journal entry required for its measurement as at 31 August 2010. (6 marks)

(b)

Assume now that the instrument described above was designated as a hedging instrument in a cash flow hedge, and that the hedge was 100% effective.

(i)

Explain how the gain or loss on the instrument for the year ended 31 August 2010 should now be recorded and why different treatment is necessary. Prepare an extract of the statement of total comprehensive income for BCL for the year ended 31 August 2010, assuming the profit for the year of BCL was A$1 million, before accounting for the hedging instrument. (4 marks) (Total for Question Four = 10 marks)

(ii)

Section A continues on the next page

TURN OVER November 2010 5 Financial Management

Question Five
LOP operates in the construction industry and prepares its financial statements in accordance with IFRS. It is listed on its local exchange. LOP is looking to expand its overseas operations by acquiring a new subsidiary. Two geographical areas have been targeted, Frontland and Sideland. Entity A operates in Frontland and entity B operates in Sideland. Both entities are listed on their local exchanges. The financial highlights for entities A, B and LOP are provided below for the last trading period. A $160m 26% 9% 65% 5% 11.6 B $300m 17% 11% 30% 9% 15.9 LOP $500m 28% 16% 38% 8% 16.3

Revenue Gross profit margin Net profit Gearing Average rate of interest available in the respective markets P/E ratio

Required: (a) Analyse the information provided by the key financial indicators above and explain
the impact that each entity would have on the financial indicators of LOP. (7 marks)

(b) Explain the limitations of using this type of analysis to decide on a potential
takeover target. (3 marks) (Total for Question Five = 10 marks)

(Total for Section A = 50 marks)

End of Section A Section B starts on page 8

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TURN OVER

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SECTION B 50 MARKS
[You are advised to spend no longer than 45 minutes on each question in this section.]

ANSWER BOTH QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION 25 MARKS EACH

Question Six
The statements of financial position for ROB and PER as at 30 September 2010 are provided below: ROB PER ASSETS $000 $000 Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment 22,000 5,000 Available for sale investment (note 1) 4,000 26,000 5,000 Current assets Inventories 6,200 800 Receivables 6,600 1,900 Cash and cash equivalents 1,200 300 14,000 3,000 Total assets 40,000 8,000 EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Equity Share capital ($1 equity shares) Retained earnings Other components of equity Total equity Non-current liabilities 5% Bonds 2013 (note 2) Current liabilities Total liabilities Total equity and liabilities

20,000 7,500 500 28,000

1,000 5,000 6,000

3,900 8,100 12,000 40,000

2,000 2,000 8,000

Additional information: 1. ROB acquired a 15% investment in PER on 1 May 2008 for $600,000. The investment was classified as available for sale and the gains earned on it have been recorded within other reserves in ROBs individual financial statements. The fair value of the 15% investment at 1 April 2010 was $800,000. On 1 April 2010, ROB acquired an additional 60% of the equity share capital of PER at a cost of $2,900,000. In its own financial statements, ROB has kept its investment in PER as an available for sale asset recorded at its fair value of $4,000,000 as at 30 September 2010. 2. ROB issued 4 million $1 5% redeemable bonds on 1 October 2009 at par. The associated costs of issue were $100,000 and the net proceeds of $3.9 million have been recorded within non-current liabilities. The bonds are redeemable at $4.5 million on 30 September 2013 and the effective interest rate associated with them is approximately 8.5%. The interest on the bonds is payable annually in arrears and the amount due has been paid in the year to 30 September 2010 and charged to the income statement.

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3.

An impairment review was conducted at the year end and it was decided that the goodwill on the acquisition of PER was impaired by 10%. It is the group policy to value non-controlling interest at fair value at the date of acquisition. The fair value of the non-controlling interest at 1 April 2010 was $1.25 million. The profit for the year of PER was $3 million, and profits are assumed to accrue evenly throughout the year. PER sold goods to ROB for $400,000. Half of these goods remained in inventories at 30 September 2010. PER makes 20% margin on all sales. No dividends were paid by either entity in the year to 30 September 2010.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Required: (a) Explain how the investment in PER should be accounted for in the consolidated
financial statements of ROB, following the acquisition of the additional 60% shareholding. (5 marks)

(b) Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position as at 30 September 2010

for the ROB Group. (20 marks) (Total for Question Six = 25 marks)

Section B continues on the next page

TURN OVER November 2010 9 Financial Management

Question Seven
GD is an entity that operates in the packaging industry across a number of different markets and activities. GD has applied to the financial institution where you are employed, for a long term loan of $150 million. Your immediate supervisor was working on the report and recommendation in response to GDs request, but has fallen ill and you have been asked to complete the analysis and prepare the supporting documentation for the next management meeting to discuss applications for lending. Extracts from the consolidated financial statements of GD are provided below:

Statement of financial position as at 30 June Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Goodwill Current assets Inventories Receivables Held for trading investments Cash and cash equivalents Total assets EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Equity attributable to owners of the parent Share capital ($1 shares) Revaluation reserve Retained earnings Non-controlling interest Total equity Non-current liabilities Long term loans Current liabilities Payables Bank overdraft Income tax payable Total liabilities Total equity and liabilities

2010 $m 548 29 577 146 115 31 292 869

2009 $m 465 24 489 120 125 18 41 304 793

120 18 293 431 65 496

120 183 303 61 364

90 185 50 48 283 373 869

180 160 89 249 429 793

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Statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 30 June Revenue Cost of sales Gross profit Distribution costs Administrative expenses Finance costs Profit before tax Income tax expense PROFIT FOR THE YEAR Other comprehensive income Revaluation of property Total comprehensive income (net of tax) Profit for the year attributable to: Owners of the parent Non-controlling interest Total comprehensive income attributable to: Owners of the parent Non-controlling interest

2010 $m 1,200 (840) 360 (40) (130) (11) 179 (50) 129 18 147

2009 $m 1,400 (930) 470 (45) (120) (15) 290 (85) 205 205

121 8 129 139 8 147

195 10 205 195 10 205

Additional information 1. In August 2009, a new competitor entered one of GDs markets and pursued an aggressive strategy of increasing market share by undercutting GDs prices and prioritising volume sales. The directors had not anticipated this as GD had been the market leader in this area for the past few years. 2. The minutes from the most recent meeting of the Board of Directors state that the directors believe they can implement a new strategy to regain GDs market position in this segment, providing long term funding can be secured. GD acquired a subsidiary during the year as part of the new strategy and revenue is forecast to increase by the second quarter of 2011. A meeting is scheduled with GDs main suppliers to discuss a reduction in costs for bulk orders. The existing long-term loan is due to be repaid on 1 August 2011. Gains of $9 million generated by the held for trading investments have been offset against administrative expenses.

3. 4. 5.

Required: (a)
Analyse the financial performance and financial position of GD and recommend whether or not GDs application for borrowing should be considered further Note: 8 marks are available for the calculation of relevant ratios. (21 marks) Explain what further information might be useful in assessing the future prospects of GD and its ability to service a new long term loan. (4 marks) (Total for Question Seven = 25 marks) (Total for Section B = 50 marks)

(b)

End of Question Paper Maths Tables and Formulae are on pages 13 to 15

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MATHS TABLES AND FORMULAE

Present value table
Present value of $1, that is (1 + r) where r = interest rate; n = number of periods until payment or receipt.
Periods (n) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Periods (n) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Interest rates (r) 5% 6% 0.952 0.943 0.907 0.890 0.864 0.840 0.823 0.792 0.784 0.747 0.746 0.705 0.711 0.665 0.677 0.627 0.645 0.592 0.614 0.558 0.585 0.527 0.557 0.497 0.530 0.469 0.505 0.442 0.481 0.417 0.458 0.394 0.436 0.371 0.416 0.350 0.396 0.331 0.377 0.312 Interest rates (r) 15% 16% 0.870 0.862 0.756 0.743 0.658 0.641 0.572 0.552 0.497 0.476 0.432 0.410 0.376 0.354 0.327 0.305 0.284 0.263 0.247 0.227 0.215 0.195 0.187 0.168 0.163 0.145 0.141 0.125 0.123 0.108 0.107 0.093 0.093 0.080 0.081 0.069 0.070 0.060 0.061 0.051
-n

1% 0.990 0.980 0.971 0.961 0.951 0.942 0.933 0.923 0.914 0.905 0.896 0.887 0.879 0.870 0.861 0.853 0.844 0.836 0.828 0.820

2% 0.980 0.961 0.942 0.924 0.906 0.888 0.871 0.853 0.837 0.820 0.804 0.788 0.773 0.758 0.743 0.728 0.714 0.700 0.686 0.673

3% 0.971 0.943 0.915 0.888 0.863 0.837 0.813 0.789 0.766 0.744 0.722 0.701 0.681 0.661 0.642 0.623 0.605 0.587 0.570 0.554

4% 0.962 0.925 0.889 0.855 0.822 0.790 0.760 0.731 0.703 0.676 0.650 0.625 0.601 0.577 0.555 0.534 0.513 0.494 0.475 0.456

7% 0.935 0.873 0.816 0.763 0.713 0.666 0.623 0.582 0.544 0.508 0.475 0.444 0.415 0.388 0.362 0.339 0.317 0.296 0.277 0.258

8% 0.926 0.857 0.794 0.735 0.681 0.630 0.583 0.540 0.500 0.463 0.429 0.397 0.368 0.340 0.315 0.292 0.270 0.250 0.232 0.215

9% 0.917 0.842 0.772 0.708 0.650 0.596 0.547 0.502 0.460 0.422 0.388 0.356 0.326 0.299 0.275 0.252 0.231 0.212 0.194 0.178

10% 0.909 0.826 0.751 0.683 0.621 0.564 0.513 0.467 0.424 0.386 0.350 0.319 0.290 0.263 0.239 0.218 0.198 0.180 0.164 0.149

11% 0.901 0.812 0.731 0.659 0.593 0.535 0.482 0.434 0.391 0.352 0.317 0.286 0.258 0.232 0.209 0.188 0.170 0.153 0.138 0.124

12% 0.893 0.797 0.712 0.636 0.567 0.507 0.452 0.404 0.361 0.322 0.287 0.257 0.229 0.205 0.183 0.163 0.146 0.130 0.116 0.104

13% 0.885 0.783 0.693 0.613 0.543 0.480 0.425 0.376 0.333 0.295 0.261 0.231 0.204 0.181 0.160 0.141 0.125 0.111 0.098 0.087

14% 0.877 0.769 0.675 0.592 0.519 0.456 0.400 0.351 0.308 0.270 0.237 0.208 0.182 0.160 0.140 0.123 0.108 0.095 0.083 0.073

17% 0.855 0.731 0.624 0.534 0.456 0.390 0.333 0.285 0.243 0.208 0.178 0.152 0.130 0.111 0.095 0.081 0.069 0.059 0.051 0.043

18% 0.847 0.718 0.609 0.516 0.437 0.370 0.314 0.266 0.225 0.191 0.162 0.137 0.116 0.099 0.084 0.071 0.060 0.051 0.043 0.037

19% 0.840 0.706 0.593 0.499 0.419 0.352 0.296 0.249 0.209 0.176 0.148 0.124 0.104 0.088 0.079 0.062 0.052 0.044 0.037 0.031

20% 0.833 0.694 0.579 0.482 0.402 0.335 0.279 0.233 0.194 0.162 0.135 0.112 0.093 0.078 0.065 0.054 0.045 0.038 0.031 0.026

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Cumulative present value of $1 per annum,

Receivable or Payable at the end of each year for n years
Periods (n) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Periods (n) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
1 (1+ r ) n r

1% 0.990 1.970 2.941 3.902 4.853 5.795 6.728 7.652 8.566 9.471 10.368 11.255 12.134 13.004 13.865 14.718 15.562 16.398 17.226 18.046

2% 0.980 1.942 2.884 3.808 4.713 5.601 6.472 7.325 8.162 8.983 9.787 10.575 11.348 12.106 12.849 13.578 14.292 14.992 15.679 16.351

3% 0.971 1.913 2.829 3.717 4.580 5.417 6.230 7.020 7.786 8.530 9.253 9.954 10.635 11.296 11.938 12.561 13.166 13.754 14.324 14.878

4% 0.962 1.886 2.775 3.630 4.452 5.242 6.002 6.733 7.435 8.111 8.760 9.385 9.986 10.563 11.118 11.652 12.166 12.659 13.134 13.590

Interest rates (r) 5% 6% 0.952 0.943 1.859 1.833 2.723 2.673 3.546 3.465 4.329 4.212 5.076 5.786 6.463 7.108 7.722 8.306 8.863 9.394 9.899 10.380 10.838 11.274 11.690 12.085 12.462 4.917 5.582 6.210 6.802 7.360 7.887 8.384 8.853 9.295 9.712 10.106 10.477 10.828 11.158 11.470

7% 0.935 1.808 2.624 3.387 4.100 4.767 5.389 5.971 6.515 7.024 7.499 7.943 8.358 8.745 9.108 9.447 9.763 10.059 10.336 10.594

8% 0.926 1.783 2.577 3.312 3.993 4.623 5.206 5.747 6.247 6.710 7.139 7.536 7.904 8.244 8.559 8.851 9.122 9.372 9.604 9.818

9% 0.917 1.759 2.531 3.240 3.890 4.486 5.033 5.535 5.995 6.418 6.805 7.161 7.487 7.786 8.061 8.313 8.544 8.756 8.950 9.129

10% 0.909 1.736 2.487 3.170 3.791 4.355 4.868 5.335 5.759 6.145 6.495 6.814 7.103 7.367 7.606 7.824 8.022 8.201 8.365 8.514

11% 0.901 1.713 2.444 3.102 3.696 4.231 4.712 5.146 5.537 5.889 6.207 6.492 6.750 6.982 7.191 7.379 7.549 7.702 7.839 7.963

12% 0.893 1.690 2.402 3.037 3.605 4.111 4.564 4.968 5.328 5.650 5.938 6.194 6.424 6.628 6.811 6.974 7.120 7.250 7.366 7.469

13% 0.885 1.668 2.361 2.974 3.517 3.998 4.423 4.799 5.132 5.426 5.687 5.918 6.122 6.302 6.462 6.604 6.729 6.840 6.938 7.025

14% 0.877 1.647 2.322 2.914 3.433 3.889 4.288 4.639 4.946 5.216 5.453 5.660 5.842 6.002 6.142 6.265 6.373 6.467 6.550 6.623

Interest rates (r) 15% 16% 0.870 0.862 1.626 1.605 2.283 2.246 2.855 2.798 3.352 3.274 3.784 4.160 4.487 4.772 5.019 5.234 5.421 5.583 5.724 5.847 5.954 6.047 6.128 6.198 6.259 3.685 4.039 4.344 4.607 4.833 5.029 5.197 5.342 5.468 5.575 5.668 5.749 5.818 5.877 5.929

17% 0.855 1.585 2.210 2.743 3.199 3.589 3.922 4.207 4.451 4.659 4.836 4.988 5.118 5.229 5.324 5.405 5.475 5.534 5.584 5.628

18% 0.847 1.566 2.174 2.690 3.127 3.498 3.812 4.078 4.303 4.494 4.656 7.793 4.910 5.008 5.092 5.162 5.222 5.273 5.316 5.353

19% 0.840 1.547 2.140 2.639 3.058 3.410 3.706 3.954 4.163 4.339 4.486 4.611 4.715 4.802 4.876 4.938 4.990 5.033 5.070 5.101

20% 0.833 1.528 2.106 2.589 2.991 3.326 3.605 3.837 4.031 4.192 4.327 4.439 4.533 4.611 4.675 4.730 4.775 4.812 4.843 4.870

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FORMULAE
Annuity Present value of an annuity of $1 per annum receivable or payable for n years, commencing in one year, discounted at r% per annum:

PV =

1 1 1 r [1 + r ]n

Perpetuity Present value of $1 per annum receivable or payable in perpetuity, commencing in one year, discounted at r% per annum: PV =

1 r

Growing Perpetuity Present value of $1 per annum, receivable or payable, commencing in one year, growing in perpetuity at a constant rate of g% per annum, discounted at r% per annum: PV =

1 r g

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LIST OF VERBS USED IN THE QUESTION REQUIREMENTS

A list of the learning objectives and verbs that appear in the syllabus and in the question requirements for each question in this paper. It is important that you answer the question according to the definition of the verb. LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Level 1 - KNOWLEDGE What you are expected to know.

VERBS USED
List State Define

DEFINITION
Make a list of Express, fully or clearly, the details/facts of Give the exact meaning of

Level 2 - COMPREHENSION What you are expected to understand.

Describe Distinguish Explain Identify Illustrate

Communicate the key features Highlight the differences between Make clear or intelligible/State the meaning or purpose of Recognise, establish or select after consideration Use an example to describe or explain something

Level 3 - APPLICATION How you are expected to apply your knowledge.

Apply Calculate Demonstrate Prepare Reconcile Solve Tabulate

Put to practical use Ascertain or reckon mathematically Prove with certainty or to exhibit by practical means Make or get ready for use Make or prove consistent/compatible Find an answer to Arrange in a table

Level 4 - ANALYSIS How are you expected to analyse the detail of what you have learned.

Analyse Categorise Compare and contrast Construct Discuss Interpret Prioritise Produce

Examine in detail the structure of Place into a defined class or division Show the similarities and/or differences between Build up or compile Examine in detail by argument Translate into intelligible or familiar terms Place in order of priority or sequence for action Create or bring into existence

Level 5 - EVALUATION How are you expected to use your learning to evaluate, make decisions or recommendations.

Advise Evaluate Recommend

Counsel, inform or notify Appraise or assess the value of Advise on a course of action

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Financial Pillar

Management Level Paper

F2 Financial Management

November 2010

Thursday Afternoon Session

November 2010

20

Financial Management